多模式论文：多模式防撞协同监视仿真系统研究.doc

多模式论文：多模式防撞协同监视仿真系统研究【中文摘要】空中交通管制的根本就是防止航空器与航空器之间以及航空器与障碍物之间的相撞。首先在管制程序上采取了安全间隔保障,完成了第一道防线。依靠TCAS的检测、发现和告警,对交通避险提供了第二道防线和第三道防线。但是,随着科技的发展,机载告警系统越发先进,地面监视系统的精度不断的提高,却始终无法根除航空器运行过程中可能相撞的隐患。所以,在论文的写作过程中,作者致力于“多模式防撞协同监视仿真系统”的研究。系统可以通过调节各监控系统的告警门限,在多模式协同监视的情况下,探索冲突告警,预测并发现危险接近的潜在风险,并提出参考决策意见和处置建议。论文首先从三种监视系统入手,分别进行TCAS、ADS-B、SSR的概述,介绍了三者的组成和工作原理,最后简述了它们的发展状况。在此基础之上,建立空间模型,并对空间模型进行算法的实现。在研究中发现,要建立TCAS的三维空间模型是可行的,但是在系统实现中是不可行的,所以作者舍弃建立三维坐标的方法,而采用分水平和垂直方向两种情况讨论。冲突只有在同时满足水平和垂直告警门限的条件下,才能发生。TCAS的冲突门限是基于时间的,建立相当于不规则椭圆,ADS-B模型是一个长方体,只要是入侵机进入这个长方体区域,告警就发生。而二次雷达模型类似于圆柱体,圆柱体底面圆半径取决于飞机间隔的大小。空间模型建立起,并完成伪代码的设计。文章紧接着进行系统的需求分析。多模式防撞协同监视仿真系统是个展示软件,把后台的一些数学模型,转化为声音、图像和数据的方式显示在界面上。系统以WindowsXP为开发平台,以Visual Basic 6.0为开发工具进行的,后台采用Active控件Mapx 5.0第三方控件,使用的数据库系统是Access 2003。最后要实现的功能是,通过点击在地图上生成飞机,也可以通过输入经纬度坐标在地图上生成飞机。航线的设计分为:定制航线方式和自由飞行模式。航迹回放使用ACCESS 2003作为后台数据库,存放数据,在需要的时候读取出来。论文还列出系统辅助函数的实现,系统要完整的实现,离不开各个子模块的实现,包括:坐标变换的实现、大圆航线的实现、飞机属性的实现。当仿真结果要显示在界面时,需要的界面模块的实现,包括:飞机声音和闪烁告警的实现、飞机尾迹线的实现、预处理航迹的实现,最后进行界面的展示。论文所有函数实现采用伪代码的方式,如果需要用到某些模块,只需要改成相应的编程语言,就可以直接的使用。就目前的地面设备和机载设备而言,TCASII是最后的防线,如果出现TCASII告警,则应该立即执行TCASII的应急程序。但如果ADS-B机载设备包括CDTI,则间隔标准可以考虑缩小到TCASII的间隔。所以有人预计,自动相关监视(ADS)设备的使用将使飞机目前的间隔减小至仅使用TCASII的时间隔值。而现在我们学院训练使用较大的间隔标准。在飞机定位和导航精度极大提高以后,如果还采用较大的间隔无疑会造成空域的浪费。在进行多模式防撞系统监视系统的研究后,可以充分利用飞机定位和导航精度极大提高这一优势,缩小飞行间隔。【英文摘要】The basic purpose of air traffic controllers is to prevent aircraft and aircraft and between aircraft collided with obstacles between. First in control procedures taken safe safeguard, completed the interval first line of defense. Rely on the detection, discovery and TCAS of traffic hedge, alerting provides the second line of defence and third line of defence. However, with the development of science and technology, airborne warning system, ground monitoring system more advanced precision continuously improve but couldnt eradicate aircraft collided during operation of the hidden danger. May So, in paper writing process, the author dedicated to “multimodal impact-proof collaborative surveillance simulation system” research. System can pass adjust every monitoring system of warning threshold, the collaborative surveillance in multimodal circumstance, exploring conflicts, predict and found the alarm the potential risk of danger close to, and puts forward some opinions and disposal reference decision-making advice.Firstly, starting from three monitoring system, which TCAS, ADS - B, SSR, introduces an overview of the composition and principle of the three, finally describes their development status. On this basis, a three-dimensional model of space model, and the realization of the algorithm. In the study found, to build TCAS 3d space model is feasible, but it is not feasible in the system implementation, so the author abandon establish 3d coordinate methods, and use water-dividing peace vertical direction discussed two cases. Conflict in simultaneously meet only the horizontal and vertical alarm threshold conditions, can happen. The conflict threshold is TCAS based on time, build equivalent to irregular oval, ADS - B model is a cuboid, as long as it is invaded machine into the cuboid area, alerting occurs. And secondary radar model similar to the cylinder and the cylinder underside circle radius depends on the size of the separation. Space model established, and complete the design of pseudo-code.Article systematically demand analysis followed . Many mode impact-proof collaborative surveillance simulation system is a demonstration software to some of the mathematical model, the background for voice, video and transformation of the way the data display screen. System to WindowsXP for development platform, with Visual Basic 6.0 as a development tool, using Active control Mapx 5.0 background, the use of third party controls database system is Access. 2003. Finally, to achieve the function is generated by clicking on the plane on the map, but can be by input geodetic coordinates system on the map generating plane. Course design is divided into: custom routes mode and free flight mode. Track playback use ACCESS 2003, store data as the backend database, and when it is read out.This paper also list system realization of the auxiliary function, the system will complete realization, the realization of each child module can coordinate transformation, including: the realization, the realization of the great circle route, and the realization of the plane attributes. When the simulation results to show in the interface, need the realization of the interface module, including: the realization of voice and flashing warning the realization of aircraft wake line, the realization of the track, pretreatment, the last show of the interface. Papers all function pseudo-code way by certain modules, if need to use, only need to change the corresponding programming language, you can directly use.As the current ground equipment and onboard equipment is concerned, TCASII is the last defence alarms, if appear, it should be implemented immediately TCASII emergency response procedures. But if ADS - B onboard equipment includes CDTI standard can consider, the interval TCASII narrowed to the interval. So some predicted, automatic relevant surveillance (ADS) equipment use will make the plane is currently interval reduced to use only the TCASII the interval value. And now we use larger interval training institute standard. In plane positioning and navigation precision greatly enhance later, if still adopt the larger intervals will undoubtedly cause airspace waste . In many mode anti-collision system research, monitoring system can make full use of plane positioning and navigation precision greatly enhance this advantage, narrow flight intervals.【关键词】多模式 防撞系统 TCAS 监视系统 MAPX【英文关键词】multimodal Anti-collision system TCAS Surveillance system MAPX【目录】多模式防撞协同监视仿真系统研究摘要5-7Abstract7-8第1章 绪论11-161.1 引言11-131.2 论文研究背景131.3 论文研究价值13-141.4 关键技术研究141.5 本论文研究工作14-16第2章 监视系统分析与研究16-292.1 机载防撞系统TCAS 的研究16-192.1.1 TCAS 的概述16-172.1.2 TCAS 组成和工作原理17-192.1.3 TCAS 的发展状况192.2 ADS-B 监视系统的研究19-252.2.1 ADS-B 的概述202.2.2 ADS-B 的组成和工作原理20-232.2.3 ADS-B 的发展状况23-252.3 二次雷达的相关研究25-282.3.1 SSR 的概述252.3.2 SSR 的组成和工作原