电子计算器设计

吴俊 08级电自08班 20080711121单片机课程设计报告课 题： 电子计算器学 院： 报 告 人： 目录1 课题概述31.1 课题描述及实现功能31.2 按键说明32 系统的工作流程图43 系统程序设计53.1 主程序模块设计53.2 LCD模块设计113.3 蜂鸣器模块设计133.4 键盘模块设计143.5 其他程序模块设计164 课程设计心得201 课题概述1.1 课题描述及实现功能本课题是基于ADuC848单片机的电子计算器设计。由于本实验所需的单片机开发板已经确定，相应的硬件部分已经做好，所以我们只需要根据硬件原理图进行软件设计。软件设计部分采用C语言进行编写。根据要求设计的电子计算器的功能如下：1）利用小键盘作为数据和命令的输入装置；2）利用LCD显示过程和结果；3）实现的运算包括：正实数的加、减、乘、除、开方、乘方、三角函数运算（sin、cos、tan）；4）未工作时显示北京时间；5）当数据超出范围，可声音提示或报警。1.2 按键说明本系统采用44矩阵键盘作为输入部分，实现数据输入功能。本系统规定的键盘上的各按键功能如下所示：1（+）2（-）3（*）ON4（/）5(sqrt)6(power)OFF7(sin)8(cos)9(tan)ClearFuction0.=各按键功能如下：Fuction：功能键。按下此键，显示数字1至9括号里的运算符；未按此键，显示数字。ON: 显示北京时间时，按下此键之后进入计算器状态。OFF：在计算器状态下，按下此键之后显示北京时间。Clear: 清除键。2 系统的工作流程图NYYN数据过大数字键 =结果报警C清除off功能键（F）扫描键盘 按键？运算方式NYNY初始化时间显示扫描键盘 按键？其他开关扫描键盘 按键？ 3 系统程序设计3.1 主程序模块设计#include#include#include#include#include#include#include#include#include#define uchar unsigned chardouble xdata First,End1,End2; /定义全局变量void delay(int n) /延时程序int i,j; for(i=0;in;i+) for(j=0;j=y) z=x-y; else z=y-x; return(z);double mul(double x,double y) /乘法程序double z; z=x*y; return(z);double div(double x,double y) /除法程序double z; z=x/y; return(z);double power(double x,int y) /乘方程序double z; int i; z=1; for(i=1;i30000) buzzer();key=14; else ecvt(First,fp);LCDPrintString(0,2,fp);break; case 2: First=sub(End1,End2); if(First30000) buzzer();key=14; else ecvt(First,fp);LCDPrintString(0,2,fp);break; case 3: First=mul(End1,End2); if(First30000) buzzer();key=14; else ecvt(First,fp);LCDPrintString(0,2,fp);break; case 4: First=div(End1,End2); if(First30000) buzzer();key=14; else ecvt(First,fp);LCDPrintString(0,2,fp);break; case 5: First=sqrt(End2); if(First30000) buzzer();key=14; else ecvt(First,fp);LCDPrintString(0,2,fp);break; case 6: First=power(End1,End2); if(First30000) buzzer();key=14; else ecvt(First,fp);LCDPrintString(0,2,fp);break; case 7: First=sin(End2); if(First30000) buzzer();key=14; else ecvt(First,fp);LCDPrintString(0,2,fp);break; case 8: First=cos(End2); if(First30000) buzzer();key=14; else ecvt(First,fp);LCDPrintString(0,2,fp);break; case 9: First=tan(End2); if(First30000) buzzer();key=14; else ecvt(First,fp);LCDPrintString(0,2,fp);break; First=0;n=0;k=-1;g=1; f=0;break; case 100: ReadTime(time); switch(time3) case 1:LCDPrintString(10,1, );LCDPrintString(10,1,Mon.);break; case 2:LCDPrintString(10,1, );LCDPrintString(10,1,Tues);break; case 3:LCDPrintString(10,1, );LCDPrintString(10,1,Weds);break; case 4:LCDPrintString(10,1, );LCDPrintString(10,1,Thurs);break; case 5:LCDPrintString(10,1, );LCDPrintString(10,1,Fri.);break; case 6:LCDPrintString(10,1, );LCDPrintString(10,1,Sat.);break; case 7:LCDPrintString(10,1, );LCDPrintString(10,1,Sun.);break; default:break; LCDPrintNumber(0,1,2,time5); /month LCDPrintString(2,1,/); LCDPrintNumber(3,1,2,time4); /day LCDPrintString(5,1,/); LCDPrintNumber(6,1,2,time6); /year LCDPrintNumber(0,2,2,time2); /hour LCDPrintString(2,2,:); LCDPrintNumber(3,2,2,time1); /minute LCDPrintString(5,2,:); LCDPrintNumber(6,2,2,time0); /second key=GetKey(); if (key=12) /*进入计算状态*/ t=1;key=0x80;LCDInitialize(); First=0;End1=0;End2=0;f=0;k=-1;g=1;n=0;h=0; break; default:break; if(n=0) End1=First;else End2=First; if(End1|End230000) buzzer();key=14; if(key=14) /清零AC First=0;End1=0;End2=0;f=0;k=-1;g=1;h=0;LCDInitialize(); key=0x80; 3.2 LCD模块设计sbit LCD_RS= P36;sbit LCD_RW= P35;sbit LCD_EN = P33;sfr LCDData=0x80;void LCDWrite(bit cd,unsigned char input);void LCDWait(unsigned char CiShu);void LCDDelay();void LCDInitialize();void LCDPrintString(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char *string);void LCDPrintNumber(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char