人教版必修5-Unit-1-SectionIII练习题解析

.词汇知识1_ vt.建设；修建_ n建设；建筑物2_ vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助_ n.3_ adj.积极的；肯定的；确实的4_ n移动；运动；动作_ v.5_ adj.热情的；热心的_ n.6_ adj.小心的；谨慎的_ adv._ n.7_ vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃_ n.8_ n宇宙；世界答案：1.construct；construction2.contribute；contribution3.positive4.movement；move5.enthusiastic；enthusiasm6cautious；cautiously；caution7.reject；rejection8.universe.重点短语1_为做贡献或捐款；导致；有助于2_ 除之外；此外3_ 对要求严格4_ 导致；通向5_ 讲得通；有意义6_ 对热情7_ 对谨慎8_ 态度；观点；看法答案：1.contribute to2.apart from3.(be) strict with4lead to5.make sense6.be enthusiastic about7be cautious about8.point of view.必背句型1_of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。答案：Only if you put the sun there did the movements2Yet Copernicus theory is now the basis_.然而哥白尼的理论却是我们宇宙赖以建立思想的基础。答案：on which all our ideas of the universe are built.品句填词1The origins of the _(宇宙)are still a mystery.答案：universe2The May 4th _(运动) of 1919 is very important in the history of China.答案：movement3Our teacher tells us that exercise _(有助于)to good health.答案：contributes4Several _(热情的) young teachers have just started working at the school.答案：enthusiastic5Shes got a really _(积极的)attitude to life.答案：positive6When her husband left home she felt _(抛弃)and useless.答案：rejected.选词填空1I cant _this poem，but perhaps I will if I read it again.答案：make sense of2Although I _ by the university, I didnt lose heart.答案：had been rejected3As she _ very _ her children, they developed a good studying habit.答案：was；strict with4Only after finishing reading the passage can you find it _.答案：makes sense5With so many people watching him, Jim was very _.答案：cautious6. He doesnt sound _ about the place, in which his parents have ever worked.答案：enthusiastic.单项填空w w w .x k b 1.c o m1(2011年福州三中高二检测)I dont think his reason for being late makes _. AuseBsenseCvalue Dcause解析：选B。考查make构成的短语的区别。句意：我认为他迟到的理由没有道理。make sense在这里是“有道理，讲得通”。2(2011年青岛高二检测)The teacher didnt explain the problem clearly，so many students were _.Aconfusing BmixingCconfused Dmixed解析：选C。confused感到困惑的。而mixed意为“混杂的”不合题意。3(2011年石家庄高二检测)Firemen said the fire was under control，but they warned that the change in weather might _ a new fire.Abring in Bbreak outCresult from Dlead to解析：选D。break out爆发，相当于不及物动词；result from后接原因，意为“由引起”；lead to意为“导致，造成(后果)”符合题意，故选D。4(2011年湖州高二检测)The power station _last year is a big one.Ahaving been built BbuiltX k b 1 . c o mCbeing built Dto be built解析：选B。考查过去分词作定语。The power station与build之间为被动关系，句中时间状语也暗示了应用过去分词形式作定语。注意having been built不用作定语。5(2011年河南实验中学高二检测)Only in this way _to get there ahead of time.Ayou can hope Byou did hopeCcan you hope Ddid you hope解析：选C。句意：只有通过这种方法你才有希望提前到达那里。only修饰状语放在句首，主句要部分倒装，所以选C。B、D两项时态与句意不符。6A small but _ crowd cheered as the players ran onto the field.Aenergetic BenthusiasticCenjoyable Dencouraged新 课 标 第 一 网解析：选B。考查形容词的辨析。句意：运动员们进入场地时，虽少却热情的人群欢呼起来。energetic精力旺盛的；enjoyable令人愉快的；encouraged深受鼓舞的，都不合题意。7I cared for none of the presents _the wonderful bag you bought for my 12th birthday.Ain addition to Bas well asCin addition Dapart from解析：选D。