It+的用法.doc

1. it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:2. 也可以指动物或婴儿或未知的人 打电话；敲门等 They got a baby and it was a ten-pounder. Who is it speaking? Who is it there? Its I (me/you/he.).3. 也可指抽象事物或指抽象环境和情景: 也可泛泛的指某件事： (有时泛指一般情况) I hate it when people talk with a full mouth. I like it when the sun is shining and the shy is blue. I have nothing to do with it. It doesnt matter. How is it going?(情况怎样)4. it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度等：a. 指天气：It is a lovely day, isnt it? b. 指时间: What time is it by your watch?c. 指日期: It is April First today.d. 指距离:It is some 3000 kilometers from Beijing to Guangzhou.e. 指价值: It is three dollars.f. 指温度:Today it is 39 degrees centigrade.其他用法作形式主语，替代主语从句，动词不定式，或动名词短语：作形式主语替代主语从句a. It is + adj (clear , obvious， true， possible， certain.) that 从句b. It is important(vital); necessary(essential); strange(odd,absurd); natural that”that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去c. It is +过去分词+that +从句It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/well- known/told/hoped;agreed/ rumored.) that 从句 常译为据说（据报道，据悉）d. It is suggested/ proposed/ advised/ recommended/ ordered/ insisted/ demanded/ commanded.that .should doe. It is (about; great; good;high) time that从句 (虚拟语气:动词用过去时) It is (high ) time you made up your mind.f. It is the first ( second . ) time that从句(从句用现在完成时 have done )g. It is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/. ) that从句h. It (so) happens that It seems that It occurs to sb that= It strikes sb that.作形式主语替代不定式Its + adj +of sb to do sth不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的褒义或贬义形容词。 常见的词有bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good （好心的）， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice（有教养的）， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise ， wrong（错误的）等。这个句型可以改写为：sb. be+ adj to do sth Its + adj + for sb to do不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的中性形容词。 常见的形容词有：important， necessary， natural easy ， safe ， common ， normal ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， unusual， rare ， impossible ， pleasantIt takes sb. . to do sth. 做要花费某人It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.作形式主语替代动名词短语It is no good / no use / useless doing sth. 常译为 “有好处或没有用”It makes no sense to do sth 作形式宾语，代替不定式，动名词短语或宾语从句。该句型中的it 作形式宾语，该结构中常用的动词有：think, believe, make ,find consider, feel； 如:Sb find/ think/ feel/ consider/believeit + adj/ n to do sthSb have made it a rule to do sthWe think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.The Internet makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers.it的重要句型强调句型: It is/was + 被强调部分 + that 从句 (被强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用)It is you that /who are wrong.It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.比较： It was midnight_when they came back.It was at midnight_when they came back.特例:It is not until + 被强调部分 + that . 该句型也是强调句型。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.There 的用法一、 不同时态的There be 结构There is; are/ was; were/has been;have been/will be/ is going to be/ is to beThere is going to be a film in our school this weekend.There is to be a concert at the Albert Hall tonight. It is to be broadcast live.There have been a lot of accidents round here.二、 含有情态动词的There be 结构There used to be a cinema here before the war. There must have been a rain last night, for the ground is wet.There need be no hurry, need there?三、 There be 结构经常和appear, seem, happen, prove 等搭配There doesnt seem to be a badminton match tomorrow.四、 There +表示存在方位或静止状态的动词 There live; exist; lie; run; sit; stand; remain.+ NLong long ago, there lived an old farmer at the foot of a hill.There remains nothing to be done.=There exists no life on Mars.五、There be 结构的非谓语动词形式1. I expect there to be no argument about this. （不定式短语作动词expect的宾语）我期望关于这件事不要争了。2. I should prefer there to be no discussion of my private affairs.（不定式短语作动词prefer的宾语）我宁愿不要讨论我的私事3. If you dont mind there being so much noise around, you are quite welcome to stay. 4. Whats the chance of there being an election this year? （动名词短语作介词of 的宾语）今年举行选举的可能性有多大？5. There being nothing else to do, we went home.（现在分词短语作原因状语）take it for granted that想当然地认为 认为理所当然、天经地义see to it that1. I like in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.A. this B. that C. it D. one2. A: He was nearly drowned once. B: When was ? A: was in 1998 when he was in middle school.A. that; It B. this; ThisC. this; It D. that; This3. The Parkers bought a new house but_ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A. they B. it C. one D. which4. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see .A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is5. _ _so much money on such a meaningless project. A. It makes no sense to spend B. There is no need spending C. It is no good to waste D. There is no point to spend 6. Mikes mother kept telling him that he should work hard, but didnt help.A. he B. it C. she D. which7. Since you have repaired my computer, _ is no need for me to buy a new one.A. it B. there C. this D. that8. Space exploration has been made _ with the development of modern science and technology. A. it possible B. it was possibleC. that possible D. possible9. is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.A. Which B. As C. That D. It10. It was back home after the experiment.A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go11. Why! I have nothing to confess. _ you want me to say?A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that12. I cant find my hat. I have to buy _.A. one B. it C. that D. which13. _ that you bring the camera here next Saturday.A. See to it B. See toC. See for it D. See for14. I dont think it wise _ you to agree _ the arrangement. A. for; with B. for; on C. of; with D. of; to15. Once upon a time, _ lived a merchant with three beautiful daughters. A. there B. it C. as D. who16. “Arent you still a member of the club?” “ _. It is 2 months since I was one of the club.” A. Yes, I am B. No, I am not C. Yes, I am not D. No , I am.17. _ a policeman on the bus when the fire started. A. There happened to have B. It happened to be C. There used to have D. There happened to be18. Our club is open to adults only. _ your children have entered without permission. A. There seems that B. It seems to be C. There seems to be D. It seems that19. It was after the invention of pring _ to publish large numbers of books and pictures. A. were people able B. that people were able C. when people were able D. people were able20. _ was in 1982 _ I graduated from the university. A. That; that B. It; that C. That; when D. It; when21. Dont _that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful. A. take as granted B. take this for granted C. take for granted D. take it for granted22. Its unusual for _ so few people in the street. A. there is B. there to be C. there to have D. there being23. I thought _no good arguing with this stubborn man. A. it B. it is C. that D. that is 24. There _ a road through