2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（天津卷）真题精品解析.doc

2010高考真题精品解析-英语（天津卷）【名师简评】试题难易适中，适合大多数学生。试题考查点全面，材料新颖。单选注重实词的考查，如名词、动词、代词、形容词、动词，并辅以连词和介词的考查，同时重视各种从句的考查。本次试题对动词的考查仍然比较重视，占到40%的比例。单项填空体现了交际性与知识性的结合，考查点都在设置的语境中考查。完形填空体现了善举深深影响了孩子这一主题，具有教育意义，考查点仍然以名词、动词、形容词等实词为主。阅读理解有说明文、记叙文和议论文三种体裁，题材涉及广告、游戏、记人、人与动物和谐等，主要以考查细节理解为主，辅以主旨大意、猜测词义和推理判断，在考查学生把握细节的同时，考查学生的阅读能力，只要考生把握好字里行间的信息与提示，还是容易得到分数的。作文是书信体作文，主题是到希望小学帮助小学生学英语，内容贴近学生生活，学生言之有物。本试卷分第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第卷第1页至第9页，第卷第10页至第11页。考生注意事项：1.答题前，务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的姓名、座位号，并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码中姓名、座位号与本人姓名、座位号是否一致。务必在答题卡背面规定的地方填写姓名和座位号后两位。2. 答第卷时，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.答第卷时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写，要求字体工整，笔迹清晰。作图题可先用铅笔在答题卡规定的位置绘出，确认后再用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔描清楚。务必在题号所指示的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。4.考试结束，务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Stand over there youll be able to see it better.A. or B. and C. but D. while答案是B。1. He telephoned the travel agency to three air tickets to London.A. order B. arrange C. take D. book1.答案D【解析】考查动词辨析。句意为：“他给旅行社打电话预定去伦敦的飞机票”，A项为“预定”，指预定座位或货物；B项意为“安排”；C项意为“拿，买”；D项意为“预定，登记”，指约定票，故选D。2.Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me?Sure. ?A. What help B. What is this C. What is it D. What do you want2.答案C【解析】考查交际用语。句意为“打扰你了，你能帮我个忙吗？当然。什么事情？”，A项意为中国式英语；B项意为“这是什么”；C项意为“到底是什么”；D项意为“你想要什么”。3. James took the magazines off the little table to make for the television.A. room B. area C. field D. position3.答案A【解析】考查名词辨析。句意为：詹姆斯从小桌上拿走杂志为电视腾个地方。make room for意为“让出地方给；腾出空位”，固定搭配，故选A。4. We on this project for four hours. Lets have a rest.A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked5. People have always been about exactly how life on earth began.A. curious B. excited C. anxious D. careful5.答案A【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意为：“人们总是对地球上的生命如何起源的感到好奇”A项为“好奇的”；B项意为“激动的”；C项为“渴望的，焦虑的”；D项意为“小心的，仔细的”，be curuous about“对感到好奇”，固定搭配，符合语境。6. in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.A. Anything B. Nothing C. Everything D. Something6.答案B【解析】考查代词辨析。A项意为“任何一件事情”；B项意为“没有东西，没有事情”；C项意为“每一件事情”；D项意为“一些事情”。句意为：“在我一生中没有一件事情像我第一次游览故宫那样给我留下如此深刻的印象。”7. Professor Johnson, Im afraid I cant finish the report within this week. How about next week?A. Good for you B. It wont bother me C. Not at all D. Thats OK8. Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?You should try the barbers I go. Its only 15.A. as B. which C. where D. that9. Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed .he arrived half an hour early.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt 9.答案A【解析】考查情态动词。句意为：“马克不必这么匆忙。在以最高时速开车后，他早到半个小时。”根据句意可知，马克没有必要做某事，但是实际上他已经这么做了，是neednt have done的含义，故选A，其余的均不符合语境。10. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited10.答案C【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意为：“像剪纸这样的天津传统民间艺术正在2010年上海世博会文化展上进行展览。”根据句意可知是现在进行时含义，剧中主语时traditional folk arts，是复数形式，谓语动词采用复数形式，主语又表示“物”，具有被动含义，所以选择C。11. Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion , and as a manager.A. ended up B. dropped out C. came back D. started off 11.答案A【解析】考查动词短语。end up意为“最终成为”；drop out意为“退出，退学”；come back意为“返回，回来”；start off意为“出发，开始”。句意为：作为职员进入公司，他很快升职，并最终成为经理。12. It rained heavily in the south. serious flooding in several provinces.A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 13. My father warned me going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.A. by B. on C. for D. against13.答案D【解析】考查介词。句意为：“我爸爸提醒我不要去西海岸因为那儿游客太多，十分拥挤。”warn sb against sth/ doing sth意为“警告/提醒某人不要做某事”，固定搭配，故选D。14. As a new graduate, he doesnt know it takes to start a business here.A. how B. what C. When D. which 14.答案B【解析】考查连词。句意为：“作为新毕业生，他不知道如何才能在这儿开创事业。”句意虽然译成“如何”，但是动代词know后的宾语从句缺少动词takes的宾语，所以采用what替代，故选B。