本题考查介词短语的意义和用法。根据题干语境意义，尤其是wonderful一词，可以推断讲话者只喜欢这件生日礼物，in addition to和as well as一样，表示并列关系，不符合题干意义；而in addition意为“另外”，后不接宾语，且不符合题意；apart from意为“除之外”。8Franklins ability to learn from observations and experience_greatly to his success in public life.Aowed BcontributedCattached Drelated解析：选B。句意：富兰克林通过观察和经验学习的能力有助于他的成功。“owe.to.”表示“把归于”，应该是“Franklin owed his success in public life to his ability to learn from observations and experience.”；attach.to.表示“把附属在”；related是形容词，而句中缺少谓语动词，因此不恰当。9How do you_we go to Beijing for our holidays?I think wed better fly there.Its much more comfortable.Ainsist BwantCsuppose Dsuggest解析：选D。根据答语可知，此处应选择suggest，意为“建议”。 w w w .x k b 1.c o m10Our students ought to _our share to the coming college students sports meeting in our city.Acontribute BconstructCinstruct Dintroduce解析：选A。考查动词词义辨析。contribute意为“奉献，贡献”。句意：我们应该为即将在我市举办的大学生运动会奉献自己的力量。而construct意为“建设”；instruct意为“指导”；introduce意为“介绍”，都不符合句子语境意义。.完形填空Every morning my friend would stop on the way to work to have a quick breakfast with her 8yearold son.Then she_1_him off at school.They ate the same thing every morning：an egg sandwich，juice，coffee for her，and milk for him.One day she ordered a(n)_2_breakfast.Once they finished eating and were heading out of the door，she_3_，said good morning to a homeless man sitting outside of the_4_，and gave him the breakfast she had ordered for him.He_5_her，telling her it was his first meal during the last several_6_.She couldnt help but feel_7_and was glad she finally took_8_.She told her son that she had seen the man every day that week there and that_9_，herself included，had offered him_10_，support，food，or drink.She_11_explained that homelessness could happen to anyone and that it was important to_12_needy people.So her “Tradition of Kindness” _13_.Each day she and her son went on to_14_the homeless man breakfast.The_15_was kept until they moved away several years later，_16_the experience was firmly put into her sons mind.My friend_17_every time she tells me that this “Tradition of Kindness” goes on with her son，who remembers this_18_tradition.Now working in a company，her son stops every morning at Starbucks for a coffee and offers a homeless person a breakfast before going to the_19_.What a great tradition that he can_20_to his children as well!【解题导语】一个偶然的机会，作者的朋友把一份早餐给了一个流浪者，从此她和儿子开始了给流浪者买早餐的行动，这也成了他们的一个传统，她的儿子参加工作后依然继续着这种行动。1A.sentBdroppedCcalled Ddrove解析：选B。根据句中at school可知，作者的朋友开车把儿子送到学校。drop sb.off让下车。2A.light BexpensiveCordinary Dextra解析：选D。根据下文内容可知，作者的朋友把一份早餐给了一个流浪者，这说明那份早餐是多出来的。3A.stopped BescapedCbacked Dhid解析：选A。作者的朋友和一个流浪者说话并给他早餐，说明她停了下来。4A.shop BmarketChotel Drestaurant解析：选D。作者的朋友刚吃完早餐出来，由此可推断那个流浪者在饭店门口。5A.recognized BrefusedCthanked Dfound解析：选C。根据常理，作者的朋友给那个流浪者早餐，他应该表示感谢。6A.days BminutesCmonths Dweeks解析：选A。根据下一段every day that week可知，这个流浪者已经好几天没有吃东西了。7A.cold BgoodCstrange Dnervous解析：选B。根据后半句中was glad可知，作者感到很开心。8A.action BtimeCcare Deffect解析：选A。这里用短语take action，指的是她帮助了那个流浪者买早饭。作者的朋友每天早晨都在这里吃饭，今天是第一次给那个流浪者买早餐，所以是终于采取了行动。9A.everyone BsomeoneCno one Danyone新课标第一网解析：选C。