keep 用法.doc

keep 是英语中用法灵活的动词之一，下面笔者就其用法归纳如下： 一、用作系动词，意为“保持（某种状态）”，其后常接形容词作表语。如： Please keep quiet / silent! 请保持安静！ After the accident, he still kept alive. 这次事故之后，他仍然活着。 二、用作实义动词，可表示： 1. 保管；保存；保留。如： Keep the change. 零钱不用找了。 Please keep these things for me while I am away. 在我离开期间，请你替我保管这些东西。 2. 赡养；饲养。如： Does he earn enough to keep himself and his family? 他的收入够养活他自己和他的家人吗？ I used to keep sheep in my childhood. 我在孩提时常常养羊。 3. 经营。如： Her father kept a grocers shop for a number of years. 她父亲开了几年杂货店。 4. 坚持；继续。后面如接动词，要用 V-ing 形式作宾语。如： If you keep (on) practising your spoken English, youll soon make great progress. 如果你坚持练习英语口语，你很快就会取得很大的进步。 5. 阻止；阻碍。常用于 keep sb/sth from doing sth 结构中，其中介词 from 不能省略。如： The heavy rain didnt keep them from watching the football match. 大雨没能阻止他们观看足球赛。 6. 保持。其后常接复合宾语，表示使（某人或某物）保持某种状态或使某一动作继续。 keep + sb/sth + 介词。如： If your hands are cold, keep them in your pockets. 如果你觉得手冷，就把它们放在口袋里。 keep + sb/sth + 形容词。如： These gloves will keep your hands warm. 这种手套保暖好。 keep +sb/sth + 副词。如： The cold weather kept us indoors. 寒冷的天气使我们呆在家里。 keep + sb/sth + V-ing 形式，表示“让某人 / 某物一直”，强调动作的持续性。如： Im sorry Ive kept you waiting. 很抱歉，让你久等了。 keep + sb/sth + V-ed 形式，表示“让某人 / 某物一直被”，宾语是 V-ed 形式，表示的动作的承受者。如： She kept her eyes shut and stayed where she was. 她紧闭双眼，呆在原地未动。 7. 构成的其它动词短语有： keep a record （保持记录）， keep apart （把分开）， keep back ones tears （忍住眼泪）， keep in touch (with) （保持与的联系）， keep out (of) （把关在外面）， keep up （保持；使不能入睡）， keep ones / an eye on （照管，密切注视）， keep away (from) （离开；不接近；戒除）， keep in mind （牢记）， keep ones word （遵守诺言）， keep pace/step with （跟上的步伐）， keep up with （与同步；跟上）等。 在人教版初中英语教材中，keep是要求学生必须掌握的四会词之一，现将其常见用法归纳小结如下，以利于大家正确地使用该词。一、用作及物动词1. 意为保存；保留；保持；保守。如：could you keep these letters for me, please? 你能替我保存这些信吗？ill keep a seat for you.我给你留个座位。it can help to keep vegetables, fruit and meat for a long time in hot summer. 在炎热的夏天，它有助于蔬菜、水果和肉类长时间保鲜。can you keep a secret? 你能保守秘密吗？2. 意为照顾；养活等。如：she kept her sister for a week while her sister was ill.她妹妹有病时，她照看她了一个星期。i have a family to keep.我得养活一家人。3. 意为留下；不必还。如：you can keep the pen if you like it.你要是喜欢就把钢笔留下吧。keep the change.不用找零钱了。4. 意为遵守；维护。如：everyone must keep the rules. 人人必须遵守规章制度。the teacher is keeping order in class.老师正在课堂上维持秩序。5. 意为售；卖。如：the shop keeps everything you need.那家商店里出售的东西应有尽有。he keeps everything you will drink.他出售你想喝的各种饮料。6. 意为记(日记、帐等)。如：she keeps a diary every day.她坚持每天记日记。he keeps exact accounts of the money he spends and a diary of the events of his holidays.他详细地记载他所花的钱数和假期中所发生的事情。7. 意为使保持某种(状态、位置或动作等)。这时要在keep的宾语后接补足语，构成复合宾语。其中宾语补足语通常由形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词和过去分词等充当。如：we should keep our classroom clean and tidy.(形容词)我们应保持教室整洁干净。youd better keep the child away from the fire.(副词)你最好让孩子离火远一点。the bad weather keeps us inside the house.(介词短语)坏天气使我们不能出门。dont keep me waiting for long.(现在分词)别让我等太久。the other students in the class keep their eyes closed.(过去分词)班上其他同学都闭着眼睛。二、用作连系动词构成系表结构：keep表语，意为保持，继续(处于某种状态)。其中表语可用形容词、副词、介词短语等充当。如：you must look after yourself and keep healthy.(形容词)你必须照顾好自己，保持身体健康。keep off the grass.(副词)请勿践踏草地。traffic in britain keeps to the left.(介词短语)英国的交通是靠左边行驶的。注意：一般情况下，keep后接形容词较为多见。再如：she knew she must keep calm.她知道她必须保持镇静。please keep silent in class.课堂上请保持安静。三、与介词或副词搭配，构成动词短语1.keep away意为(使)离开；(使)不接近，其后常接介词from。如：would you keep your dog away from my boy, please? 请把狗拉得离我孩子远点好吗？keep everybody away from the accident.人人远离事故！2.keep back意为阻止；留在后面。如：she sat down quietly, but she couldnt keepback her tears.她静静地坐下来，却忍不住流下了眼泪。3.keep together意为在一起；动作协调。如：keep together, please.请聚在一起。the eight men kept together during the boat race as though they were one.赛船时，这8个人动作协调，好像一个人似的。4.keep up意为持续；使不低落。如：the noise kept up all night.噪音整夜持续着。to keep your strength up, eat well and getenough sleep.为了保持力气，要吃好、睡足。5.keep up with意为跟上；和来往。如：im trying my best to keep up with the others in class.我正在设法赶上班里的其他人。do you still keep up with tom? 你和汤姆还有联系吗？6.keep.in mind意为把记在心里。如：the teacher asked us to keep these sentences in mind.老师要我们把这些句子记在心里。四、含keep的常用句型1.keep doing sth. 意为继续干某事，表示不间断地持续干某事，keep后不能接不定式或表示静止状态的v-ing形式，而必须接延续性的动词。如：he kept working all day, because he wanted to finish the work on time.他整天都在不停地工作，因为他想准时完成工作。keep passing the ball to each other, and youll be ok.坚持互相传球，你们就行。2.keep on doing sth.