2014版人教新目标八年级下册英语unit8课文详解.doc

Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?Section ALanguage Goal: Talk about recent events and experiences1a Have you heard of these books? Check () the ones you hear._Alice in Wonderland lis n wndlnd爱丽丝梦游仙境_Little Women litl wmn小妇人_Treasure Island tre(r) alnd金银岛_Oliver Twist liv twst雾都孤儿_Robinson Crusoe rbinsn kru:su鲁滨逊漂流记_Tom Sawyer rbinsn kru:su汤姆索娅历险记1b Listen and complete the chart.TitleNameHave they read it?What do they think of it?Book 1:NickNo.JudyYes. ExcitingBook2:SandyYes. WonderfulAlanNo.Book3:KateYes. Fantastic.HarryNo.1c Practice the conversation. Then talk about the other books in 1a.A: Have you read Little Women yet?B: No, I havent. Have you?A: Yes, Ive already read it.B: Whats it like? 这本书怎么样?A: Its fantastic. fntstk 棒极了！2a Listen. Who has read these books? Circle the names.1. Treasure Island Mark/ Tina 2. Oliver Twist Mark/ Tina3. Robinson Crusoe Mark/ Tina4. Tom Sawyer Mark/ Tina1. Tina 2. Mark Tina 3. Mark Tina 4. Tina2b Listen again and write T for true and F for false.1. Oliver Twist is about a boy who went out to sea and found an island full of treasures. 雾都孤儿是关于一个男孩出海，并发现了一个充满宝藏的岛屿的故事2. Robinson Crusoe is a classic. klsk 鲁滨逊漂流记是一部名著。3. Tina thinks that Treasure Island is a fantastic book.蒂娜认为金银岛是一部很棒的书 4. Tom Sawyer is about a boy who lives in the United Kingdom. 汤姆索娅历险记是关于一个生活在英国的男孩(的故事)。full of此处是形容词短语，意为“充满;装满”，在句中作后置定语。此外，也可在句中充当状语或表语。He received several baskets full of cards, letters of congratulations.他收到了几个装满贺卡和贺信的篮子。(后置定语)Robinson Crusoe stared at the footprint, full of fear. 鲁滨逊盯着那个脚印，满怀恐惧。As we returned home, everything seemed to be full of life.当我们回到家时，一切似乎都洋溢着生气。(表语)full形容词“满的”，be full offill 不及物动词。“装满”。be filled with “用装满” fill with“将装满”The classroom was full of students. 教室里挤满了学生。The basket is filled with apples by the old man. 篮子被这个老人装满了苹果。He filled the glass with water. 他将玻璃杯盛满水。2c Use the information in 2a and 2b to talk about the books.A: Has Tina read Treasure Island?B: Yes, she has. She thinks its fantastic.A: Whats it about?B: Its about2d Role-play the conversation.Amy: Steve, have you decided yet which book to write about for English class?Steve: Yes, Little Women. Ive already finished reading it!Amy: Wow, youre fast! Whats it about?Steve: Its about four sisters growing up. It was really good, so I couldnt put it down. Which book did you choose?Amy: I chose Treasure Island, but I havent finished reading it yet. Im only on page25.Steve: Have you at least read the back of the book to see what its about?Amy: Yes, I have. It looks interesting.Steve: You should hurry up. The book report is due in two weeks. Amy: Yes, I know. Ill read quickly.艾米:史蒂夫，你已经决定英语课写哪本书了吗?史蒂夫:是的，小妇人我已经读完它了。艾米:哇，你真快!它是关于什么的?史蒂夫:它是关于四姐妹成长的故事。它真的很好，所以我爱不释手。你选择哪本书?艾米:我选金银岛但我还未读完。只读到了25页。史蒂夫:至少你已经读过书的背后，了解它的大致内容了吧?艾米:是的。它看起来很有趣。史蒂夫:你应该快点。读书报告两周后必须交。艾米:是的，我知道。我会快速阅读的。which book to write about意为“写哪一本书”，此处为“疑问词十动词不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。I cant decide when to start. 我不能决定何时动身。I am thinking about how to deal with the problem. 我正在考虑怎样处理这个问题。常用于此结构的疑问词还包括疑问代词who, whom, what及疑问副词when, where 和 how.He taught me how to pronounce it. 他教我如何发音。I didnt decide where to live. 我没有决定住哪儿。grow up为固定短语，意为“长大; 成长”。此处用现在分词短语growing up作后置定语，修饰前面的名词sisters。Where did you grow up? 你是在哪儿长大的?The girl singing in the classroom is my younger sister. 正在教室里唱歌的女孩是我的妹妹。