根据第二段it was his first meal可知，那个星期里，在她给那个流浪者早餐前，没有人帮助他，包括她自己在内。10A.education BinformationCcomfort Dsafety解析：选C。与句中support，food，drink相应的是comfort，指对那个流浪者的安慰。11A.again BfurtherConce Dfirst解析：选B。根据that后面的从句可知，这是她进一步解释的内容，故用further。12A.contact BencourageCfollow Dhelp解析：选D。根据前半句内容可推断，这里指帮助贫穷的人是很重要的。13A.began BexistedCfailed Dchanged解析：选A。根据下文内容可知，作者的朋友不断地帮助那个流浪者，说明他们开始了做善事的传统。14A.win BbuyCshow Daward解析：选B。自从第一次给流浪者买早餐后，他们继续这种善举，因此用buy。15A.promise BagreementCorder Dpractice解析：选D。这里用practice指他们给流浪者买早餐的这种行为习惯。16A.although BsoCbut Dbecause解析：选C。他们搬家后就中断了这种善举，但是这段经历却深深地印在了儿子的心里。前后为转折关系。17A.cries BjumpsCjokes Dsmiles解析：选D。根据as后面的内容可知，她对儿子的行为表示赞许，因此应该保持微笑。18A.school BchildhoodCyouth Dadulthood解析：选B。根据第一段her 8yearold son可推断，为流浪者提供早餐的传统从她儿子童年时就开始了。19A.office BcinemaCstore Dlibrary解析：选A。根据working in a company可知，她儿子给一个无家可归的人提供早餐后再去上班。20A.connect BrelateCpass Dmove解析：选C。根据to his children可知，作者希望他能够把这个传统也传给他的孩子们。.阅读理解Researchers at Oregon State University(OSU)have made important progress in work that should lead toward robots that can not only walk and run very well，but use little energy at the same time.Studies are moving closer to designing robots that could do dangerous work，create prosthetic limbs(假肢)for humans that work much better than in the past，or even help some people who use wheelchairs to get“walking”abilities.“Researchers have been working toward robot movement for a long time，”said Jonathan Hurst，a professor at OSU.“What weve done is to study what behavior is really possible for a robot.”The movement of humans and other animals is difficult to copy.Using little energy，they can move easily over hard areas，and enjoy balance from muscles(肌肉)They have different ways to deal with forces，such as holding something hard in place rigidly(牢牢地)，like the act of holding a cup of coffee level during a car ride.In their recent studies，the OSU researchers proved that these two_abilities are mutually exclusive(相互排斥的)Humans deal with this problem by using pairs of muscles.For a robot，the more its able to do one of these tasks，the less able it is to do the other.Presently，robots that can walk and run must be as rigid as possible while walking.But this way uses a lot of energy.The OSU researchers are working toward something that has similar or better performance，but uses far less energy，and is closer to the abilities of animals.“So theres no reason why we shouldnt be able to build robots with good movement ability，”Hurst said.“Clearly this might be useful in highly dangerous situations.But I could also see great improvements possible with prosthetic limbs that work much better than present technology.”【解题导语】如何使机器人不但能够走得好跑得好，而且还消耗较少的能量，这是摆在科学家面前的一个大问题。Oregon State University的研究者们正对此进行研究。1The robots being studied by researchers at OSU_.Aare successful nowBuse little energyCdo better than beforeDcan run faster than humans解析：选C。细节理解题。文章第一段指出，Oregon State University的研究者们所研究的机器人仍然处于研究阶段，文章只是表明取得了很大的进步。因此，对于其性能怎么样还很难确定。故答案选C。2Which of the following have researchers been studying all the time?AThe robots movement.BThe