英语试题-2009.doc

ENGLISH EXAMINATIONFOR PHD CANDIDATES OF 2009Part I. Vocabulary (1 point each)15%Directions: There are fifteen sentences in this part. Choose the word from the four choices given to best complete or match each sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.1. According to ancient Greek legend the set a riddle which no one before Oedipus was able to answer.A. sphinx B. crookC. duchessD. truant2. The statue of the dictator was over by the crowds.A. toddled B. toppled C. aggrandized D. aggregated3. Have you seen the handy little ? Its for separating egg yolks from white.A. aerosol B. crateC. margarineD. gadget4. The monument was out of the side of a mountain.A. perforated B. masterminded C. bustled D. hewn5. As a clergymans son hed a set of mystical beliefs from the cradle.A. imbibed B. abashed C. tampered D. reposed6. Hes written a new book in which he his vision of social reform.A. quavers B. propoundsC. purgesD. surges7. The referee the goal, ruling that a players hand had touched the ball.A. nullified B. accostedC. cohered D. detested8. Little green patches of moss grew on the rock where water had out.A. oozedB. dehumanizedC. deified D. opted9. I tried very hard to restrain my laughter, but tears started flowing down my cheeks and I began .A. profferingB. defraudingC. guffawing D. deflecting10. The meter needs to be carefully before any measurements are made.A. derogatedB. forebodedC. tampedD. calibrated11. The plot of the film is just a boy-meets-girl scenario.A. hackneyed B. curt C. wan D. triple12. Shortly after the boat docked, the passengers .A. dismounted B. disembarked C. dispersed D. disgruntled13. Its a pity that she mars the account of what happened by her own views too much.A. derailingB. falsifyingC. cowering D. obtruding14. The announcement will the rumors of a takeover that have plagued the company for the past 18 months.A. appendB. scotchC. exhortD. exhale15. Many parts of an aircraft are together.A. reshuffledB. repulsed C. reverted D. rivetedPart II. Reading Comprehension (2 points each)30%Directions: In this part, there are three passages for you to read. Read each passage carefully and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer A, B, C, or D and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.TEXT APundits who want to sound judicious are fond of warning against generalizing. Each country is different, they say, and no one story tits all of Asia. This is, of course, silly: all of these economics plunged into economic crisis within a few months of each other, so they must have had something in common.In fact, the logic of catastrophe was pretty much the same in Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and South Korea. (Japan is a very different story.) In each case investors mainly, but not entirely foreign banks who had made short-term loans all tried to pull their money out at the same time. The result was a combined hanking and currency crisis: a banking crisis because no bank can convert all its assets into cash on short notice; a currency crisis because panicked investors were trying not only to convert long-term assets into cash, but to convert baht or rupiah into dollars. In the face of the stampede, governments had no good options. If they let their currencies plunge inflation would soar and companies that had borrowed in dollars would go bankrupt; if they tried to support their currencies by pushing up interest rates, the same firms would probably go bust from the combination of debt burden and recession. In practice, countries split the difference and paid a heavy price regardless.Was the crisis a punishment for bad economic management? Like most clichs, the catchphrase “crony capitalism” has prospered because it gets at something real: excessively cozy relationships between government and business really did lead to a lot of bad investments. The still primitive financial structure of Asia n business also made the economies peculiarly vulnerable to a loss of confidence. But the punishment was surely disproportionate to the crime, and many investments that look foolish in retrospect seemed sensible at the time.Given that there were no good policy options, was the policy response mainly on the fight track? There was frantic blame-shifting when everything in Asia seemed to be going wrong: now there is a race to claim credit when some things have started to go right. The international Monetary Fund points lo Koreas recovery and more generally to the fact that the sky didnt fall after all as proof that its policy recommendations were right. Never mind that other IMF clients have done far worse, and that the economy of Malaysia, which refused IMF help, and horrified respectable opinion by imposing capital controls, also seems to be on the mend. Malaysias prime Minister, by contrast, claims full credit for any good news even though neighbouring economies also seem to have bottomed out.The truth is that an observer without any ax to grind would probably conclude that none of the policies adopted cither on or in defiance of the IMFs advice made much difference either way. Budget policies, interest rate policies, ban king reform, whatever countries tried, just about all the capital that could flee, did. And when there was no mere money to run, the natural recuperative powers of the economics finally began to prevail. At best, the money, doctors who purported to offer cures provided a helpful bedside maimer; at worst, they were like medieval physicians who prescribed bleeding as a remedy for all ills.Will the patients stage a full recovery? It depends on exactly what you me an by “full”. South Koreas industrial production is already above its pre-crisis level; but in the spring of 1997 anyone who had predicted zero growth in Korea n industry over the next two years would have been regarded as a reckless doomsayer. So if by recovery you mean not just a return to growth, but one that brings the regions performance back to something like what people used to regard as the Asian norm, they have a long way to go.16. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the writers opinion?A. Countries paid a heavy price for whichever measure taken.B. Countries all found themselves in an economic dilemma.C. Withdrawal of foreign capital resulted in the crisis.D. Most governments chose one of the two options.17. The writer thinks that those Asian countries .A. well deserved the punishmentB. invested in a senseless way at the timeC. were unduly punished in the crisisD. had bad relationships between government and business18. It can be inferred from the passage that IMF policy recommendations .A. were far from a panacea in all casesB. were feasible in their recipient countries C. failed to work in their recipient countriesD. were rejected unanimously by Asian countries19. All of the following terms might refer to the same group of people EXCEPTA. IMF advisorsB. money doctorsC. economic pundits D. medieval physicians20. At the end of the passage, the writer seems to think that a full recovery of the Asian economy is .A. dueB. remoteC. imaginativeD. unpredictableTEXT BA green and yellow parrot, which hung in a cage outside the door, kept repeating over and over:“Allez vous-en! Allez vous-en! Sapristi! Thats all right!” He could speak a little Spanish, and also a language which nobody understood, unless it was the mocking-bird that hung on the other side of the door, whistling his fluty notes out upon the breeze with maddening persistence.Mr. Pontellier, unable to read his newspaper with any degree of comfort, arose with an expression and an exclamation of disgust. He walked down the gallery and across the narrow “bridges” which connected the Lebrun cottages one with the other. He had been seated before the door of the main house. The parrot and the mockingbird were the property of Madame Lebrun, and they had the right to make all the noise they wished. Mr. Pontellier had the privilege of quitting their society when they ceased to be entertaining.He slopped before the door of his own cottage, which was the fourth one from the main building and next to the last. Seating himself in a wicker rocker which was there, he once more applied himself to the task of reading the newspaper. The day was Sunday; the paper was a day old. The Sunday papers had not yet reached Grand Isle. He was already acquainted with the market reports, and he glanced restlessly over the editorials and bits of news which he had not had time to read before quitting New Orleans the day before.Mr. Pontellier wore eye-glasses. He was a man of forty, of medium height and rather slender build; he stooped a little. His hair was brown and straight, purled on one side. His beard was neatly and closely trimmed.Once in a while he withdrew his glance from the newspaper and looked about him. There was more noise than ever over at the house. The main building was called “the house,” to distinguish it from the cottages. The chattering and whistling birds were still at it. Two young girls, the Farival twins, were playing a duet from “Zampa” upon the piano. Madame Lebrun was bustling in and out, giving orders in a high key to a yard-boy whenever she got inside the house, and directions in an equally high voice to a dining room servant whenever she got outside. She was a fresh, pretty woman, clad always in white with elbow sleeves. Her starched skirts crinkled as she came and went. Farther down, before one of the collages, a lady in black was walking demurely up and down, telling her beads. A good many persons of the pension had gone over to the Cheniere Caminada in Beaudelets slugger to hear mass. Some young people were out under the water-oaks playing croquet. Mr. Pontelliers two children were there sturdy little fellows of four and five. A quadroon nurse followed them about with a faraway, meditative air.Mr. Pontellier finally lit a cigar and began to smoke, letting the paper drag idly from his hand. He fixed his gaze upon a white sunshade that was advancing at snails pace from the beach. He could see it plainly between the gaunt trunks of the water-oaks and across the stretch of yellow chamomile. The gulf looked far away, melting hazily into the blue of the horizon. The sunshade continued to approach slowly. Beneath its pink-lined shelter were his wife, Mrs. Pontellier, and young Robert Lebrun. When they reached the cottage, the two seated themselves with some appearance of fatigue upon the upper step of the porch, facing each other, each leaning against a supporting post.“What folly! to bathe at such an hour in such heat!” exclaimed Mr. Pontellier. He himself had taken a plunge at daylight. That was why the morning seemed long to him.“You are burnt beyond recognition.” he added, looking at his wife as one looks at a valuable piece of personal property which has suffered some damage. She held up her hands, strong, shapely hands, and surveyed them critically, drawing up her lawn sleeves above the wrists. Looking at them reminded her of her rings, which she had given to her husband before leaving for the beach. She silently reached out to him, and he, understanding, took the rings from his vest pocket and dropped them into her open palm. She slipped them upon her fingers; then clasping her knees, she looked across at Robert and began to laugh. The rings sparkled upon her fingers. He sent back an answering smile.“What is it?” asked Pontellier, looking lazily and amused from one to the other. It was some utter nonsense; some adventure out there in the water, and they both tried to relate it at once. It did not seem half so amusing when told. They realized this, and so did Mr. Pontellier. He yawned and stretched himself. Then he got up, saying he had half a mind to go over to Kleins hotel and play a game of billiards.