人大商学院博士入学考试试题.doc

人大商学院博士入学考试试题专业：企业管理、技术经济和管理、财务管理一、科目：经济学时间：2002年1、论市场经济理论与实践（50分）2、入世与我国产业结构调整（50分）时间：2003年1、分析通货紧缩的成因及治理对策（40分）2、试析中国大陆对外开放政策的经济含义（30分）3、试论国有经济管理体制改革与经济发展的关系（30分）时间：2004年1、论述经济活动中边际效益递增的条件和选择策略（25分）2、试述技术变革对市场结构的影响（25分）3、试分析我国经济高速增长下劳动工资趋向（25分）4、试分析我国生产要素总供给和总需求及当前经济情况（25分）时间：2005年1、试分析周期理论主要流派（25分）2、试用结构行为绩效框架分析我国市场经济结构及其效应（25分）3、试用社会成本、企业成本（私人成本）和政府矫正外部性政策原理，论述循环经济与可持续发展的关系（25分）4、试用规模经济理论，分析企业兼并或收购的经济效应（25分）二、科目：企业管理人大商学院博士研究生入学考试试题企业管理（2002-2005）专业：技术经济和管理科目：企业管理时间：2002年1、从理论与实践结合上论述中国企业信息化建设（50分）2、论入世后中国企业管理创新（50分）时间：2003年1、论述现代企业管理学派的形成和演变（40分）2、论述企业核心能力及其理论基础（40分）3、简述市场营销组合策略（10分）4、简述企业人力资源管理的内涵（10分）时间：2004年1、试述知识管理的目标和主要内容（10分）2、试析“平衡计分卡”原理（10分）3、论述“以人为本”管理理论和实践（40分）4、论述企业可持续成长战略（40分）时间：2005年1、试用国家竞争力理论分析我国企业跨国经营的条件和障碍（30分）2、论民营企业的的再创业（30分）3、论信息化和管理变革（40分）时间：2006年1.现代企业管理学派的形成和演变（40分）2、论述企业核心能力及其理论基础（40分）3、简述市场营销组合策略（10分）4、简述企业人力资源管理的内涵（10分）本人参加了07年的博士入学考试,凭记忆考题大致是这样的,希望对打算报考人大博士的战友们有点帮助!1经济学:1现代经济学中关于企业的理论2全球化与信息化对民族企业的影响3用效用理论分析价格和品质变化对竞争力的影响4IS-LM-BP模型分析宏观政策对企业的影响2企业管理:1.定义企业家精神,并说明原因2.如何建立企业文化(记的不是很清楚了)3.企业的社会责任2007人大考博企业管理因为是凭记忆的，所以可能不太准确1、如何定义企业家精神，为什么？2、从理论和实践的角度分析如何在绩效导向的企业中营造创新氛围？3、论述企业对相关群体的社会责任？原创2007年人大商学院财务管理博士入学考试试题1经济学1、论企业的性质2、全球化和信息化背景下中国民族企业的发展战略。3、说明企业产品价格变化和品质变化对企业竞争力的影响4、用IS-LM-BP曲线的基本原理来说明当今宏观经济均衡的机理形成机制，以及对企业经营环境的影响财务理论1、国家法律体系对我国债券市场发展的影响2、股票指数期权对股票指数变动的影响3、说明企业创新与企业融资的关系4、试对企业资本结构理论各流派做简单评析5、如何提高企业集团财务战略的执行力6、关于企业分配理论的一个研究方案的设计2004人大考博英语真题客观题部分请用铅笔将此部分试题的答案填涂在答题卡上，否则无效！II. Vocabulary (10 points)PartA (5 points)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked iL B, C arm 1). Choose the:one thatbest completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET 1.Example:She prefers foreign wine to that produced_A. previously B. vLrtually C. primarily D. domesticallyThe sentence should read,; She prefers foreign wine to that producedomesticany. Therefore, you should choose D. Sample Answer A B C D 1. International sport should create goodwill between the nations, but in thepresent organization of the Olympics somehow encourages_ patriotism.A. obsolete B. aggressive C. harmonious D. amiableZ One call understand others much better by noting the immediate andfleeting reactions of their eyes and _ to expressed thoughts.A. dilemmas B. countenances C. concessions D. junctions3. People innately _ for superiority over their peers although itsometimes takes the form of an exaggerated lust for power.A. strive B. ascertain C. justify D. adhere4. Some scientists have suggested that Earth is a kind of, zoo or wildlife for intelligent space beings, like the wilderness areas we have setup on earth to allow animals to develop naturally while we observe them.A. conservation B. maintenance C. storage D. reserve5. According to the latest report, consumer confidence_ a breathtaking15 points .last month, to its lowest level in 9 years.A. soared B. mutated C. plummeted D. fluctuated6. Melissa is a computer_ that destroyed files in computers and frustrated thousands of users around the world.A. genius B. vires C. disease D. bacteria7. The emphasis:on examinations is iby far the. worst form of competition in schools.A. negligent B. edible C. fabulous D. disproportionate8. The boy seemed more _ to their poverty, after seeing how his grandparents lived.A. reconciled B. consolidatedC. deteriorated D. attributed9. During his two-month stay, in China, Tom never_ a chance to practice his Chinese.A. passed on B. passed up C. passed by D. passed out10. When a person dies, his debts must be paid before his _ can be distributed.A. paradoxes B. legacies C. platitudes D. analoginPart B (5 points)Directions: In each of the following sentences there is one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that is closest in meaning to the underiined part. