初中语法解系列(附练习)-形容词2(形容词的比较等级).doc

形容词（II）形容词的比较等级一、形容词比较等级的构成 1、规则变化 （1）一般加-er，-est （2）以不发音e结尾时，加-r，-st （3）辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i，再加-er，-est （4）重读闭音节词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母再加-er，-est （5）多音节词和部分双音节词，在原级前加more，most 2、不规则变化 good/wellbetterbest bad/illworseworst many/muchmoremost littlelessleast farfartherfarthest;farfurtherfurthest oldolderoldest;oldeldereldest二、形容词比较等级的基本句型 1、原级 形容词原级前可用very，quite，rather，too，so，pretty等修饰 （1）as+原级+as “和一样” （2）not as/so+原级+as “不如那样” 2、比较级 （1）比较级+than “一者比另一者” 该结构中形容词的比较级可用much，even，still，a little，a bit，a lot来修饰，以加强语气，使意思更加明确 该结构为了避免词语的重复使用，往往用代词that，those代替比较对象 The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai. 两者比较，表示一方程度浅些，用“less+原级+than”（不如）（2）Whhich/Who is+比较级，A or B？ “哪一个更”表示两者之间进行选择 （3）the+比较级+（句子），the+比较级（句子） “越，就越” （4）比较级+and+比较级 “越来越” （5）the+比较级+of the two “两者中较为的一个” （6）比较级+than+any other+名词单数 比较级+than+the other+名词复数 “比其他任何一个都” （7）倍数比较。常见句型有： 倍数+as+原级+as+ 倍数+比较级+than Their house is twice as big as ours. Their house is twice bigger than ours. 3、最高级 形容词最高级前要加定冠词the，或用形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、序数词以及by far，nearly，almost等词语修饰 （1）表示三者或三者以上的事物之间进行比较用最高级，常用“the+最高级+of/in短语”。of后面一般接表示一群人或事物的代词或名词，in后面一般接表示单位或场所的名词。 Bill is the tallest boy of us. Jane has the most friends in our class. （2）“Which/Who is the+最高级”指“（三个以上的人或事物中）哪一个最” （3）“one of the+最高级+名词复数”表示“最之一” （4）“the+序数词+最高级+名词单数”表示“第几” （5）最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格修饰时，最高级前不加the；若两个最高级连用，后一个最高级之前也省略the三、在使用形容词比较等级时，应注意的问题 1、比较的对象 必须是同类事物，不同类事物不能比较 误：My room is bigger than you. 正：My room is bigger than yours. 2、比较的范围 切忌一方包含另一方，从而造成自己与自己比较 误：Tom is taller than any boy in his class. 正：Tom is taller than any other boy/the other boys in his class. 3、than后面人称代词的格 一般来讲，人称代词若在than后面的从句中作主语，应用主格，作宾语则用宾格，这样不容易引起歧义 I like you more than she.=I like you more than she likes you.我比她更喜欢你。 I like you more than her.=I like you more than I like her.你和她相比，我更喜欢你。课堂练习1. This skirt is too . Would you show me another one? OK. Please try this one. Its cheaper. A.personal B.special C.famous D.expensive2. What color is your mothers scarf? It is . A.kind B.black C.nice D.good3. Why do you always feel in math classes? Because I hate math. A.happy B.sleepy C.excited D.great4. Oh. Im hungry. Mum, can I have the hamburger on the plate? No. It tastes . A.terribly B.terrible C.good D.well5. Im not sure which tie to wear for the party. God! I have no idea, . A.too B.neither C.either D.also6. The friends you have, the you will be. A.more; happy B.many; happy C.more; happier D.many; happier7. Excuse me, sir. The shoes are a bit small for me. Dont worry. Ill change them for a size. A.smaller B.smallest C.larger D.largest8. The tunnel under the Changjiang River makes it much (easy) to get to Pukou District than before.9. It works in the (big) computer company in the world.10. After the terrible earthquake, hundreds of poeple were (home).课后作业1. Of the two T-shirts, Id choose the one to save some money for a book. A.cheapest B.cheaper C.more expensive D.most expensive2. The friends you have, the you will be. A.more; happy B.many; happy C.more; happier D.many;happier3. Would you mind staying in such a noisy room? No, but my son needs a place to study in. A.cleaner B.quieter C.safer D.smaller4. Do you think math is than English? A.difficult B.as difficult C.more difficult D.most difficult5. scientific attitude is needed in developing our city. I agree with you. In this way, we can make mistakes. A. Fewer; less B. Less; more C. More; fewer D. More; less6. Listening is just as as speaking in language learning. A.important B.more important C.most important D.the most important7. What is your favourite sport? Swimming, I think. Its of all. A.easier B.more difficult C.the most interesting D.the most boring8. Whats the low-carbon life style like? Save energy, produce carbon. A.more; more B.less; more C.less; less D.more; less9. My father told me a story last night. It is one Ive ever heard. A.the funniest B.funniest C.funnier D.the funnier10. Why dont you go to Chongqing by plane? Going by bus doesnt cost as as by plane. A.many B.much Cmore D.less11. Tina, Mother says we can have a pet. How about a dog? I prefer a cat. It is to take care of. A.easy B.easier C.easiest D.the easiest12. This year the villagers have produced rice they did two years ago. A.less; than B.as less; as C.fewer; than D.as few; as13. Now the air in our city is than it used to be. Something must be done to stop it. A.very good B.much better C.rather bad D.even worse14. Taking buses in Beijing is than taking a taxi. A.more cheap B.much cheaper C.a little cheap D.less cheaper15. After the rebuilding our school is becoming . A.more and more beautiful B.more beautiful and beautiful C.beautiful and beautiful D.the most beautiful16. we plant, our city will be. A. The more trees; the beautiful B. The less trees; the more beautiful C. The more trees; the more beautiful D. The less trees; the beautiful17. Tiananmen Square is one of squares in the world. A.large B.larger C.largeast D.the largest18. This dictionary is pretty cheap. The price of it is of the three. A.very low B.qui