2013高考英语书面表达讲义及训练(8)及参考范文图表式.doc

2013高考英语书面表达讲义及训练（8）及参考范文：图表式书面表达思路与技巧 假如你是李华，请就本校食堂服务(canteen service)的状况给校长写一封信。内容包括：优点不足建议食堂干净价格偏高尽快解决问题饭菜可口种类偏少服务态度好等候时间较长词数：100左右；开头和结尾已为你写好。Dear Mr. Principal. I am a senior student of our school. Id like to say something about the canteen service in our school. _Sincerely yours,Li Hua One possible version:Dear Mr. Principal,I am a senior student of our school. Id like to say something about the canteen service in our school.In general, the service is satisfactory. The hall is clean and tidy. The dishes look inviting and taste delicious as well. Whats more, the workers there treat us as their friends, which makes us feel very happy.However, we feel the price of the meals is a little too high, Besides, we can only have a limited variety of dishes with little change every week. In addition, we often have to stand in line for a long time before we can get the meal. You could understand how precious time is to us students. Therefore, may I suggest something be done to solve the problems so that we can all enjoy our meals at school?Thanks for your consideration.Sincerely yours,Li Hua*结束近期，中学聘请外教之风愈演愈烈，请你结合下表对其利弊发表自己的观点。好处1. 提高学校的知名度。2. 提高学习英语的兴趣，口语表达能力增强。3. 更好地了解外国文化。弊端1. 花费高。2. 一些外国人难以适应我国的生活方式，甚至担心自己的安全。3. 外国人不了解中国学生的特点。自己的观点一切需要靠自己注意：1. 词数：100左右2. 短文应包括表中所有要点3. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯4. 开头及结尾已给出Several years ago, when a foreigner appeared in China, many people would gather around and stared at him or her as if they were watching a rare animal. However, its not uncommon to meet some foreigners even in middle schools now. Theres no doubt that schools will be better known. Whats more, its good for students to develop interest in English study as well as learn more about foreign cultures. Meanwhile, their oral English will be improved a lot. On the other hand, some foreigners, though well paid, find it difficult to get used to the way of life in a foreign country and they sometimes worry about their safety. The most important thing is that they are not quite familiar with the students. As a result, many students cant benefit from them.*结束图表式书面表达是常见的一种写作形式,现笔者结合下面一则实例,谈谈怎样写好这类书面表达。根据以下表格内容,请以HowtoReducethePresentCityPopulation为题,用英语为杂志社写一篇短文,阐述你对这一问题的见解。建议I具体措施:A.晚婚B.一对夫妇,一个孩子目的:减少人口自然增长(人口出生率)建议II具体措施:严格控制外地人进城务工经商目的:减少外地人口对城市的压力建议III具体措施:A.在郊区,建造生活、商业、文教、卫生、娱乐、休闲生活小区B.在城外建造卫星城目的:吸引城市居民到郊区和卫星城工作和生活注意:1)词数:100左右。2)参考词汇:严格控制haveatightcontrol,卫星城satellitetown一、认真审题,准确把握提示要求。1.审体裁。准确把握体裁是写好一篇文章关键的一步。体裁的形式直接决定着考生用英语表达信息的途径和形式,并影响着书面表述语句的正确性和准确性。2.审人称。根据体裁要求,要准确把握人称的使用。是用第一、二人称,还是用第三人称。3.审时态。不同的体裁,其动词时态的使用也各有不同。一般情况下,故事、日记等体裁常以一般过去时为主要动词时态;书信、便条、通知等体裁常以一般现在时为主要动词时态。分析以上实例,应以第一人称的口吻进行描写。从题目要求、表内要点以及体裁可知,本文时态应以一般现在时为主体时态。二、理清表内要点,进行合理发挥。图表式书面表达其主要内容常被列在表内。考生首先必须理清表内内容要点,抓住主要信息进行描写。可先把表内所提供的内容要点用英语列出,尽量使用一些较高层次的词汇或短语以及所学过的句法结构(如定语从句、分词结构等)进行描述。例如上述实例图表中的内容可用英语列出以下几个短语或句式:(1)practiceapolicyofLateMarriageandOneCouple,OneChild(2)reducethebirthrate(3)haveatightcontrolovercountrypeopleenteringcitiestodovariousphysicaljobs(4)lightenthepressureonthecitycausedbytheincreasingpopulation(5)buildapartmentblockswithshoppingcenters,schools,hospitals,aswellascinemasandtheatersaroundusorevenbuildsatellitetownsinthecitysuburbsorthecountiesroundthecities(6)encouragecitycitizenstomovetheretoliveandwork三、正确使用过渡性词语,提高文章的连贯性。过渡性词语的使用是语言的连贯性得以实现的最常用手段。在句子与句子之间,段落与段落之间恰当地使用一些承上启下的过渡性词语是非常必要的。例如上述实例,我们可在要点(1)前插入表示时间顺序的过渡词语first/firstly,在要点(3)前插入secondly,在要点(5)前插入finally。在要点(6)前可以插入表示终结关系的过渡短语inthisway/bythismeans。现将中学课本中应掌握的过渡词语总结如下:1.表示起始关系的有:firstofall,accordingto,sofar,asfaras,tobeginwith,inmyopinion等。2.表示时间顺序的有:first,then,later,intheend,finally,atlast,afterthat,sincethen,immediately,suddenly,soon等。3.表示空间顺序的有:ontheright/left,ononesideof,atthetop/foot/endof,inthemiddleof,infrontof,atthebackof等。4.表示并列关系的有:and,or,also,too,aswellas,neither.nor,notonly.butalso,either.or,not.but等。5.表示转折关系的有:but,yet,however,while,onthecontrary等。6.表示因果关系的有:because,since,as,for,thanksto,thus,therefore,asaresult(of),onereasonisthat.anotherreasonisthat.等。7.表示条件关系的有:if,unless,as(so)longas,onconditionthat等。8.表示让步关系的有:although,though,evenif,inspiteof,afterall,infact,what(who,when,where,how.)ever等。9.表示递进关系的有:whatsmore,furthermore,besides,whatsworse,tomakethematterworse,also,still,ontheonehand.ontheotherhand等。10.表示列举事实的过渡性词语有:forexample/instance,suchas,take.forexample,asfollows,andsoon等。11.表示总结性的有:inshort,inbrief,inaword,onthewhole等。12.表示过渡性的插入语有:Ithink(believe,suppose,imagine,guess.),Imafraid,youknow,asisknowntousall,asweallknow等。根据以上图表式书面表达题写作思路,上述实例可整理成文如下:HowtoReducethePresentCityPopulationOurmoderncityiscrowded,andtosolvetheproblem,threeproposalsareputforward.MostofthepeoplethinkthatweshouldfirstpracticethepolicyofLatemarriageandOneCouple,OneChildinordertoreducethebirthrate.Secondly,thecitygovernmentsmusthaveatightcontrolovercountrypeopleenteringcitiestodovariousphysicaljobssoastolightenthepressureonthecitycausedbytheincreasingpopulation.Finally,moreandmorepeoplesuggestthatweshouldbuildapartmentsubdivi