put down意为“记下;放下”，为“动词十副词”型短语，宾语若为代词，应放在put与down 中间Put down the new words and then read them loud把生词记下来，然后大声读出来:Put down your bag and take a rest. 把包放下，休息一会儿吧hurry up为固定短语，意为“赶快;快点”。Hurry up, or you will be late. 快点，否则你会迟到的常见的hurry短语集锦:（1）hurry off/ away匆匆离去Miss Zhao hurried off to look after the man. 赵老师匆匆赶去照看那个人hurry into匆忙进入Her parents are trying to hurry her into marriage. 她父母设法催她快点结婚hurry out匆忙出去The man hurried out of the car before reporters could speak to him记者们还未来得及与他交谈，这人就匆匆离开了汽车。in a hurry匆忙地Dont be in a hurry. 不要着急。due此处作形容词，“预期;预定”，其后可接to do不定式。When is the train due? 火车预定什么时候到?Her baby is due next month. 她的宝宝预计在下个月出生。The guests are due to arrive very soon. 客人们很快就会到。（1）due作形容词时， “到期的; 应付(给)的”，通常与介词to连用，due to sb.意为“应付给或应给予某人”。The bill is due. 这张票据已到期。A great deal of money is due to you. 要付给你一大笔钱。due to为固定短语，意为“由于;因为”后跟代词或名词。He didnt come to school due to his illness. 他因生病没有来学校。Her success was due to her hard work. 她的成功是因为她努力工作。3a Quickly read the passage below based on Robinson Crusoe. Then answer the questions.1. What does Robinson Crusoe wait for? 鲁滨逊等待什么?Robinson Crusoe Waits for another ship2. Why does Robinson Crusoe call the man Friday? 为什么鲁滨逊称呼这个人为星期五?Because Robinson Crusoe met the man on Friday. When I first arrived on this island, I had nothing. But Ive found the ship and made a small boat. Ive brought back many things I can use food and drink, tools, knives and guns. Although I have lost everything, I have not lost my life. So I will not give up and I will wait for another ship. I have already cut down trees and built a house. I go out with my gun almost every day to kill animals and birds for food. Im even learning to grow fruits and vegetables.当我第一次到达这个岛屿时，我一无所有。但我发现了这艘船，并制作了一艘小船。我带回很多能够用到的东西-食物和饮料、工具、刀和枪。虽然我失去了一切，但我没有失去我的生命。所以我不会放弃，我将等待另一艘船。我已经砍倒了树木，建造了房子。我几乎每天带着枪出去，猎杀动物和鸟作为食物。我甚至学会了种植水果和蔬菜。cut down为固定短语，意为“把砍倒;裁短; 减少;缩减”，cut此处作及物动词，其过去式和过去分词是cut本身。They cut down the big tree. 他们把这棵大树砍倒了。Youd better cut the article down to about 2,000 words. 你最好把这篇文章缩减到两千字左右cut常见短语集锦:cut sb. sth. =cut sth. for sb. .为某人切某物He cut me a slice of bread. =He cut a slice of bread for me. 他为我切了一片面包。cut sth. into sth把某物切成某物First cut the meat into small pieces. 首先把肉切成小块:cut in插入;插话;插队;超车Dont cut in when others are talking. 别人说话时别插话He cut in at the head of the line.他在队伍的前面插队。cut off切断;隔断;断绝The flood cut the villagers off from the rest of the world洪水切断了村民们与外界的联系。learn此处作及物动词，“学习”，后跟to do不定式作宾语。learn to do sth.意为“学习做某事”。Hes learning to drive a car他正在学习开车:与learn相关的短语:learn from向学习 learn by oneself 自学 learn of/about 获悉grow此处作及物动词，意为“种植”:We grow flowers and vegetables in our garden，我们在花园里种植鲜花和蔬莱。A few weeks ago, I found the marks of another mans feet on the sand. Who else is on my island? How long have they been here? Not long after that, I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship. One of them died but the other ran towards my house. I helped him kill the cannibals. This man now lives with me and helps me. I named him Friday because that was the day I met him. He is smart and I have already taught him some English.几周前，我在沙子上发现了另一个人的脚印。我的岛上还有其他什么人?他们在这里多久了？不久以后，我看到一些食人族正试图杀死两个来自破船上的人。其中一个人死了，但另外一个人跑向了我的房子。我帮助他杀死了这些食人族。这个人现在和我一起生活，并帮助我。我称呼他为星期五，因为我在那天遇到的他。他很聪明，我已经教了他一些英语mark此处为可数名词，意为“痕迹;记号”。The dogs always make dirty marks. 这些狗总是制造斑斑污迹。The lighthouse on the top of the hill serves as a mark for fliers. flaz 飞行员山顶上的灯塔成了飞行员识别地形的标志。