中考英语考纲词汇用法详解(E).doc

中考英语考纲词汇用法详解(E)eachI:tF pron. 各自，各个：Each must do his best. 每个人必须竭尽全力。/ I will give each of you a book. 我将要给你们每人一本书。【短语】each other 互相：They speak English to each other. 他们彼此说英语。/ They are exactly like each other. 他们彼此十分相像。/ We help each other in studying English. 在英语学习上我们相互帮助。earIE n. 耳朵：I hear with my ears. 我用耳朵听。/ She has a good ear for music. 她很有欣赏音乐的能力。early5E:li adj. 早的：He caught an early bus. 他赶上了早班车。adv. 早地：He arrived home early. 他到家很早。earthE:W n. 陆地；大地；地球：The earth is bigger than the moon. 地球比月球大。/ The earth moves round the sun. 地球绕太阳旋转。【短语】on earth 在地球上：He is the happiest man on earth. 他是世界上最幸福的人。/ There is nothing on earth like it. 世上没有这等事。eastI:st n. 东方，东部：The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。/ China is in the east of Asia. 中国位于亚洲东部。adj. 东方的，东部的：He lives on the east coast. 他住在东部海岸地区。easy5I:zi adj. 容易的：I did the sum quickly because it was easy. 我这道算术题做得很快，因为很容易。/ Its easy to get to that place. 到那个地方去很容易。eatI:t (ate, eaten) v. 吃：We eat a lot of cabbages in winter. 冬天我们吃大量的白菜。/ Have you eaten all the biscuits? 你把所有的饼干都吃完了？【短语】eat up 吃光；吃完：They quickly ate up all of the dinner. 他们很快地就吃完了晚餐。edgeedV n. 边，边缘：The knife has no edge. 这刀子很钝。education7edVu5keiFn n. 教育，培养：He had a good education. 他受过良好的教育。/ I had twelve years of education. 我受过12年的教育。eggeg n. 蛋：Ill have fried eggs, please. 请给我煎蛋。eighteIt num. 八：His mother died when he was eight. 他8岁时他母亲去世了。eighteenthei5tI:nW num. 第十八：Today he got the eighteenth golden medal in his life. 今天他得到了他生命中的第十八块金牌。eightheitW num. 第八：My name is eighth in the list. 我的名字在名单上是第八个。/ Her eighth birthday is next Monday. 她8岁生日是下个礼拜一。either5aiTE adv. 也(不)：I dont enjoy tennis, and I dont much like swimming, either. 我不喜欢网球，也不太喜欢游泳。/ I havent seen it, either. 我也没有看见过它。/ I cant read, either. 我也不会读。【用法】either和too：两者都表示“也”，但too常用于肯定句和疑问句中，而either则用于否定句中。【短语】eitheror 或者或者：Either come in at once or leave. 要么马上进来，要么离开。/ You can have either the apple or the orange. 你可以吃苹果，也可以吃橘子。elephant5elifEnt n. 象：African elephants have bigger ears. 非洲象的耳朵比较大。eleveni5levn num. 十一：Eleven minus one is ten. 11减1等于10。empty5empti adj. 空的：The boy is feeling empty. 这男孩觉得肚子饿了。/ Dont speak empty words. 不要说空话。encouragein5kQridV v. 鼓励：Her first success encouraged her to work even harder. 她的首次成功鼓舞她更加努力工作。endend n. 末端，终点：The school is at the south end of the town. 学校在城镇的南头。v. 结束：When the concert ended we went home. 音乐会结束后我们回家了。【短语】in the end 最后：It was difficult, but I did it in the end. 这事很难，但最后我还是做成了()。engineer7endVi5niE n. 工程师：He is an engineer in chief. 他是总工程师。/ Her dream is to be an engineer in charge. 她的梦想是当一名主管工程师。England5iNglEnd n. 英格兰：He visited England last month. 他上月访问了英国。/ I was watching the England Germany football match on TV. 我正在收看电视上播的英德足球赛。English5iNgliF n. 英语；英国人：What are they in English? 这些东西用英语怎么说？/ The English have a wonderful sense of humor. 英国人的幽默感很强。adj. 英国的；英国人的：This is English money. 这是英国钱币。【短语】 in English 用英语(表达)：How can I speak “王府井” in English? 怎么用英语说“王府井”？enjoyin5dVCi v. 喜欢；享受乐趣：He often enjoys music on the radio. 他常常欣赏收音机里的音乐。/ I enjoy boating. 我喜欢划船。【短语】enjoy oneself 玩得高兴；过得愉快：I enjoyed myself at the party. 这次聚会我玩得很高兴。enjoyablein5dVCiEbl adj. 愉快的，有趣的：We had a most enjoyable journey. 我们度过了一次最愉快的旅行。enoughi5nQf adj. 足够的，充分的：Theres enough food for everyone. 有足够每个人吃的食物。/ One will be enough. 一个就够了。adv. 足够地，充分地：I didnt bring a big enough bag. 我带来的包不够大。【用法】enough用作形容词，通常与复数名词或不可数名词连用，且多放在被修饰名词之前(在正式文体中也可放被修饰名词后)。如：We have not enough time time enough. 我们时间不够了。当enough用作副词修饰形容词时须后置。He is old enough to join the army. 他到了参军的年龄。 enter5entE v. 进入：Please enter the house by the back door. 请从后门进屋。【用法】如表示进入某一具体场所、机构、建筑物等，是及物动词，其后一般不接介词into，如：He entered the sitting-room quietly. 他悄悄地进了起居室。/ He entered the army last year. 他去年参军了。entrance5entrEns n. 入口：Where is the entrance to this building? 