四六级冲刺必会语法.doc

沪江网校沪江四六级四六级语法虚拟语气虚拟语气在考试中比较常见。尤其是在听力中经常出现。它主要是表达一种“假设”或者“推测”，而不是客观显示中的真实事件。因为主要通过动词的变化来反应不同的情况，所以如果不熟悉虚拟语气的基本表示方法，会直接影响听力。同时翻译中也经常使用。如果想得高分，要学好这个语法点，争取在翻译部分多拿点分：基本规则：条件从句主句与现在事实相反动词过去式should/would+动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词should/ would +have+过去分词与将来事实可能相反动词过去式/were to/shouldshould/ would +动词原形与现在事实相反：If Iwereyou , Iwould apply forthe job.与过去事实相反：If Ihad takenyour advice, Iwouldnt have madesuch mistake.与将来事实相反：If itrainedtomorrow, Iwouldstay at home.真题翻译示例：例1：Theyrequestedthat_(我借的书还回图书馆)by next Friday.1. 动词request引导的从句应用虚拟语气2. 虚拟语气的表达方式：should+动词原形，此题则为：should return3.按句意顺序译，得出答案：I should return the book to library例2：The victim_(本来有机会活下来)if hehad been takento hospital in time.1.一看句意有“本来”，十之八九为虚拟语气2.二看时态推后了，本该过去时，却用过去完成时，因此一定考虚拟3.按句意译为：would have a chance to survive哪些动词及其与他们相关的名词，从句需虚拟语气？一想要(desire)二宁愿(prefer)三命令(order. command)四建议(advice. suggest. propose)五要求(demand. require. request. ask. insist)，另加一个wish实战练习：1. It is strange that he _ so.A. would say B. would speakC. should say D. will speak2. My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _ there.A. not went B. wont goC. not go D. not to go3. I wish that I _ with you last night.A. went B. could goC. have gone D. could have gone4. If you had told me in advance, I _ him at the airport.A. would meet B. would had metC. would have met D. would have meet5. Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he _ me how.A. teaches B. will teachC. has taught D. would teach6. I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _ the book from which it was made.A. have read B. had readC. should have read D. are reading7. You are late. If you _ a few minutes earlier, you _ him.A. come; would meet B. had come; would have metC. come; will meet D. had come; would meet8. If she could sew, _.A. she make a dress B. she would have made a shirtC. she will make a shirt D. she would had made a coat9. If I _ you, I _ more attention to English idioms and phrases.A. was; shall pay B. am; will payC. would be; would payD. were; would pay10. Had I known her name, _A. or does she know mine? B. and where does she live?C. she would be beautiful.D. I would have invited her to lunch.【答案&解析】1. C 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. B 7.B 8. B 9.D 10. D1. It is strange that是主语从句的虚拟语气，从句用sb. should do的形式。2. suggest后面的从句用sb. should do的形式，should可以省略。3. 虚拟语气。wish从句后接虚拟语气。could have done表示“本来可以”。4. in advance表示“事先”， would have done表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。5. wish的宾语从句表示发生在将来的愿望用过去将来时。6. wish后面用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。7. 条件句表示与过去事实相反，主句用过去将来完成时，从句用