e1se此处作形容词，“别的，其他的”，放在who, what等疑问词之后。Who else was at the party？ 晚会上还有谁?But what else can we do? 但是我们还能做什么，else用于以-one， body， -thing， -place， -where结尾的复合不定代词/副词之后。Ask somebody else to help you. 请别人帮帮你吧。He has nothing else to do today. 他今天没有别的事要做。how long意为“多久、多长时间”，主要是对一段时间进行提问，答语通常是(for) thee days /weeks /months等时间段，它可用于各种时态。How long were you not at school last year？去年你多久没上学?About two weeks. 大约两周onethe other为固定搭配，用于两者之间，意为“一个其余的”The supermrket is on the other side of the street. 超市在街道的另一边。He has two sons. One is a doctor, the other is a student. 他有两个儿子。一个是医生，另一个是学生。somethe others用于三者或三者以上，意为“一些其余的”Boys are on the playground. Some are playing basketball, the others are playing football.男孩们都在操场上。一些正在打篮球，其余的正在踢足球。towards介词，“朝，向; 对着”。They drove towards the beach. 他们驾车朝海滩开去。The overseas teacher said her Chinese friends were friendly towards her那位外籍教师说她的中国朋友对她很友善name此处作及物动词，“给取名; 给命名”，name sb.sth“给某人取名为”They named their child John. 他们给孩子取名叫约翰。（1）named/ called为过去分词，作后置定语，意为“被命名为；称为”The boy named/ called Mike is my friend.那个叫迈克的男孩是我的朋友:name sb. /sth. after sb.“以命名”。The child was named after his father. 那个孩子是按他父亲的名字取的名。3b Read the passage again. Find words that have these meanings.1.You can use these to shoot things: _gun_ 你可以用这些来射击东西2.Something you use to travel in the sea: _ship_ 你用来在海上旅行的东西:3.A piece of land in the middle of the sea: _island_ 在海中央的一块陆地4.You can use these to cut things: _knife_ 你可以用这些来切东西5.Signs left behind by someone or something: _mark_ 某人或某物留下的标记:in the middle of为固定短语，意为“在的中间”。in the middle of the road“在路的中央”。in the middle of the night半夜;深更半夜”leave behind为固定短语，“留下;遗留”I dont want to leave anything behind. 我不想留下任何东西。（1）leave sb. behind意为“把某人甩在后面(即赶上、超越某人)In the final exam, I left Lucy behind finally. 在期末考试中我终于超过了露西leave sth. behind意为“某人走后留下某物”。He left his umbrella behind. 他离开时没有把雨伞带走。3c Correct the sentences.1. Robinson Crusoe arrived on the island with enough food and drink.鲁滨逊带着足够的食物和饮料到达这个岛屿。2. Friday made a small boat. 星期五做了一艘小船3. Robinson had some food and tools when he first arrived on the island. 当鲁滨逊第一次到达岛屿时，他有一些食物和工具。4. Robinson used the ship to build his house. 鲁滨逊用船来建造他的房子。5. Friday saw some marks of another mans feet on the beach. 星期五在沙滩上看到另一个人留下的一些脚印。6. Robinson tried to kill the two men. 鲁滨逊努力杀了这两个人。1.Robinson Crusoe arrived on the island with nothing.2.Robinson Crusoe made a small boat.3. Robinson had nothing when he first arrived on the island4.Robinson cut down trees to build his house5. Robinson saw some marks of another mans feet on the beach. 6.Robinson tried to kill the cannibals. knblGrammar Focus Have you read Little Women yet?Yes, I have. / No, I havent.Has Tina read Treasure Island yet?Yes, she has. She thinks its fantastic.Have you decided which book to write about yet?Yes, I have. Ive already finished reading it. It was really good.4a Use the words in brackets to complete the conversations.1. A: Would you like something to drink? 你想喝点东西吗?B: No, thanks. Ive just drunk some tea.(just/ drink some tea)2. A: I heard you lost your key._ Have you found it yet ？?(find)B: No, not yet.3. A: Do you know when Tom is leaving? 你知道汤姆什么时候离开吗?B: _He has already left_.(already/ leave)A: When_ did he leave _?( leave)B: This morning.4. A: Is your sister going to the movies with us tonight?B: No._ She has already seen the film ._ (already/ see the film)5. A: What do your parents think about our plan?B: I _havent told them yet_ .