【免费】沪教版牛津八年级下册英语第五单元教案设计.doc

龙文教育-您值得信赖的专业化个性化辅导学校沪教版牛津八年级下册英语第五单元教案设计 (桂林路校区)一、 授课内容：（一） 单词：sight视力n.She lost her sight in an accident.soul灵魂n.We are praying for the souls of those who died in the accident.balance平衡能力n.The child couldnt keep his balance on his new bicycle.line线条n.Draw a thick black line across the page.drama戏剧性事件n.Why is there so little drama in my life?reception接待处n.Leave your key at reception.exclaim惊叫；呼喊v.The children exclaimed with excitement.bark(狗)吠叫v.Dogs always bark at strangers.guest房客；旅客n.We have three guests to dinner.lead带路；引领v.He led us to his home.personally本人；亲自adv.Personally, I think he is dishonest, but many people trust him.sensible明智的adj.If you are sensible, you will study for another year.describe描述v.She described her childhood as a time of wonder and discovery.alarm警报器n.The cat set off the alarm.surface表面n.The table had a shiny surface, but underneath it was rough.dead不运作的adj.The hard disk seems to be dead.cough咳嗽v.The child was coughing all night.seem好像；似乎v.The child seems healthy, but the doctor is concerned.wave挥手v.She waved her hand to say goodbye.lend借给；借出v.Can you lend me that book for a few days?event重要事情n.The next event will be the 100-metre race.（二） 短语belong to属于The islands belong to Spain.at once立即；马上Please come here at once!fire alarm火警报警器Please be calm when the fire alarm rings.as soon as一就I will give the letter to you as soon as I get it.go off(警报器等)突然发出巨响 When the fire alarm goes off, you must leave the building as quickly as possible.save ones life救了某人的命The doctors saved the childs life by operation.book in预定旅馆房间；办理登记手续The latest representatives booked in at 3 oclock.be welcome欢迎You are always welcome in my home.allow sb to do 允许某人做某事Allow me to introduce Miss Mary.sound like听上去像+名词Dont tell me how to do my homework. That sounds like my mother.leadto将带领到The man led all the horses to the stable.the location of的位置Have they decided on the location of the new building yet?be located in/on 坐落于The shop is located in the centre of the town.in ones own word 用某人自己的话讲John tells us in his own words what happened next.have a word with 和某人说句话Can I have a word with you?in other word换句话说Joe doesnt like hard work -in other words, hes lazy!keep ones word 守信Claire said she would come, and she kept her word .word for word逐字地Ian repeated word for word what you told him.just then就在那时Just then, someone knocked at the front door.moments later过了一会儿Moments later, I heard a voice.（三） 语法: 人称代词；物主代词；反身代词；时间状语从句；原因状语从句；让步状语从句1 代词人称代词人称代词的变格形式 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 主格：I/we you/you he she it/they宾格：me/us you/you him her it/them人称代词的句子角色 1) 人称代词的主格在句子中作主语John waited a while but eventually he went home.约翰等了一会儿，最后他回家了。说明：在复合句中，如果主句和从句主语相同，代词主语要用在从句中，名词主语用在主句中 例如：When he arrived, John went straight to the bank.约翰一到就直接去银行了。2)人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语，第一人称在省略句中，还可以作主语，例如：I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her.我看到她和他们在一起，至少我认为是她。(her做宾语，them做介词宾语，her做主语补语)注意：在动词be或to be后的人称代词视其前面的名词或代词而定。I thought it was she.我以为是她。(主格-主格)I thought it to be her.(宾格-宾格)I was taken to be she.我被当成了她。(主格-主格)They took me to be her.他们把我当成了她。(宾格-宾格)物主代词表示关系的代词叫做物主代词。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。物主代词有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数的物主代词还有性的变化。物主代词列表第一人称单数第二人称单数第三人称单数my mine 我的 your yours 你的 his his 他的her hers 她的its its 它的第一人称复数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数our ours 我们的your yours 你们的their theirs 他们的、她们的、它们的物主代词的用法1）物主代词既有表示所属的作用又有指代作用，例如：John had cut his finger; apparently there was a broken glass on his desk. 约翰割破了手指，显而易见，他桌子上有个破玻璃杯。（物主代词有形容词性（my, your等）和名词性（mine, yours等）两种，形容词性的物主代词属于限定词。）（名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心名词的-s属格结构，例如：Jacks cap意为The cap is Jacks. His cap意为The cap is his.)2) 名词性物主代词的句法功能a. 作主语，例如：May I use your pen? Yours works better.我可以用一用你的钢笔吗？ 你的比我的好用。b. 作宾语，例如：I love my motherland as much as you love yours.