【步步高】2017高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 Robots素材 新人教版选修7.doc

Unit 2 Robots话题词汇1affection n喜爱2alarmed adj.惊恐的3digital adj.数字的；数码的4desire v渴望；想要5breakthrough n突破6advanced adj.先进的；高级的7experiment with用做实验8test out试验9dream about/of梦想；梦到10with the rapid development of随着的快速发展经典语篇假设你将参加英语报社开展的一次征文活动，征文的主题是“What peoples life will be like in 2100？”。请以此为题，根据下列提示写一篇英语短文。1人类可能到太空度假。2某些科学家可能在海底生活。3孩子们可以通过因特网接受教育。4机器人帮你做饭，打扫卫生。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以根据提示，适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。佳作欣赏I have been dreaming of the life in 2100.What will it be like？It is likely that people will go to space for a holiday.Besides，some scientists will lead a life under the sea.Whats more，in the remote areas，children wont need to get up early and come back home late，because there is a long distance between their homes and schools.They will study at their own homes through the Internet.Many people，including you and me，dont like to do housework.In 2100，there is no doubt that every family will have a robot.Every day what we can do is to tell the robot to do all we must do，such as cooking and doing some cleaning etc .I strongly believe the dream will come true in the future.思维发散1将第句改为简单句People are likely to go to space for a holiday.2将第句进行句型转换Besides/In addition/Furthermore/Moreover，in the remote areas，children wont need to get up early and come back home late.3仿照第句翻译句子毫无疑问，有一天会找到治疗方法的。Theres no doubt that one day a cure will be found.4仿照第句用such as.完成句子他已明白：一个男孩逐渐养成坏习惯如抽烟、酗酒等很容易，但是戒掉它们就没那么容易了。(2016湖北十堰联考)He has got to know that it is easy for a boy to slide into the bad habits，such as smoking and drinking，which are not so easy to get rid of.重点单词A写作单词1sympathy (n.)同情(心)2favour (n.)喜爱；恩惠；(vt.)喜爱；偏袒3declare (vt.)宣布；声明；表明；宣称4staff (n.)全体员工；手杖5talent (n.)天才；特殊能力；才干6desire (n.)渴望；欲望；渴求；(vt.)希望得到；想要desirable (adj.)值得要的；令人满意的7alarm (n.)警报；惊恐；(vt.)使警觉；使惊恐；惊动 alarmed (adj.)担心的；害怕的alarming (adj.)令人惊慌的8accompany (vt.)陪伴；伴奏 company (n.)公司；同伴9obey (vt.& vi.)服从；顺从disobey (vt.& vi.)不服从；违抗10divorce (n.)离婚；断绝关系；(vt.)与离婚；与脱离marry (vt.)与结婚11junior (adj.)较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的；(n.)年少者；晚辈；等级较低者senior (adj.)较年长的；资历较深的；地位较高的；(n.)年长者；等级较高者B阅读单词12awful (adj.)极坏的；极讨厌的；可怕的；(口语)糟透的13affair (n.)事务；事情；暧昧关系14fiction (n.)小说；虚构或想象出来的事15bonus (n.)额外津贴；奖金；红利16overweight (adj.)超重的；体重超常的17elegant (adj.)优雅的；高雅的；讲究的18scan (vt.) 细看；仔细检查；粗略地看；浏览；扫描19absurd (adj.)荒谬的；可笑的20clerk (n.)售货员；职员；旅馆接待员21grand (adj.)大的；豪华的；雄伟的22biography (n.)(由他人撰写的)传记；传记文学23holy (adj.)神的；上帝的；圣洁的24chapter (n.) (书中的)章；篇；回25digital (adj.)数字的；数码的；手指的；脚趾的26satisfaction (n.)满意；满足；令人满意的事物satisfy (vt.)使满意；使满足satisfied (adj.)感到满意的；感到满足的satisfying/satisfactory (adj.)令人满意的；令人满足的27envy (vt.)忌妒；羡慕envious (adj.)嫉妒的；羡慕的enviously (adv.)羡慕地；嫉妒地28receiver (n.)收件人；接收机；电话听筒receive (vt.)收到29affection (n.)喜爱；爱；感情affect (vt.)影响；感染30parttime (adj.)兼职的fulltime (adj.)全职的31theoretical (adj.)理论(上)的；假设的theory (n.)理论32thinking (n.)思想；思考thought (n.)想法33assessment (n.)评价；评定assess (vt.)评价；评定.重点短语1test out考验出；检验完2ring up给打电话3turn around转身；翻转4leave.alone不管；别惹；让一个人待着；和单独在一起5set aside将放在一边；为节省或保留(钱或时间)6in all一共；总计7be bound to一定做.经典句式1As she turned around，there stood Gladys Claffern.她刚一转过身去，就看到格拉迪斯克拉芬站在那里。2It was then that Claire realized that Tony had opened the curtains of the front window.也就是在那时候，克莱尔才意识到托尼已经把前边窗户的窗帘拉开了。3But even though Tony had been so clever，he would have to be rebuiltyou cannot have women falling in love with machines.但是，尽管托尼很聪明，他还得被重新改建总不能让女人与机器相爱吧。4Asimov began having stories published in science fiction magazines in 1939.在1939年阿西莫夫开始在科幻杂志上发表小说。.课文语法填空A robot 1.used(use) for housework was tested out in a family.He looked like a tall and handsome man with smooth black hair,2.speaking(speak) in a deep voice.Larry was going to be away from home so he hired such a robot to accompany his wife Claire.Claire didnt like the idea at the beginning,3.but she agreed to it at last.4.At her first sight of Tony，Claire was alarmed.When Tony offered to help her dressing，Claire felt 5.embarrassed(embarrass).6.Gradually(gradual)，Tony began to win Claires trust.He helped Claire realize her dreams by making her home elegant，giving her a new haircut，changing the makeup she wore and giving her advice on her dresses.Therefore，at the party all the guests 7.who were invited 8.were filled(fill) with admiration when they saw her house was 9.completely(complete) changed.After the test，the company was satisfied with Tonys report 10.because he had successfully made a woman regain her confidence.1. desire n.