(not / tell them/ yet)4b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets.Sally _loves (love) reading. In the morning, she reads the newspaper and in the evening she reads books. She _has_ already _read_ (read) more than 100 different books! Her favorite kind of books is science fiction. She is interested in science and technology and loves to imagine what the world _will be_(be) like in 50 years. She _finished_(finish) reading a book about robots last week and _will write_(write) a book report about it next week for her French class. Every time she is in the library, Sally looks at the many books she _hasnt read_ (not read) yet and she cant wait to read them!love此处作及物动词，意为“爱; 热爱;喜欢”，其后通常可跟名词、代词、动词不定式、动词-ing形式作宾语。Love me, love my dog. (谚语)爱屋及乌。He loves to go swimming. 他喜欢游泳。I love sitting in the garden. 我喜欢在花园里坐坐。would be此处为过去将来时句型，由“would十动词原形构成，主要表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的事情(尤其用于宾语从句中)。He told us he would help us. 他告诉我们他会帮助我们。I knew you would agree我当时就知道你会同意的。look at为固定短语，意为“看”look为不及物动词，必须用at连接看的对象Look at the blackboard, please. 请看黑板Father always looks at me with love in his eyes. 父亲总是用慈祥的眼光看着我（1）cant wait to do sth.“迫不及待去做某事”I cant wait to Watch TV. 我迫不及待去看电视。The young man could not wait to see his girl friend这个年轻人迫不及待去看他的女朋友。（2）can t help doing sth.意为“情不自禁地做某事”He could not help laughing. 他情不自禁地笑了起来。cant stand doing sth.意为“不能容忍做某事”。I cant stand waiting for a long time. 我不能容忍等这么久I knew you would agree. ，我当时就知道你会同意的。4c Complete the chart with information about you and a friend.A: What books have you already read?B: Ive already read Tom Sawyer and Harry Potter.A: What do you think of them?B: Well, I think Harry Potter was exciting, but Tom Sawyer was a bit boring.YouYour friendCommentsBooks I have already readMovies I have already seenSongs I have already heardSection B1a Who is your favorite singer or musician? Tell your partner why you like him or her.1b Listen to a conversation between Alex and Dave. Wrote A for Alex or D for Dave next to each opinion._ The Toms must be popular._ The Toms play pop music._ The Toms music sounds more like rock._ Listening to The Toms is a good way to wake up.must be表示肯定推测，意为“一定是; 必定是”。There must be a mistake. 一定是弄错了。The light is on. Mary must be in. 灯亮着。玛丽一定在里面。listening to The Toms是动名词短语在句中作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式. listen to为固定短语，“听”。Listen为不及物动词，接宾语时需加介词to。Eating too much isnt good for you. 吃得太多对你没有好处He often listens to music. 他经常听音乐:Dont listen to them别听他们的话YouYour friendCommentsBooks I have already readMovies I have already seenSongs I have already heardYouYour friendCommentsBooks I have already readMovies I have already seenSongs I have already heard1c Listen again and take notes.Band name Country Number of people in the bandKind of music Why Alex and Dave like to listen to this bandAlex:Dave:1d Ask your friends and parents what kind of music they listen to and why. How does the music make them feel?What kind of music?Why do they listen to it?How does it make them feel?Friend1Friend2Parents2a Discuss the questions with a partner.1. Do you have a favorite singer or band?2. Do you have a favorite song?3. What facts do you know about your favorite singer, band or song?2b Read the passage and complete the fact sheet on page 63.Summarizing 总结While reading, make notes or underline the main ideas in the text. After reading, write a short summary in your own words. This can help you better understand the text.