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET I.Example:The secretary is Very competent; she can finish all these letters within one . ;.,ca, ODebour.A. careful B. industrious C. clever D. capableIn this sentence, competent is closest -;n m e:zting to capable. Thereforeyou should choose D. Sample Answer A B C DD11. He claims that advertising today tends to portray women in traditional roles such as cooking or taking care of the baby.A. depict B. advocate D; criticize D. analyze12,. They achieved more than they had eyer dreamed, lending a magic tO theirfamily story that no tale or ordinary life could possibly rival.A.confirm B. achieve C.match D exaggerate 13. The most urgent thing is to find a dump. for those toxic_ industrial wastes.A. imminent B. recyclable C. smelly D. poisonousi4. British Prime Minister Tony Blair promised the electorate that guns wouldnor be fired without an attempt to win a further U.N.sanction.A. allies B. delegates C. voters D. juries 15. The analysis suggests that the tradeoff between our :childrens college andour own retirement security is ,chilling.A. frightening B. promising C. freezing D. revealing16. Their signing of the treaty was regarded as a conspiracy against the BritishCrown.A. secret plan B. bold attack C. clever design D. joint effort17. Evidence, reference, and foomotes by the thousand testify to a scrupulousresearcher who does considerable justice to a full range of differentbeorefical and political positions.A. trustworthy B. intelligent C. diligent D. meticulous18. Despite their spartan, isolated lifestyle, them are no stories of womenbeing raped or wanton violence against civilians in the region.A. intriguing B. exasperating: C. demonstrative D. unprovoked19. The gang derived their nickname from their dark clothing and blacked upfaces for .nocturnal raids in the forest.A. illegal B. night-time C, brutal D. abusive20. Though sometimes too lazy to work as hard as her sisters, Linda has amore avid fondness for the limelight,A. mercurial B, gallant C. ardent D. frugalIII. Cloze (10 points)Directions : Read the following passage. Choose the best word for eachnumbered blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across thesquare bracket on Answer Sheet I.Like many other aspects of the computer age, Yahoo began as an idea,_ 21 _ into a hobby and Iately has _22 _ into a full- time passion. Thetwo developers of Yahoo, David Filo and Jerry Yang, Ph. D candidates_ 23 _ Electrical Engineering at Stanford University, started theirguide inApril 1994 as a way to keep 24 of their personal interest on the Intemet.Before long they _25 _ that their home,brewed lists were becoming toolong and _ 26_ Gradually they began to spend more andmore time onYahoo. During 1994, they _ 27_ yahoo into a customized database designedto_28_ the needs of the thousands of users_29_ began to use theservice through the closely _ 30_ Intemet community. They developedcustomized software to help them_ 31 _ locate, identify and edit material_32_ on the Intemet. The name Yahoo is _ 33_ to stand for Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle. but Filo and Yang insist they selectedthe _34 _ because they considered themselves yahoos. Yahoo? itself first_ 35 _ on Yangs workstation, akebono, while the search engine was_ 36 _ on Filos computer, Konishiki. In early 1995 Marc Andreessen, co-founder of Netscape Communicationin Mountain View, California, invited Filo and Yang to move their files_ 37_ to larger computers _38_ at Netscape. As a result Stanfordscomputer network returned to _ 39_ , and both parties benefiasc. Today,Yahoo_ 40 _ organized information on tens of thousands of computerslinked to the web.1. A. became B. grew C. mm D. intend2. A. made B. saw C. looked D. turned3. A. in B. on C. about D. fer4. A. touch ?. contact C. n-ack D. record 5. A. founded E. found C. argued D. reported6. A. unwieldy B. tough C. tamable D invaluable 7. A. exchanged B. shank C. sold D. converted8. A. explain B. serve C. discover D. evaluate9. A. which B. that C. actually D. eagerly10. A. relative B. interactive C.bound D. contacted11. A. fluently B. efficiently C.exactly D. actually 12. A. transmitted B. purchased C. sold D.13. A. about B. bound C. going D. supposedI4. A. fable B. model C. name D. brand15. A. supported B. resided C. lived D. launched16. A. connected B. lodged C. introduced D. linked17. A. over B, away C. inside D. beneath18. A. housed B. caught