15. John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从1635各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Robert Moody, 52, is an experienced police officer. Much of his work involves dealing with 16 an gang (团伙)problems in the schools of his community. Knowing that many kids often 17 trouble, he decided to do something about it. So in 1991 he began to invite small groups of kids to go fishing with him on his day 18 .Those fun trips had a(n) 19 impact. A chance encounter in 2000 proved that. One day, 20 working security at a school basketball game, Moody noticed two young guys 21 .He sensed trouble between them. 22 one of them headed toward Moody and gave him a hug.”I 23 you. You took me 24 when I was in fifth grade. That was one of the 25 days of my life .”Deeply touched by the boys word, Moody decided to create a foundation（基金会）that 26 teenagers to the basics of fishing in camping programs. “As a policeman, I saw 27 there was violence, drugs were always behind it. They have a damaging 28 on the kids,” says Moody.By turning kids on to fishing, he 29 to present an alternative way of life, “When youre sitting there waiting for a 30 ,”he says, “you cant help but talk to each other, and such 31 can be pretty deep.”“Talking about drugs helped prepare me for the peer（同龄人）pressures in high school,” says Michelle, 17 who 32 the first program. “And I was able to help my little brother 33 drugs.”Moody faces 34 in three years, when he hopes to run the foundation full-time.”Im living a happy life and I have a responsibility to my 35 to give back,” Moody says.”If I teach a kid to fish today, he can teach his brother to fish tomorrow.”16. A. drinking Bdrug Csecurity Dsmoking17. A. ran into Bgot over Cleft behind Dlooked into18. Aahead Baway Coff Dout19. Aimmediate Bdamaging Climited Dlasting20. Aonce Bwhile Csince Duntil21. Aquarreling Bcomplaining Ctalking Dcheering22. ASlowly BSuddenly CFinally DSecretly23. Aunderstand Bhear C. see Dremember 24. Afishing Bsailing Cboating D. swimming25. Aquietest Blongest Cbest Dbusiest 26. Aconnects Bintroduces Creduces Dcommits27. Awhere Bunless Cas Dwhether28. Aimpression Bburden Cdecision Dimpact29. Aasked Bintended Cpretended Dagreed30. Asolution Bchange Cbite Dsurprise31. Aconcerns Binterests Cconversations Demotions32. A. participated in B. worked out C. approved of D. made up33. A. misuse B. avoid C. tolerate D. test34. A. unemployment B. challenge C. competition D. retirement35. A. team B. school C. family D. community【语篇解读】好人的善举会影响人的一生。罗伯特穆迪就是这样一位警察。他通过带孩子们去钓鱼，在钓鱼过程中与孩子们谈话，深深影响了孩子们，也成功地帮助孩子们解决了吸毒等问题。16. 答案B【解析】根据下文多次出现的“drug”可判断，罗伯特的工作包括矗立吸毒问题。A项为“喝酒”，B项为“毒品”，C项为“安全”；D项为“吸烟”，A、C、D均不符合语境。17. 答案A【解析】根据上句“gang problems in the schools of his community”可知孩子们经常遇到麻【解析】根据下句“You took me 24 when I was in fifth grade”可知，孩子记得穆迪，记得穆迪曾经带他去钓鱼，故选D。A项为“理解”；B项为“听到”；C项为“看见”，不符合语境。24. 答案A【解析】根据上下文在描述穆迪带领孩子去钓鱼给予孩子深远影响的故事，可知这个还自己的穆迪带他去钓过鱼，故选A。25. 答案C【解析】根据下文“Deeply toucvhed by the boys words, ”，可知穆迪被孩子的话深深地打动了，由此判断孩子说的话是“这是我一生中最美好的日子”，故选C。26. 答案B【解析】句意为“被孩子的话深深地打动了，穆迪决定创办一个基金会以让孩子们了解钓鱼的基本知识”，introduce sb to sth“使某人了解某物”，固定搭配，故选B项。A项意为“连接”，C项意为“减少”，D项意为“把交托给”，均不符合语境。27. 答案A【解析】常识可知暴力的背后总伴随着吸毒，再次where引导地点状语从句，“where there was violence”，“有暴力的地方”，故选A。28. 答案D【解析】暴力和吸毒对孩子们产生不良影响。 have a damaging impact“产生严重影响”，故选D。A意为“印象”；B意为“负担”；C为“决定”，不符合语境。29. 答案B【解析】罗伯特创办基金会的穆迪，就是想通过钓鱼转变孩子，让孩子远离暴力和吸毒，这事它的穆迪，故选B，intend to do sth“打算做某事”。A项意为“要求”；C项意为“假装”；D项意为“同意”。第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A36. A visitor can apply for a free audio tourA. in the CourtyardB. in the State ApartmentsC. at the Admission CenterD. at St Georges Chapel37. What is specially offered to visitors with kids?A. A security guard.B. A pushchair.C. A free toy.D. A baby carrier.38. Who can get re-entry permits?A. Visitors wishing to eat outside the Castle.B. Visitors buying gifts in the castle shops.C. Visitors buying water from the Courtyard.D. Visitors eating outside St Georges Chapel.39. Why arc visitors required to turn off their mobile phones?A. To ensure the safety of others.B. To ensure the security of the Castle.C. To prevent them from disturbing others.D. To prevent the use of the built-in cameras.40. In the last part, a “working royal palace” refers to one _. A. still being constructedB. still used by the royal familyC. where the Queen usually worksD. where works of art are on show【语篇解读】本篇文章为说明文。主要欢迎游客来到温莎城堡，并向游客做本次旅行的具体说明：包括它能提供的服务以及注意事项等。【解析】句意理解题。