“Come go along, Lebrun,” he proposed to Robert. But Robert admitted quite frankly that he preferred to stay where he was and talk to Mrs. Pontellier.“Well, send him about his business when he bores you, Edna,” instructed her husband as he prepared to leave.“Here, take the umbrella,” she exclaimed, holding it out to him. lie accepted the sunshade, and lifting it over his head descended the steps and walked away.“Coming back to dinner?” his wife called after him. He halted a moment and shrugged his shoulders. He fell in his vest pocket; there was a ten-dollar bill there. He did not know; perhaps he would return for the early dinner and perhaps he would not. It all depended upon the company which he found over at Kleins and the size of “the game.” He did not say this, but she understood it, and laughed, nodding good-by to him.Both children wanted to follow their father when they saw him starting out. He kissed them and promised to bring them back bonbons and peanuts.21. Which of the following adjectives best describe Mr. Pontellier? .A. Energetic B. Robust C. Good-humored D. Inactive22. In Mr. Pontelliers minds eye, his wife is .A. an independent personB. an object of considerable valueC. an understanding womanD. an unreliable woman23. The image that the story evokes in readers mind in its very beginning is .A. sea imageB. animal imageC. bird image D. umbrella image24. From the story we know that Mrs. Pontellier is a/an wife.A. understanding B. depressed C. critical D. listless25. Mr. Pontellier enjoys .A. having dinner with his wifeB gamblingC. playing with his childrenD. swimmingTEXT CWith its common interest in lawbreaking but its immense range of subject matter and widely-varying methods of treatment, the crime novel could make a legitimate claim to be regarded as a separate branch of literature, or, at least, as a distinct, even though a slightly disreputable, offshoot of the traditional novel.The detective story is probably the most respectable (at any rate in the narrow sense of the word) of the crime species. Its creation is often the relaxation of university teachers. literary economists, scientists or even poets. Fatalities may occur more frequently and mysteriously than might be expected in polite society, but the world in which they happen, the village, seaside resort, college or studio, is familiar to us, if not from our own experience, at least in the newspaper or the lives of friends. The characters, though normally realized superficially, are as recognizably human and consistent as our less intimate associates. A story set in a more remote environment, African jungle, or Australian bush, ancient China or gas-lit London, appeals to our interest in geography or history, and most detective story writers are conscientious in providing a reasonably authentic background. The elaborate, carefully assembled plot, despised by the modern intellectual critics and creators of significant novels, has found refuge in the murder mystery, with its sprinkling of clues, its spicing with apparent impossibilities, all with appropriate solutions and explanations at the end. With the guilt of escapism from Real Life nagging gently, we secretly revel in the unmasking of evil by a vaguely super-human detective, who sees through and dispels the cloud of suspicion which has hovered so unjustly over the innocent.Though its villain also receives his rightful deserts, the thriller presents a less comfortable and credible world. The sequence of fist fights, revolver duds, car crashes and escapes from gas-filled cellars exhausts the reader far more than the hero, who, suffering from at least two broken ribs, one black eye, uncountable bruises and a hangover, can still chase and overpower an armed villain with the physique of a wrestler. He moves dangerously through a world of ruthless gangs, brutality, a vicious lust for power and money and, in contrast to the detective tale, with a near-omniscient arch-criminal whose defeat seems almost accidental. Perhaps we miss in the thriller the security of being safely led by our imperturbable investigator past a score of red herrings and blind avenues to a final gathering of suspects when unchallengeable elucidation of all that has bewildered us is given and justice and goodness prevail. All that we vainly hope for from life is granted vicariously.26. The crime novel may he regarded as .A. a not quite respectable form of the conventional novelB. not a true novel at allC. related in some ways to the historical novelD. an independent development of the novel27. The text suggests that intellectuals write detective stories because .A. the stories lire often in fact very instructiveB. they enjoy writing these storiesC. the creation of these stories demands considerable intelligenceD. detective stories are an accepted brunch of literature28. What feature of the detective story is said to disqualify it from respectful consideration by intellectual critics?A. The many seeming impossible events.B. The fact that the guilty are always found out and the innocent cleared.C. The existence of a neat closely-knit story.D. The lack of interest in genuine character revelations.29. One of the most incredible characteristics of the hero of a thriller is .A. his exciting lifeB. his amazing toughnessC. his ability to escape from dangerous situations D. the way he deals with his enemies30. In what way are the detective story and thriller unlike? A. In introducing violence.B. In providing excitement and suspense.C. In appealing to the intellectual curiosity of the reader.D. In ensuring that everything comes right in the end.Part III. CLOZE( 1 point each)15%Directions: Rea