我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。c. 作介词宾语，例如：Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours.你应当按我所用的词义去解释我说的话，而不能按你自己的意义去解释。d. 用于“a/ an/ this/ that/ some/ no+名词+of+名词性物主代词”结构中作定语在这个句型中，名词性物主代词在句子中作定语，表示部分与整体的关系。如：A friend of mine has gone to America. 我的一个朋友去美国了。反身代词反身代词是一种表示反射或强调的代词。它的基本含义是：通过反身代词指代主语，使施动者把动作在形式上反射到施动者自己。因此，反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称、性质、数上保持一致。如：1）A marked bee fed itself from the dish and returned to the hive.一只做了标记的蜜蜂从盘中喂饱自己以后就飞回蜂箱了。（itself 与 bee 在人称、性质、数上保持一致）2）In 1955 Walt Disney himself opened the first Disney park.1955年，沃尔特.迪斯尼亲自创办了第一个迪斯尼公园。（himself 与 Walt Disney 在人称、性质、数上保持一致） 反身代词的构成：1、第一、二人称的反身代词是由形容词性物主代词加上-self或-selves构成的。如：I-myselfwe-ourselves you（单数）- yourselfyou（复数）- yourselves2、第三人称的反身代词是由人称代词的宾格加上-self或-selves构成的。如：she-herselfhe -himself it-itselfthey-themselvesone-oneself 反身代词的用法1、作宾语，此时的宾语指的就是主语。a. 有些动词需有反身代词absent, bath, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, behaveWe enjoyed ourselves very much last night.我们昨晚玩得很开心。Please help yourself to some fish.请你随便吃点鱼。b. 用于及物动词+宾语+介词take pride in, be annoyed with, help oneself to sth.I could not dress (myself) up at that time.那个时候我不能打扮我自己。注：反身代词和人称代词作宾语时具有不同的含义。如：He saw himself in the mirror.他在镜子里看见了他自己。（himself 和 he 为同一人）He saw him in the mirror.他在镜子里看见了他。（him 显然指另外一人）2、 作表语，此时的表语指的就是主语。I am not myself today.我今天不舒服。3、作同位语The thing itself is not important.事情本身并不重要。4、 在不强调的情况下，but, except, for 等介词后宾语用反身代词或人称代词宾格均可。如：No one but myself (me) is hurt.5、作主语a. 反身代词本身不能单独作主语。(错) Myself drove the car.(对) I myself drove the car.我自己开车。b. 但在and, or, nor连接的并列主语中，第二个主语可用反身代词，特别是myself 作主语。Charles and myself saw it.6、反身代词常用于某此固定搭配中。如：all by oneself 独自 learn by oneself 自学 think to oneself 暗暗地想say to oneself 自言自语 leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下 teach oneself 自学2 状语从句时间状语从句概念：在复合句中，由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句。(在复合句中，要注意主句和从句的时态大多都要保持一致。）1.由when, while, as，after,before,since,untill,引导的时间状语从句。例如： When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something.当你以为自己一无所知的时候，你就是在开始知道一些事物了。 Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。 You can feel the air moving as your hand pushes through it. 当你的手在空气中挥动的时候，你就能感觉到空气在流动。 【区别】when, while和as的区别：when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。并且when有时表示“就在那时”。例如： When she came in, I stopped eating.她进来时，我在吃饭。(瞬时动词) When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.当的住在农村时，我常常为他担水。（延续性的动词） While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比。例如： While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (was reading是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching同时发生) I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。（对比） As表示“一边一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后。例如： We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。（as表示“一边一边”） As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间） 2.由before和after引导的时间状语从句。注意before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语，并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，才”。还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的主句谓语用的是过去时，则从句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反。例如： It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来。 Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.爱因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我。 After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔细考虑过以后，告诉我你是怎样决定的。 After we had finished the work, we went home.完成工作之后，我们回家了。（从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时） 3.由till或until引导的时间状语从句。till和until一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until。并且要注意的是：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。till不可以用在句首，而until可以放在句首。例如： I didnt go to bed until（till） my father came back.直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。 It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.直到散会之后他才开始教我英语。 