渴望；欲望；渴求(wish；anxiety)；渴望的人或物；vt.希望得到；想要(want)应试指导虚拟语气的考查have a strong desiredesire to do sth.渴望做某事desire sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事(1)However，the desire for higher quality has no natural limits.然而，对于更高质量的追求没有自然极限。(2)His mother desired him to be a teacher.他母亲希望他当老师。特别提醒desire后接宾语从句或同位语从句，从句中谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should可省略。多维训练(1)单句语法填空Anyone desiring(desire) to vote must come to the meeting.I desire that these letters (should) be burnt(burn) after my death.(2)一句多译他希望赢得这场比赛。He desired to win the game.(desire v)He had a desire to win the game.(desire n)He desired that he (should) win the game.(desire that.)2. favour n.帮助；喜爱；恩惠；赞同；vt.喜爱；偏袒ask a favour of sb.求人帮一个忙do a favour for sb.do sb.a favour帮某人一个忙in favour of赞成，主张in ones favour对某人有利(1)May I ask a favour of you?请您帮个忙好吗？(2)Was he in favour of the plan?他赞成这个计划吗？多维训练(1)目前汇率对我们有利。The exchange rate is in our favour at the moment.(2)他们中大多数人支持我的看法，然而大卫却反对。Most of them were in favour of my opinion while David was against it.(3)劳驾，我在打电话时把收音机的声音调小点好吗？Do me a favour and turn the radio down while Im on the phone，will you?3. accompany vt.陪同，陪伴(keep pany)；伴随，与同时发生(happen with)；为伴奏应试指导(1)分词作状语的考查；(2)作为高级词汇替换go with(1)accompany sb.to some place陪伴某人去某地accompany sb.at/on用为某人伴奏accompany.with/by与同时存在或发生(2)company n.公司；作伴；伴侣keep pany陪伴某人in company with与一起(3)companion n.同伴，伙伴(1)Ken agreed to accompany me on a trip to Africa.肯答应陪我一起去非洲旅行。(2)The proposal was instantly voted through with two to one in favor，accompanied by enthusiastic applause.在热烈的掌声中，提案以2比1的优势很快通过了表决。图解助记特别提醒(1)accompany是及物动词，不要在其后误加介词with，如不说：Thunder accompanies with lightning.但是，用于被动语态的accompany后可接介词with或by。 (2)习惯上不接不定式的复合结构作宾语，如下句中的to go应去掉： He accompanied her to go to the station.。(3) accompanied by连接主语时，并不影响主语的数。多维训练(1)选词填空Last night，my companions kept me company to see a film and then they accompanied me to my home.(2)单句语法填空She accompanied the singer at/on the piano.They usually went shopping in company with each other.The architect，accompanied by his associates，is(be) surveying the land now.(3)单句改错I shall accompany him to visit Beijing.去掉visit 4. declare v.宣布；声明；表明；宣称(state)declare.to be.宣布为declare war on.向宣战declare for/against表示赞成/反对declare that.宣布(1)The UN.has declared it to be a safe zone.联合国已宣布它为安全区。(2)He declared that he would fight for his right.他宣称要为他的权利而斗争。多维训练(1)单句语法填空Only a month earlier，Mr.Stenholm had declared for/against the tax cut.It was the year when Britain declared war on Germany.It has been declared(declare) already that the contract is illegal. (2)一句多译他断言那是真的。He declared that it was true.(declare that.)He declared it to be true.(declare.to be.)5. leave.alone不打扰；不理会；不管；别惹；让一个人待着；和单独在一起leave aside不考虑；搁置一边leave out删掉；漏掉；不理会；忽视leave behind遗留；把丢在后面leave.for.离开去leave宾语宾补 使处于(1)They said that they had been left alone for days with no food in the house.他们说他们被单独留在房子里已经好几天了，没有食物。(2)We tried to be friendly，but his refusal made us think he wanted to be left alone.我们试图友善，但他的拒绝使我们认为他不想被打扰。多维训练(1)单句语法填空They were so careless that they left out an important detail.We will leave for London next week.Leave aside，for a moment，the question of who is right.He was left behind in physics after he missed three classes.I left the door unlocked(unlock) when I went out.(2)同义句改写If he is left alone，how is he supposed to live in such a harsh environment like this？(用过去分词短语作状语改写)Left alone，how is he supposed to live in such a harsh environment like this?6. alarm v.使警觉；使惊恐；惊动；n.警报；惊恐多维训练(1)单句语法填空We were alarmed at the alarming sound.(alarm)On hearing the scream，he jumped up in alarm.(2)同义句改写The birds were alarmed by the noise and flew away.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)Alarmed by the noise，the birds flew away. 7. sympathy n.同情(心)；赞同；支持多维训练(1)单句语法填空I dont have much sympathy for herI think she has brought her troubles on herself.He suffered from back trouble too，so he was very sympathetic(sympathy) about my problem.We looked at the child with sympathy.