WeiShu,unsigned int number);unsigned char ReadState();void LCDInitialize() LCDDelay();LCDWrite(0,0x38); /*设置16*2显示，5*7点阵，8位数据接口*/LCDDelay();LCDWrite(0,0x38);LCDDelay();LCDWrite(0,0x38);LCDDelay();LCDWrite(0,0x38);LCDDelay();LCDWrite(0,0x08); /*关显示，不显示光标，光标不闪烁*/LCDDelay();LCDWrite(0,0x01); /*显示清屏，数据指针清零，所有显示清零*/LCDDelay();LCDWrite(0,0x06); /*读或写一个字符后地址指针加一，且光标加一，整屏显示不移动*/LCDDelay();LCDWrite(0,0x0c); /*开显示，不显光标，光标不闪*/void LCDWrite(bit cd,unsigned char DATA) /*cd=0,写命令；cd=1,写数据*/LCDWait(20);LCD_RS=cd;LCD_RW=0;LCD_EN=0;LCDData=DATA;LCD_EN=1;LCD_EN=0;void LCDPrintString(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char *string) /*写字符串*/unsigned char address;address=x+(y-1)*0x40+0x80; /*指针定位,x为列，y为行*/LCDWrite(0,address);while(*string!=0)LCDWrite(1,*string);string+;void LCDPrintNumber(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char WeiShu,unsigned int number)unsigned char address; /*写数字，最大为6位数，x列，y行，位数，数字*/unsigned char j,temp5;address=x+(y-1)*0x40+0x80;LCDWrite(0,address);temp0=(number%100000)/10000+48;temp1=(number%10000)/1000+48;temp2=(number%1000)/100+48;temp3=(number%100)/10+48;temp4=number%10+48;for(j=5-WeiShu;j5;j+)LCDWrite(1,tempj); void LCDWait(unsigned char CiShu)unsigned char i;for(i=0;iCiShu;i+)if(ReadState()&0x80)continue;else break; unsigned char ReadState() /*读状态*/unsigned char temp;P0=0xff;LCD_EN=0;LCD_RS=0;LCD_RW=1;LCD_EN=1;temp=LCDData;LCD_EN=0;return temp; void LCDDelay()unsigned int a;for(a=0;a1000;a+);3.3 蜂鸣器模块设计void buzzer() unsigned char i,j,k,l; for(k=0;k8;k+) for(i=0;i100;i+) for(j=0;j10;j+) P2|=0x40;/*P2.6=1*/ delay(3); P2&=0xbf;/*P2.6=0*/ delay(4); for(l=0;l100;l+) delay(100); for(i=0;i100;i+) for(j=0;j5;j+) P2|=0x40;/*P2.6=1*/ delay(6); P2&=0xbf;/*P2.6=0*/ delay(8); for(l=0;l100;l+) delay(100); void delay(unsigned int x) unsigned int m,n; for(m=0;mx;m+) for(n=0;n10;n+); 3.4 键盘模块设计void KeyDelay(unsigned int KeyJsTime); /按键扫描头文件unsigned char GetKey();unsigned char GetKey()unsigned char temp;P1&=0xf0;P2&=0xf0; temp=P1&0x0f;if(temp!=0x0f)KeyDelay(666666) ;if(temp=(P1&0x0f)P2|=0x0e;switch(P1&0x0f)case 0x0e:return 12;case 0x0d:return 13;case 0x0b:return 14;case 0x07:return 15;case 0x0f:break;default:return 0x80;P2&=0xf0;P2|=0x0d;switch(P1&0x0f)case 0x0e:return 3;case 0x0d:return 6;case 0x0b:return 9;case 0x07:return 11;case 0x0f:break;default:return 0x80;P2&=0xf0;P2|=0x0b;switch(P1&0x0f)case 0x0e:return 2;case 0x0d:return 5;case 0x0b:return 8;case 0x07:return 0;case 0x0f:break;default:return 0x80;P2&=0xf0;P2|=0x07;switch(P1&0x0f)case 0x0e:return 1;case 0x0d:return 4;case 0x0b:return 7;case 0x07:return 10;case 0x0f:break;default:return 0x80; return 0x55;void KeyDelay(unsigned int KeyJsTime)unsigned char temp;unsigned int JsKeyDelay;for(JsKeyDelay=0;JsKeyDelayKeyJsTime;JsKeyDelay+)temp+;3.5 其他程序模块设计1.浮点数转字符串程序#include#include#includechar ecvt( double m,char *str); int a16; char ecvt( double m,char *str)int x,i,j,temp,tmp,num,n,p; x=m;p=1; tmp=x; num=0; while(x) anum=x%10; if(anum+=0) p=p*1; else p=p*0; x/=10; if(p!=1) for(i=num-1,j=0;i=0;i-) strj+=ai+0; else strnum+=0; strnum=.;n=num; temp=(m-tmp)*10000; while(temp) anum+=temp%10; temp/=10; for(i=n+3,j=n+1;i=n;i-) strj+=ai+0; if(an!=0) strn+5=0; elseif(an+1!=0) strn+4=0; elseif(an+2!=0) strn+3=0; elseif(an+3!=0) strn+2=0; else strn=0; for(i=0;i16;i+) ai=0; return(*str); 3.sin程序#include#includedouble sin(double y);double sin(double y)double xdata x,s,fm,t,t1; double xdata fs; int n=1;/项数 x=3.14*y/180; s=0,fs=x,fm=1,t1=1;/求和、分子、分母、精度、t1表示符号位 t=fs/fm;/精度赋值while(fabs(t)=1e-6)/循环条件s=s+t;/求和n+;/基数增加fs=fs*x*x;/新分子fm=fm*(2*n-2)*(2*n-1);/新分母t1=t1*(-1);/符号位一正一负t=t1*(fs/fm);/精度s=(double)s;