I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止。 I didnt work until he came back.他回来我这才开始工作。 Please wait until I arrived.在我到达之前请等我。 4.由since引导的时间状语从句。 since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is 时间since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。例如： I have been in Beijing since you left. 自从你离开以来，我一直在北京了。 It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. 我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。 5.由as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 等引导的时间状语从句。这些连词都表示“一就”。例如： I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast. 吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。 The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot.我一听到消息，马上赶到了出事地点。 As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up. 我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。 【注意】hardly(scarcely, rarely)when / before, no soonerthan相当于as soon as之意。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。当hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首时，主句应用倒装语序。例如： He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 他刚到家，就被邀请开始另一旅程。 No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work.太阳刚从地平线上升起，他就起床劳动去了。 Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in.我刚坐下，他就进来了。 He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder.这个阿拉伯人刚要入睡就感到肩膀上被轻轻一触。 6.由by the time引导的时间状语从句。注意时态的变化：在一般情况下，如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词用过去完成时；如果从句的谓语动词用一般现在时，主句的谓语动词用将来完成时。例如： By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回来时，我已经写完这本书了。 By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work. 你明天来这儿的时候，我将已经完成此工作了。 7.由each time, every time和whenever引导的时间状语从句。Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me. 他每次来哈尔滨，总是来看我。 Whenever that man says“To tell the truth”, I suspect that hes about to tell a lie.每当那个人说“说实在话”的时候，我猜想他就要说谎了。 You grow younger every time I see you. 每次遇到你，见你更年轻了。 8.由as long as和so long as引导的时间状语从句。这两个连词表示“只要“例如： You can go where you like as long as you get back before dark. 你可以随意到哪里去，只要在天黑以前回来就行。 I will fight against these conditions as long as there is a breath in my body! 只要我一息尚存，我就要反对这种境况。原因状语从句一、引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要的有because, as, since,for，seeing (that), now (that), considering (that)，in that等：The woolly shrank because it was washed badly. 毛衣因洗得不得法而缩水。I cant get to sleep because of the noise outside. 由于外面声音嘈杂我睡不着。Since As weve no money, we cant buy it. 由于我们没钱，我们无法购买它。Seeing that its raining, wed better stay indoors. 既然外边在下雨，我们最好待在室内。Now that you are here, youd better stay. 你既然来了，最好还是留下吧(既来之，则安之)。【注】除以上提到的大家比较熟悉的引导原因状语从句的从属连词外，when有时也可引导原因状语从句(when表示“既然”)I wont tell you when you wont listen. 既然你不想听，我就不告诉你了。二、关于notbecause结构该结构中的否定词有时否定主句，有时否定从句，一般要根据句子的意思作出正确或合乎逻辑的理解。若not否定主句，最好在because之前用逗号，否则会引起歧义，如下句在没有特定上下文时就有两种解释：I didnt go because I was afraid. 我没有去是因为怕。/ 我不是因为怕才去。不过若because之前有just修饰，一般认为not 是否定从句的：You shouldnt get angry just because some people speak ill of you. 你不要因为有人说你坏话而生气。三、because习惯上不与so连用汉语习惯上说“因为所以”，但英语习惯上却不能将 so与because 连用：因为下雨，所以我们呆在家里。正：Because it was raining, we stayed at home. / It was raining, so we stayed at home.误：Because it was raining, so we stayed at home. 四、because 从句与 because of短语的转换Because引导的原因状语从句有时可与because of 短语转换：He cant come because he is ill. / He cant come because of his illness. 他因病不能来。I said nothing about it because his wife was there. / I said nothing about it because of his wifes being there. 因为他妻子在那儿，我对此事只字未提。比较：because, since, as和for 1. because引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后， because表示直接原因， 语气最强， 最适合回答 why引导的疑问句。例如： I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。注意： “not . because”结构中的not否定的是because引导的整个从句， 例如： The country is not strong because it is large. 国强不在大。2. since引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、 显然的理由(通常被翻译成“既然”)， 较为正式， 语气比because弱。例如： Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics. 既然今天你休息， 你最好帮我补习数学。