(2)完成句子He gave the poor child much help out of sympathy (出于同情)Im sure he will be in sympathy with(赞同) your proposal.8. Asimov began having stories published in science fiction magazines in 1939.,在1939年阿西莫夫开始在科幻杂志上发表小说。句型公式：have sth.done(1)have sth.done中过去分词作宾补，表示被动的含义，有时也可用get sth.done来替换，该结构的意思是“使某事被做”，有时翻译成“请人做某事”或“主语遭遇到某事”。(2)have sb.do sth.让某人做某事，表示经常性的动作或某次具体的动作，不定式必须省略to。宾语是动作的执行者。(3)have sb./sth.doing sth.让某人一直做某事(某事处于某种状态)；用于否定句，have表示“容忍，容许”之意。(4)have sth.to do有事要做，have意为“有”。(1)I usually have my clothes washed on Sundays，but I dont wash my clothes myself.我通常在星期天洗衣服，但不是我自己洗。(2)Youd better have your car running slowly.你最好把车子开慢点。多维训练单句语法填空(1)The two men had the lights burning(burn) all night long.(2)Ill have the gardener plant(plant) some trees.(3)I will go to the post office.Do you have any letters to be posted(post)?(4)I had my watch repaired(repair) yesterday.(5)I wont have you speaking(speak) to your father like that.语境填词1Several boys were crowding around Chad，who declared(宣称) with a proud smile that he sold six dozen the day before.(2015湖北)2Children，when accompanied(陪伴) by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.(2014湖南)3All of a sudden，a warm feeling of sympathy(同情) rose up in my heart.(2014重庆)4More and more students favour(赞同) laptops for notetaking because they can write more notes.(2014辽宁)5Twothirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital(数字的) products.(2014辽宁).单句语法填空1It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I had done(do) it？(2014重庆)2It is standard practice for a company like this one to employ a security officer.(2014山东)3Mark and his brother Jason both were looking at the shinning new computer enviously(envy)(2012江西)4One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction(satisfy) as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions.(2015江苏)5Lionel Messi，having set the record for the most goals in a calendar year，is considered the most talented(talent) football player in Europe.(2013江苏)6Tim is in good shape physically even though/if he doesnt get much exercise.(2010湖南)7Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection(affect) and emotions.(2014湖南)8At some point in all of our lives，well have our trust tested(test) or violated.(2015全国)9You were the teacher who helped me discover my talent for math.(2012广东)10My dear love：those lazy boys need something to wake them up.There are bound to be(be) jobs going.(2013福建).短语填空1Contrary to peoples expectations，most of the Chinese mothers are not in favour of the authors way she educated children.(2011广东)2After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found his parents were missing.(2015全国)3At first，I just wanted to get my degree and be left alone.(2013山东)4In much of the animal world，night is the time set aside for sleeppure and simple.(2013湖北)5But when I saw her licking(舔) the four puppies(幼犬)，I started to feel sympathy towards them.(2010北京).完成句子1因此很可能那位著名的作家去过海滩并在加尔维斯顿寄宿房里待过。So it was possible that the famous author had gone to the beach and stayed in the Galveston boardinghouse.(2014陕西)2直到信快结束的时候，她才提到了自己的计划。It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan.(2013天津)3大家都来了吗？还没有看！其余的客人来了。Is everyone here?Not yet.Look，there come the rest of our guests! (2010江苏)4学校规定，除非由成年人陪伴，孩子不允许白天出校门。The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day，unless accompanied by an adult.(2010山东)写作素材(关于评价)1珍妮是一家公司的老板，她很珍惜员工的支持与同情。2所有员工都认为她是一位优雅、有才干的女士，然而在过去，他们都说她荒谬糟糕。3所以说评价也许会随时间而改变。4珍妮渴望她的公司越来越好。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用who引导的定语从句，what引导的主语从句等。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)Jenny，who is boss of a company，values the support and sympathy of her staff very much.All the staff think her to be an elegant and talented woman，while in the past，what they said about her was absurd and awful.So assessments may change over time.Jenny desires that her company become better and better.