阅读中，做笔记或在文中的主旨下面画线。阅读后，用自己的语言写一个简短的摘要。这可以帮助你更好地理解文章。A Country Music Song Changed Her Life ForeverWhen Sarah was a teenager, she used to fight over almost everything with her family. But five years ago, while she was studying abroad in England, she heard a song full of feelings about returning home on the radio. It made Sarah think about her family and friends back in the US. She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them. Ever since then, she has been a fan of American country music.一首乡村乐曲永远地改变了她的生活当莎拉是一个青少年的时候，她常常因几乎所有的事与她的家人争吵。但五年前，当她在英国出国留学时，她在广播中听到一首充满感情的回家歌曲。这让莎拉想起她在美国的家人和朋友。她逐渐意识到，事实上她是多么想念他们所有的人。从那时起，她成了美国乡村音乐的一名歌迷fight over为固定短语，相当于fight about，“因为某事而争论，争夺”，flight的过去式和过去分词都为fought,Dont fight about small things. 不要为琐事争吵。The two dogs were fighting over a bone. 两只狗为一块骨头在撕咬。（1）fight against /with sb. /sth. “与搏斗，打架，作战”。Have you fought with your younger brother again?你又和弟弟打架了吗?In World War Two, Britain fought against Germany with France. 在二战中，英国与法国联合抗击德国。fight for sth.意为“争取获得或完成某事”。Fight for freedom, independence and human rights. 争取获得自由、独立和人权。abroad副词 ,“在国外; 到国外”We heard that he went abroad recently. 我们听说他最近出国了。He was abroad from 1970 to 1996.他从1970年至1996年住在国外。He just came back from abroad.他刚从国外回来。abroad的固定搭配at home and abroad在国内外on the radio为固定短语，“通过收音机，以无线电的方式”She said that she heard a very interesting programme on the radio. 她说她从收音机里听到一个非常有趣的节目。与on the radio类似的短语还有:on TV “通过电视，在电视上；on the telephone “打电话，在电话里”; on the computer “通过电脑;在电脑上”。We can watch a football match on TV. 我们能在电视上看足球赛。His wife talked with her friends on the telephone. 他的妻子通过电话与朋友进行交谈。come to do“（事情）逐渐；终于”表示达到某种状态，常与know, understand, realize, be, love, like等表示静态的动词连用，强调渐变过程。How did you come to know him？你是怎么认识他的?When you get older, youll come to realize how much your parents have done for you.当你逐渐长大时，你会逐渐发现你的父母为你付出了多少come to do“来做(从事)某事”。Excuse me, would you like to come to help me with my English？打扰了，你愿意来帮助我学英语吗?We hope youll come to do business with us. . 我们希望你们来与我们谈生意how much此处用于表达一种程度，意为“多么”。You never know how much I miss my parents. 你永远不知道我是多么想念我的父母。actually副词，“真实地;事实上”。I know she looks young, but she is actually 50. 我知道她看起来很年轻，但实际上她50岁了。all of意为“所有人(或物)都.They are all Young Pioneers. 他们都是少先队员all of， none of用于三者或三者以上，all of用于肯定句，none of用于否定句；all of 所有的人（或物）都none所有的人（或物）都不；all of做主语时，谓语动词用复数；none of做主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数均可。All of us go to school every day. 我们所有人每天都去上学。None of these cars is /are new. : 这些汽车没有一辆是新的。Country is a traditional kind of music from the southern states of America. Nashville, Tennessee is the home of country music. Many songs these days are just about modern life in the US, such as the importance of money and success, but not about belonging to a group. However, country music brings us back to the “good old days” when people were kind to each other and trusted one another. It reminds us that the best things in life are freelaughter, friends, family, and the beauty of nature and the countryside.乡村音乐是来自美国南部的一种传统类型的音乐。纳什维尔-田纳西州府是乡村音乐的发源地。目前许多歌曲是关于美国现代生活的，比如金钱和成功的重要性，但不属于一类。然而，乡村音乐带我们回到善待彼此、信任彼此的“过去的a kind of此处为固定结构，后跟名词，意为“一种”An apple is a kind of fruit.苹果是一种水果kind短语荟萃:（1）kind of十形容词“有点儿，相当于a little/ a bit/ a little bit.Im kind of hungry我有点饿了。many kinds of十名词“很多种”； this/ that kind