C. hosed D. bidden19. A. average B. normal C. ordinary D. equal20. A. attains B.detains C. maintains D. containsIV. Reading Comprehension (20 points)Directions: Read the following passages, decideon the best one of the choicesmarked A, B, C, and D for each question or unfinished statement and then markthe corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on theANSWER SHEET.Passage 1 Guthries contiguity principle offers practical suggestions for how to breakbabies. One application of the thrcshoM method involves the time young childrenspend on academic activities. Young children have short attention spans, so thelength of time they can sustain work on one activity is limited. Most activitiesare scheduled to last no longer than 30 to 40 minutes. However, at the start ofthe school year, attention spans quickly wane and behavior problems often result. To apply Gutiaries theory, a teacher might, at the start of the year, limitactivities to 15 to 20 minutes. Over the next few weeks the teacher could gredually increase the time students spend working on a single activity. The threshold methoci also can be applied to teaching printing abd handwriting. When children first learn to form letters, their movementsawkward and they lack free motor coordination. The distances between lines ona page are purposely wide so children can fit the letters into the space. If paperwith narrow lines is initially introduced, students letters would spill over theborders and students might become frustrated. Once students can form letters within the larger borders, they can use paper with smaller borders to help themrefine their skills. The fatigue method can be applied when disciplining disruptive students who build paper airplanes and sail them across the room. The teacher canremove the students from the classroom, We them a large stack of paper, andtell them to start making paper airplanes. After the students have made several airplanes, the activity should lose its attraction and paper will become a cue fornot building airplanes. Some students continually race around the gym when they first enter theirphysical education class. To employ the fatigue method, theteacher mightdecide to have these students continue to run a few more laps after the class hasbegun. The incompatible response method can be used with students who talk and misbehave in the media center. Reading is incompatible with talking. Themedia center teacher might ask the studentsto find interesting books and readthem while in the center. Assuming that the studentS find the books enjoyable,the media center will, over time, become a cue for selecting and reading booksrather than for talking with other students.In a social studies class some students regularly fall asleep. The teacherrealized that using the board and overhead projector while lecturing was very boring. Soon the teacher began to incorporate other elements into each lesson,such as experiments, videotapes, and debates, in an attempt to involvs studentsand raise their interest in the course.41. The purpose of this passage is to_A. inform B. persuade C. debate D. narrate42. Guthrie identified three methods for_A. educating students B. altering bad habitsC. avoiding undesired action D. forming good hobbies43. Which of the following is not the example of applying the threshold method?A. Parents introduce spinach in small bites or mixed with a food than the child enjoys over time so that the child will not refuse to eat it.B. Teachers introduce academic content in short blocks of time for young children and gradually increase session length but not to where students become frustrated or bored.C. Paper with wider lines is first used and then paper with narrow lines is introduced step by step to help children learn printing and handwriting.D. A child might be made to throw toys until it is no longer fan by his parents in order to change his behavior of repeatedly throwing toys.44. To stop snacking while watching television, people should keep their handsbusy by sewing, painting, working crossword puzzles, and so forth. Overtime. watching