这栋建筑的入口在哪里？/ Ill meet you at the entrance to the theatre. 我约你在剧院门口见。environmentin5vaiErEnmEnt n. 环境：Good home environment is very important for childrens growth. 好的家庭环境对孩子们的成长很重要。escapei5skeip n. 逃走：The this jumped into a car and made his escape. 小偷跳上一辆汽车逃走了。v. 逃走：Two prisoners have escaped. 有两个囚犯逃走了。especiallyi5speFEli adv. 特别，尤其：Aunt Alice loves animals, especially dogs. 爱丽斯阿姨喜欢动物，尤其爱狗。/ I love cold drinks, especially in summer. 我很爱喝冷饮，特别是在夏天。evei:v n. 前夕，前日：New Years Eve is the day before 1 January. 除夕是元旦的前一天。/ We are giving a party on Christmas Eve. 我们将在圣诞前夕举行晚会。【注意】eve指宗教节日、假日的前日或重大事件即将发生的时刻。even5I:vn adv. 甚至，更：Even a child can understand it. 连小孩子都懂得这一点。/ He speaks French even better than English. 他的法语比英语说得更好。【短语】even though 即使：I shall go even though it rains. 即使下雨，我也要去。/ It is better to ask him even though he (should) refuse. 即使他将拒绝，我们还是去问他比较好。evening5i:vniN n. 傍晚，晚上：The evening was cool. 傍晚很凉快。/ Did you read the evening paper today? 你读过今天的晚报了吗？eventi5vent n. 大事，事件：The first day at school is a big event in a childs life. 第一天上学在孩子的一生中是件大事。/ The founding of the Peoples Republic of China is a great event in the history of mankind.中华人民共和国的成立是人类历史上的一件大事。ever5evE adv. 曾经：Have you ever climbed a mountain? 你爬过山吗？/ No one has ever done so before. 从来没有人这样做过。【用法】主要用于否定句、疑问句、条件句、比较句等，其意大致相当于汉语的“曾经”、“以前”等，有时往往有较活的译法。如：Have you ever been to Paris? 你(曾)去过巴黎吗?【短语】 ever since 从那时起，以后一直：Ive never got any letters from him ever since he left. 自他离开以后，我一直未收到他的信。every5evri adj. 每一；每个的：Every student must read this book. 每个学生必须读这本书。/ Not every man can be a poet. 并不是每个人都能成为诗人。【用法】从强调重点上看，each 侧重个体，every 则侧重整体(与 all接近)。如：He shook hands with each player in turn after the game. 比赛结束后，他同运动员一一握手。/ Every player was on top form. 每个运动员都处于最佳状态。everybody5evribCdi pron. 每人，人人：Everybody admired him. 人人都钦佩他。/ Is everybody here? 大家都来了吗？everyone5evriwQn pron. 每人，人人：Everyone wears a blue uniform. 人人都穿着蓝制服。/ Does everyone agree to this proposal? 大家都同意这个建议吗？everything5evriWiN pron. 每件事；每样东西：I want to teach my students everything I know. 我要把我知道的一切教给我的学生。/ To know everything is to know nothing. 样样通，样样松。everywhere5evriweE adv. 到处，无论哪里：Ive looked everywhere, but I still cant find it. 我找遍了所有地方也找不到。exactlyig5zAktli adv. 准确地；严格地：Please tell me exactly what he said. 请准确地把他的话告诉我。/ His answer was exactly right. 他的答案完全正确。examig5zAm n. (口语)考试：The exam lasted two hours. 考试进行了两小时。/ She passed her exams with success. 她考试成绩很好。【注意】exam的完整形式是examination。exampleig5zB:mpl n. 例子，榜样：Give me some examples. 给我举几个例子。/ We all follow his example. 我们都以他为榜样。【短语】for example 例如：A lot of us want to leave nowBill, for example for example, Bill. 我们很多人现在都想走比如，比尔就是一例。excellent5eksElEnt adj. 极好的，优秀的：He is in excellent health. 他的健康状况极好。/ He is excellent in French. 他法语极好。exceptik5sept prep. 除之外：We all went except Tom. 除了汤姆，我们都去了。/ We went nowhere except to the school. 除了学校，我们哪儿也没有去。【辨析】except for和except：except 主要用来谈论同类的东西，而 except for则主要用来谈论不同类的东西，有时含有惋惜之意。如：All compositions are well written except yours. 除了你的作文外，其他的作文都写得很好。/ His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. 他的作文写得不错，只是有几处拼写错误。excitedik5saitid adj. 兴奋的，激动的：I was very excited by the news. 我为这消息而感到非常兴奋。/ The excited boy rushed off to the playground. 那个兴奋的男孩朝操场跑去。【短语】be excited about 对感到兴奋：Paul was excited about his first trip in an airplane. 保罗第一次坐飞机很兴奋。excitingik5saitiN adj. 令人兴奋的：I heard some exciting news this morning. 我今天早晨听到了一些振奋人心的消息。/ The football match we watched last Sunday was very exciting. 我们上个星期天看的足球赛很使人兴奋()。【辨析】excited 和exciting：excited主要指人自己感到激动或兴奋，涉及的对象往往是指人的名词；而exciting主要指令人激动或兴奋的事，它所涉及的往往是指事物的名词。如：The excited children were opening their Christmas presents. 激动的孩子在打开圣诞礼物。/ Skiing is more exciting than skating. 滑雪比滑冰更刺激。excuseik5skju:z v. 原谅：Excuse me, may I use your bike? 对不起，我可以借用你的自行车吗？/ Excuse