根据最后一段第一句“As Windor Castle is a working royal palace”可知，温莎城堡是皇家的工作的地方，皇家不仅仅包括女王，由此判断选B项。 BWhy play games? Because they are fun, and a 1ot more besides. Following the rulesplanning your next move.acting as a team memberthese are all “game” ideas that you will come across throughout your life.Think about some off the games you played as a young child, such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek. Such games are entertaining and fun. But perhaps more importantly, they translate life into exciting dramas that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives, such as taking turns and cooperating (合作) . Many childrens games have a practical side Children around the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown-ups. For instance, some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bones. Which sharpens the hand-eye coordination（协调）needed in hunting.Many sports encourage national or local pride. The most famous games of all, the Olympic Games, bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competition. People who watch the event wave flags, knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country, not just the athlete who earned it. For countries experiencing natural disasters or war, an Olympic win can mean so much.Sports are also an event that unites people. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world. People on all continents play itsome for fun and some for a living. Nicolette Iribarne, a Californian soccer player, has discovered a way to spread hope through soccer. He created a foundation to provide poor children with not only soccer balls but also a promising future.Next time you play your favorite game or sport, think about why you enjoy it, what skills are needed, and whether these skills will help you in other aspects of your life.41. Through playing hide-and-seek, children are expected to learn to _.A. be a team leader B. obey the basic rulesC. act as a grown-upD. predict possible danger42. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 most probably means that games can_. A. describe life in an exciting wayB. turn real-life experiences into a playC. make learning life skills more interestingD. change peoples views of sporting events43. According to the passage, why is winning Olympic medals so encouraging?A. It inspires peoples deep love for the country.B. It proves the exceptional skills of the winners.C. It helps the country out of natural disasters.D. It earns the winners fame and fortune.44. Iribarnes goal of forming the foundation is to _.A. bring fun to poor kidsB. provide soccer balls for childrenC. give poor kids a chance for a better lifeD. appeal to soccer players to help poor kids45What can be inferred from the passage?AGamed benefit people all their lives.BSports can get all athletes together.CPeople are advised to play games for fun.DSports increase a countrys competitiveness.44. 答案C【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“He created a foundation to provide poor children with not only soccer but also a promising future”可知，Itibarne建立基金会的目的是为了让贫穷 孩子有一个有前途的未来，由此判断选C项。45. 答案A【解析】推理判断题。本文主要说明游戏运动对人一生的影响，从游戏中我们学会了社会基本准则，运动激励人团结人，从中我们可以得出结论我们在运动中获益很多，由此判断选A项。CIn the kitchen of my mothers houses there has always been a wooden stand（木架）with a small notepad（记事本）and a hole for a pencil.Im looking for paper on which to note down the name of a book I am recommending to my mother. Over forty years since my earliest memories of the kitchen pad and pencil, five houses later, the current paper and pencil look the same as they always did. Surely it cant be the same pencil? The pad is more modern, but the wooden stand is definitely the original one.