注意： seeing (that)， now (that)， considering (that)， in that这几个词汇与since引导的原因状语从句意思相近， 都表示“既然”。例如： Seeing (that) he refused to help us, theres no reason that we should now help him. 他既然曾经拒绝帮助我们， 我们现在没有理由要来帮助他。Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents. 既然你长大了， 就不应该依靠你的父母了。Considering (that) everybody is here, lets begin our discussion. 既然大家都到了， 我们就开始讨论吧。In that he is ill, he feels unable to do it. 因为有病， 他觉得做不了那件事。3. as 引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”， 语气比since弱， 较为正式， 位置较为灵活(常放于主句之前)。例如： As it is raining, youd better take a taxi. 既然在下雨， 你最好乘出租汽车。As you are tired, you had better rest. 既然累了， 你最好休息一下。I went to bed early, as I was exhausted. 我睡得早， 因为我筋疲力尽了。4. for引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因， 只提供一些辅助性的补充说明， for引导的原因状语从句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。例如： He could not have seen me, for I was not there. 他不可能见过我， 因为我不在那里。让步状语从句让步状语从句常由连词though或although引导。though和although意为“虽然”，都不能和but连用，但是它们都可以与yet 或still连用。试比较：虽然他很富有，然而他并不快乐。误 Although he is rich but he is not happy.正 Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.尽管我们已经长大了，可是我们的父母仍把我们看作小孩。正 Though we have grown up, our parents treat us as children.正 Although we have grown up, our parents still treat us as children.（四） 语法练习人称代词，物主代词，反身代词练习题一；用适当的代词填空。 1.Is that car yours? Yes, it is _. 2.How is Mr Li? _is fine, thanks. 3.Put on_ hat! I am going to put it on. 4.Who is that over here? It is_. 5.The old man lives by _. 6.I am sure I can do it all by _. 7.Look,is this room beautiful? I painted it _. 8.Id like to go for a walk. _ too. 9.What are _jobs? They are students. 10.We think to _. 11.Mary is old enough to take care of _. 12.It is perfume, I made it _. 13.Look at _. She is very well. 14.Can you carry this box upstairs by _. 15.You and she did very well in the test. The teacher said that he would praise _ and_. 16.The story _was very good, but you are did not tell it well. 17.Give Jane this watch. Give_ this one too. 18.Sara is not pleased with _in this English test. 19.Did you enjoy _at the party yesterday? 20.She wants to buy a car of _own. 二：选择填空. 1.Mr. More has more money than Mr. Little . But he doesnt enjoy _. A. he B. him C. his D. himself 2. Lily was 9 years old. _ was old enough to go to school _. A. She , she B. She , herself C. Her, herself D. Her. she 3. Jims watch is much newer than _. A. hers B.she C. her D. herself 4.Would you like _for super? A: something Chinese B：Chinese something C: anything Chinese D: Chinese anything 5._ piano is too old ,but she still liked playing it. A. She B. She s C. Hers D. Her 6.-Who taught you English last year? - Nobody taught me . I taught _. A. me B. myself C. mine D. I 7.That bike is _? Ahe B. him C. his D. it 8. We bought _ a present, but _ didn ” t like it. A. they, them B. them , they C. themselves , their 9.Who is singing in the classroom?-_must be Susan.A.She B.It C.This D.He10.- Sonia, is this your dictionary?- Oh, no,its not_.Ask Li Lei, he is looking for _.A.me, hers B.mine,him C.my,her D.mine,his11. No one helped Millie. She did it all by _.A. myselfB herselfC. himselfD. yourself12 . Is this pen yours?- No, my maths is not as good as English.A.IB. me C. my D. mine13. They often leave the boy allone at home. They think that hes old enough to look after _.A. them B. himselfC. themselvesD. him14. Whos that talking loudly in the next room? I dont know. Maybe _ is my mother.A. she B. it C. this D. he15. The purple backpack is neither _ nor her friends , it belongs to me. (she)16. The children are _( 玩得高兴 ) near the river. 17. Who will teach _ (he ) chemistry?-I think Mrs. Yang will.18.Who taught _ maths last year?A. they B. their C. them D. theirs19.This is my brother. _ is a doctor. A. I B. YouC. She D. He20. Look at this photo! Its _ in it.A. I B. me C. mine D. we状语从句练习题I .填入适当的引导词1. I havent heard from him _ he went to America . 2. He will not go to the cinema _ he is very busy . 3. We found the books two days _ h