TV becomes a cue for engaging in an activity other thansnac king. What method is used in this example?A. The threshold method. B. The fatigue method.C. The incompatible response method. D. The punishment method.45. We can draw the conclusion from the passage thatA. The incompatible response method is to force child to make unwanted response repeatedly in presence of stimulus until he or she becomes exhaustedB. The threshold method refers to introducing undesired behavior with a response incompatible with the undesired response so they can not be performed simultaneously C. The fatigue method means that engaging in the behavior is transformde into avoiding it by introducing the stimulus at full strength so it becomes a cue for not performing itD. The fatigue method is that in presence of stimulus teachers have child make response incompatible with unwanted responsePassage 2The increase in global trade means that international companies cannotafford to make costly advertising mistakes if they want to be competitive.Understanding the language and culture of target markets in foreigncountries is one of the keys to successful international marketing. Too manycompanies, however, have jumped into foreign markets with embarrassingwralts .Translation mistakes are at the heart of many blunders in internationaladvertising.General Motors, the US auto manufacturer, got a costly lesson when itintroduced its Chevrole Nova to the Puerto Rican market. Nova is Latin fornew (star) and means star in many languages, but in spoken Spanish it cansound like no va, meaning it doesnt go. Few people wanted to buy a carwith that cursed meaning. When GM changed the name to Caribe, salespicked up dramatically.Marketing blunders have also been made by food and beverage companies.3ne American food companys friendly Jolly Green Giant (for advertising,egetables) became something quite different when it was translated intoArabic as Intimidating Green Ogre.When translated into German Pepsis popular slogan, Come Alive withPepsi came out implying Come Alive from the Grave. No wonder customersin Germany didnt rush out to buy Pepsi.Successful international marketing doesnt stop with goodranslafions-,-other aspects of culture must be researched and understood ffaarketers are to avoid blunders.When marketers do not understand and appreciate the values, tastes,geography, climate, superstitions, religion, or economy of a culture, they fail tocapture their target market.For example, an American designer tried to introduce a new pentare ihtothe Latin American market but the product aroused little interest. The mailreason was that the camellia used in it was traditionally used for funerals inmany South American countries. Having awakened to the special nature of foreign advertising, companiesare becoming much more conscientious in their translations and more sensitiveto cultural distinctions. The best way to prevent errors is to hire professional translators whounderstand the target language and its idiomatic usage, or to use a technique called back translation to reduce the possibility of blunders. The process uses one person to translate a message into the targetlanguage and another to translate it back. Effective translators aim to capturethe, overall message of an advertisement because a word-for-word duplicationof the original rarely conveys the intended meaning and often causesmisunderstandings.In designing advertisements for other countries, messages need to be shotand simple.They should also avoid jokes, since what is considered funny in one part of the world may not be so humorous in another.46. The best title of this passage might be _ .A. Culture Is Very Important ia AdvertishagB. Avoid Cultural Misunderstanding between NationsC. Overcome Cultural Shock in Different CountriesD. Advertisements Reflect Various Life Styles47. What does the word blunder mean in this passage?A. hesitation B. mistake C. stutter D. default48. Which of the following statements can be used to summarize the gist fromParagraph 3 to Paragraph 6?A. Cultural shocks B. Faulty translati