“Im just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these year.” I say to her, walking bank into the living-room with a sheet of paper and the pencil. “You still use a pencil. Cant you afford a pen?”My mother replies a little sharply. “It works perfectly well. Ive always kept the stand in the kitchen. I never knew when I might want to note down an idea, and I was always in the kitchen in these days.”Immediately I can picture her, hair wild, blue housecoat covered in flour, a wooden spoon in one hand, the pencil in the other, her mouth moving silently. My mother smiles and says, “One day I was cooking and watching baby Pauline, and I had a brilliant thought, but the stand was empty. One of the children must have taken the paper. So I just picked up the breadboard and wrote it all down on the back. It turned out to be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem I was working on.”This storywhich happened before I was bornreminds me how extraordinary my mother was, and is, as a gifted mathematician. I feel embarrassed that I complain about not having enough child-free time to work. Later, when my mother is in the bathroom, I go into her kitchen and turn over the breadboards. Sure enough, on the back of the smallest one, are some penciled marks I recognize as mathematics. Those symbols have traveled unaffected through fifty years, rooted in the soil of a cheap wooden breadboard, invisible（看不到的）exhibits at every meal.46Why has the authors mother always kept the notepad and pencil in the kitchen?ATo leave messages. BTo list her everyday tasks. CTo note down maths problems.DTo write down a flash of inspiration.47. What is the authors original opinion about the wooden stand?A. It has great value for the family.B. It needs to be replaced by a better one.C. It brings her back to her lonely childhood.D .It should be passed on to the next generation.48. The author feels embarrassed for . A. blaming her mother wrongly.B. giving her mother a lot of trouble.C. not making good use of time as her mother did.D. not making any breakthrough in her field.49. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A .The mother is successful in her career.B. The family members like traveling.C. The author had little time to play when young.D. The marks on the breadboard have disappeared.50. In the authors mind ,her mother is .A. strange in behavior.B. keen on her research.C. fond of collecting old things.D. careless about her appearance. 【语篇解读】本篇文章为记叙文。主要讲述“我”的母亲总是习惯实用厨房里的记事本和铅笔。50年过去了，换了5所房子，可母亲的习惯没有改变，却更热衷于此。我突然意识到母亲是为天才的数学家。46. 答案D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“I never knew when I might want to note down an idea, and I was always in the kitchen in those days”可知作者母亲随时在存放的记事本上记录自己的想法，故选D项。DTo err is human. To blame the other guy is even more human.Common sense is not all that common.Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse?These three popular misquotes(戏谑的引语)are meant to be jokes, and yet they tell us a lot about human nature .To err, or to make mistakes, is indeed a part of being human, but it seems that most people dont want to accept the responsibility for the problem. Perhaps it is the natural thing to do .The original quote about human nature went like this:” To err is human, to forgive, divine(神圣的).”This saying mirrors an deal people should be forgiving of others mistakes. Instead, we tend to do the opposite find someone else to pass the blame on to. However, taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a making of great maturity.Common sense is what we call clear thought. Having common sense means having a good general plan that will make things work well, and it also means staying with the plan. Commonsense tells you that you take an umbrella out into a rainstorm, but you leave the umbrella home when you hear a weather forecast for sunshineCommon sense does not seem to be common for large organizations, because there are so many things going on that one person cannot be in charge of everything. People say that in a large company,”the right hand does not know what the left hand is doing.”And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art? One of the common problems with making excuses is that people, especially young people. get the idea that its okay not to be totally honest all the time. There is a corollary(直接推论)to that: if good excuse is “good”even if it isnt honest, then where is the place of the truth?51. According to tile passage, which of following seems the most human?A. To search for truthB. To achieve ones idealC. To make fun of othersmistakesD. To criticize others for ones own error.52According to the author, what is a sign of a mans maturity?ADoing things his own w