阅读理解AThere is a technology that may someday be widely used as a way to identify people.An American doctor can plant a computer chip under his skin which can send personal information to a scanner.The chip gives off information which will be scanned by a handheld reader.The chip is similar to that planted in more than 1 million dogs，cats and other pets in recent years to track and identify them.The doctor decided to test the chip himself after the World Trade Center disaster.He thought the dead in the disaster could have been identified if their names and other important information had been chipped.Officials of the company said they hope to sell the chips to patients with manmade arms or legs.The idea is that the chip will provide immediate and correct medical information when it is needed.The information can contain name，telephone number and other information.Or it can send out a message that，when connected to a computer，can call up records.The scanner can read it through clothes from over a meter away.The new product also could be used to control prisoners.Workplaces of great importance may want to use the chips for employees，too.Some parents may consider planting chips in young children or elderly relatives who may be unable to say their names，addresses or telephone numbers.Some medical and technology specialists said the product raises new questions about the relationship between humans and computer technology and could cause problems if it is used against someones wishes，or if your personal information is read by those who should not see it.1In the text，computer chips have already been used to .Acatch escaped prisonersBfind missing childrenCtreat sick peopleDfollow lost animals答案D解析细节理解题。从文中第二段第一句可知，芯片早已被应用到一百多万只动物身上，来跟踪它们，在走丢时找到它们，故选D。2The doctor decided to test the chips himself because .Anobody would dare to try itBthe chip could be used for identification purposesCthe chip had been proved successful on animalsDhis patients expected him to experience it first答案B解析细节理解题。从第二段第三句“He thought the dead in the disaster could have been identified if their names and other important information had been chipped.”可知答案，故选B。3We can learn from the passage that .Athe chip has been proven to be very successfulBthe use of this chip will be favored by everybodyCdoctors will make a lot of money by using chipsDthere will be a great market for chip planting in humans答案D解析推理判断题。从文中第四段最后三句话可推断，这种新产品的市场很大，应用范围很广，故选D。4What problem may be caused by planting chips in the human bodies?APersonal information may be used improperly.BChips can be the causes of various diseases.CComputers could send out wrong information.DSick people will be controlled by computers.答案A解析细节理解题。从文中最后一段的“.could cause problems if it is used against someones wishes，or if personal information is read by those.”可知答案，故选A。BI log onto a computer at the doctors office to say I have arrived and then wait until a voice calls me into the examination room.There，a robotic nurse directs me onto a device and then takes my blood pressure.Some time later，in steps the doctor，who is also a robot.He notes down my symptoms and gives me a prescription(处方)I pay for my visit using a credit card machine and return home without having met another human being.When I call my dentists office and actually get a human being on the line，I am thrilled.And when I see the introduction of yet more selfservice checkout stations at the grocery store，I feel like shouting，“When it comes to cashiers，make mine human，please！”After all，human cashiers sometimes give you a store coupon(优惠券) for items you are buying.Even more than that，reallife cashiers often take an interest in particularly cute children，which can brighten a young mothers day.A cashier may also show compassion(同情) for an elderly person struggling to get that last penny out of her purse.What technological device would do any of this？I dont want to go back to the Stone Age，but Im also worried about a world run by machines.Sometimes when youre chatting with someone，you discover things you need to know.Maybe a receptionist needs prayers said for a sick child.Maybe a salesperson can offer a bit of encouragement to a customer who is feeling tired.Machines can be efficient and costeffective and they often get the job done just fine.But they lack an element so important to everyday life.Call it the spirit，the soul or the heart.It is something no machine will ever have.It is being human that prompts us to smile at others，which may be what they need at that moment.5Whats the authors purpose in writing the first two paragraphs?ATo indicate high technology can make our future life very easy.BTo describe a possible future scene where robots