中西时间观念的对比分析.ppt

ReflectionsofTimeConcept Linearextensionandcircularrotation线伸环旋 Western extension senseoftimeshortage futurevaluedChinese rotation senseoftimeabundance pastcherished Timeisariver atorrent awaterfall Timeismarching flyingandflowing Timeiscomparedtowater Timeandtidewaitfornoman Timelostisneverfoundagain Timeisthedevourerofeverything Ovid RomanPoet43B C EnglishPoet 1608 1674 EnglishPlaywright 1564 1616 时间是一切事物的吞食者 奥维特 Timeisthesubtlethiefofyouth Milton Timeismostbriskandgiddy paced Shakespeare 时间是窃走青春的神秘盗贼 弥尔顿 时间步伐如此迅疾 令人眼花缭乱 莎士比亚 QuotationsfromPoets 昨天 今天 明天 Time sPacesWhenIwasababeandweptandslept Timecrept WhenIwasaboyandlaughedandtalked Timewalked Thenwhentheyearssawmeaman Timeran ButasIoldergrew Timeflew Soon asIjourneyon I llfindtimegone MayChristhavesavedmysoul bythen Amen GuyPentreath 1902 1985 春与秋其代序 屈原 离骚 Springalternateswithautumn 日月光华 旦复旦兮 尚书大传 上卷 Thesunalternateswiththemoon Dayscomeoneafteranothersoon Timeislikeacircle 失之东隅 收之桑榆 Whatislostatsunrisecanberegainedatsunset 冯异 Idiom 时来运转Thefavorofthetimecyclebringsgoodluck Afterextremebadluck comesgoodluck 枯木逢春犹再发Awitheredtreecomestolifeagain Americansbelievetimeisalimitedresource theytrytoconserveandmanageit Peopledoalltheycantosqueezemorelifeoutoftheirtime Doyoulovelife Thendonotwastetime forthatisthestufflifeismadeof SubjectivetimeandobjectivetimeAmericansseetimeasavaluableresource Maybethat swhytheyarefondoftheexpression Timeismoney Americansenseoftimeshortage deadlines plans appointments pocketplanners calendars accountings ontime intime timemanagements timetables agendas schedules Americansseemtiedtotheclock TheBlockbuster Americanlifestylesshowhowmuchpeoplerespectthetimeofothers Whenpeopleplananevent theyoftensetthetimedaysorweeksinadvance Oncethetimeisfixed ittakesalmostanemergencytochangeit Ifpeoplewanttocometoyourhouseforafriendlyvisit theywillusuallycallfirsttomakesureitisconvenient Tooutsiders Americansseemtiedtotheclock Peopleinotherculturesvaluerelationshipsmorethanschedules Inthesesocieties peopledon ttrytocontroltime buttoexperienceit Chinese forexample viewtimeasacycle Theyfinditeasierto gowiththeflow thanAmericans wholikeplanstobefixedandunchangeable Lineartimeconcept Timeismarchingforward Losttimeisneverfoundagain Timeisalimitedresource Timeismoney valueit Punctuality Respect Lifestyle CauseandEffect Chinesesenseoftimeabundance TheChinesenation sconceptoftimeisrootedinthecultureoffarmingtime timehasacloserelationwiththenature Timeisreallyfleeting butitalsocircleliketheconstantlychangingoffourseasons andthesunandthemooncyclealternately itwillcomebacksoon sopeopleusuallythinkthatthelosttimecouldbeback Thiskindofviewoftimeshapedpeopleasensethattimeisrich andalsonurturedahabitofleisureandslowlivinghabit Cases TimeforChineseismoreflexibleandmorehuman centered TheyusuallyscheduleseveralactivitiesatthesametimeTheyusuallyputinterpersonalrelationsabovethescheduleThebigshotusuallyislate 慢走 慢用 慢慢看 慢慢做 慢慢商量 慢慢欣赏 慢慢来 Americanfutureorientation thewesterners especiallytheAmericans wereinfluencedbytheChristian originalsin tendingtobelieve menattheirbirth arenaturallyevil Somostofthemchoosethefuturistictimeorientation Suchas A 跟上时代 keepingupwiththetime B 关注未来 keepinganeyeonthefuture astheactionguidance C Itwaswidelybelievedthatequalityinopportunitiesforeverybody insignificanceinhistory Iftheyworkhard itwillbesuccessful Changemeansprogress andnewthingsarealwaysbetterthantheoldthings Chinesepastorientation ChinaastherepresentativeofAsianschoosetolookbackinthetimeorientationCulturalfactors Asians especiallytheChinese wasinfluencedbytraditionalConfucianculture sotendingtobelieve Menattheirbirtharenaturallygood Andsocialguidanceinclinetotradition Expressions A consideringwhetherthismatterhasbeendoneoverthepastandwhatthesuccessfulexperienceandlessonsfromfailuresis B worshippingofancestors respectingtheelderlyandteachers attachingimportancetoexperience age whichhasrelationwiththepast Theword Lao inChinausedtoshowrespecttothosewhoaremoreexperiencedandusuallyolder like LaoLi LaoWang Inthiswayweshowrespectandamitytotheoldpeople whichindicatesapasttimeorientation Chinesebelongtothe pasttimeorientation andtheChinesenationhavealonghistoryforfivethousandyears sopeopleinChinaattachgreatimportancetohistoryandtradition AlthoughcontemporaryChinesepeoplealsopayattentiontolookforward past alsotakeanimportantroleinpeople sdeepheart Ontheotherhand peopleholdadifferentattitudeonthepredecessors Thisisbecausethecleardifferenceintheattitudetotheword old Soyoumustusesomeeuphemism suchas senior aged veteran citizen goldenager elder etc AllthesereflecttheAmerican s future oriented conceptionoftimeindirectly Theythinkthatpastthingarejustthepast theynevertreatpastthingasagoodthing Oldmeansmaturity fullofwisdomandexperience old means useless hopeless Oldmeansuseless hopeless fragile approachingtodeath 昨天 今天 明天 InTheSilentLanguage Halllaysemphasisonthevoicesoftime Timetalks Itspeaksmoreplainlythanwords Themessageitconveyscomesthroughloudandclear Becauseitismanipulatedlessconsciously itissubjecttolessdistortionthanthespokenlanguage Itcanshoutthetruthwherewordslie EdwardTwitchellHall Changes WiththeaccelerationoftheChina smodernization andtheincreaseofforeignexchange weareconstantlyabsorbingintheessenceoftheforeignculture andtheconceptoftimealsograduallychanged ThelinearsenseoftimegraduallyengagedintotheChineseculture Meanwhile westerners understandingandacceptancedegreetotraditionalChinesecultureisconstantlyimproving withtheincreaseofvariousculturalcommunication thephenomenonofculturalfusionalsoincreased Chineseandwes