《国际贸易实务》重点词汇.doc

国际贸易实务重点词汇Chapter 1 Introduction to International TradeNational Development and Reform Commission 国家发展和改革委员会export-driven economic growth 出口导向型经济增长export tax rebates 出口退税 export taxes 出口关税excess Liquidity 流动性过剩 trade frictions 贸易摩擦international trade 国际贸易 world trade 世界贸易foreign trade 对外贸易 overseas trade 海外贸易trade in goods 货物贸易 trade in services 服务贸易self-sufficient 自给自足 economic resources 经济资源visible trade 有形贸易 invisible trade 无形贸易dumping倾销 tourism 旅游业balance of trade 贸易差额 host country东道国 barter 物物交换，以货易货，货物交易，易货贸易favorable balance of trade 贸易顺差(trade surplus)unfavorable balance of trade 贸易逆差(trade deficit)Balance of Payments 国际收支平衡，国际收支差额favorable balance of payments 国际收支顺差unfavorable balance of payments 国际收支逆差International Monetary Fund（IMF） 国际货币基金组织Foreign Direct Investment（FDI） 对外直接投资，外商直接投资Portfolio Investment 间接投资Chapter 2 International Trade Policytrade protectionism 贸易保护主义 free trade 自由贸易the national interest 国家利益 Doha trade talks 多哈贸易谈判acquisitions 购并 trade barriers 贸易壁垒infant industries 幼稚产业 quantitative restrictions 数量限制 encouragements 鼓励 import tariff 进口关税 tariff barriers关税壁垒 non-tariff barriers（NTB） 非关税壁垒export taxes 出口关税 export subsidies 出口补贴protective tariffs 保护性关税 revenue tariff 财政关税specific duties 从量税 ad valorem duties 从价税compound duties 复合税 import quota 进口配额 binding quota限制性(绑定)配额 non-binding quota不具约束力的配额 tariff-rate quotas 关税配额 zero quota零配额 absolute quotas 绝对配额 market failures 市场失灵domestic content国内含量 licensing system 许可证制度red-tape barriers 进口环节壁垒 “buy local” rules 本地采购规则domestic supply 国内供给 domestic demand 国内需求floor price 最低限价 shortfall of supply 供应短缺Government Procurement Policies 歧视性政府采购政策 Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTS) 美国协调关税明细表Harmonized System 商品名称及编码协调制度International Harmonized Commodity Coding and Classification System商品名称及编码协调制度World Customs Organization (WCO)世界海关组织Customs Tariff of Import/Export of the Peoples Republic of China中华人民共和国进出口关税条例Voluntary Export Restraint（VER） 自动出口限制Multi-Fiber Arrangement 多种纤维协定Domestic Content Requirements 国内成分要求Government Procurement Policies 政府采购政策Buy America Act of 1933 1933年购买美国货法案Export Enhancement Program（EEP） 美国的出口促进计划Dairy Export Incentive Program（DEIP） 奶制品出口激励项目Chapter 3 Trade Bloc and Trade Blockopen regionalism 开放的区域主义 trade liberalization 贸易自由化 most favored nation 最惠国 multilateralism 多边主义 Doha round 多哈回合 discriminatory tariffs 歧视性关税 “spaghetti bowl”意大利面碗 tariff rates 关税税率 trade discrimination 贸易歧视 country of origin原产地 trade bloc 贸易集团 trade block 贸易禁运 bilateral free trade agreements 双边自由贸易协定PTAs（preferential trade agreements） 特殊优惠贸易协议APEC （Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation Organization） 亚太经合组织FTAAP（Free Trade Agreement of Asia and the Pacific） 亚太自由贸易协定NAFTA（North American Free Trade Agreement）北美自由贸易区MERCOSUR 南方共同市场SCCM（Southern Common Markets） 南方共同市场ASEAN（Association of Southeast Asian Nations）东南亚国家联盟AFTA（ASEAN Free Trade Area） 东盟自由贸易区EU（European Union） 欧盟（欧洲联盟）EFTA（European Free Trade Area） 欧洲自由贸易区EEC（European Economic Community） 欧洲经济共同体EC（the European Community） 欧洲共同体free trade area 自由贸易区 customs union 关税同盟 common market共同市场 economic union 经济同盟，经济联盟 trade embargoes 贸易禁运 economic sanctions 经济制裁 boycotts抵制 multilateral trade agreements多边贸易协定United Nations 联合国 trade elasticity 贸易弹性Chapter 4 WTO：A Navigation Guidefranchise特许经营 Uruguay Round 乌拉圭回合WTO Agreements 世界贸易组织协议 World Bank 世界银行Doha Development Agenda 多哈发展议程（多哈回合谈判）GATT（General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade） 关税与贸易总协定WTO（World Trade Organization） 世界贸易组织IMF（International Monetary Fund） 国际货币基金组织Appellate Body 上诉机构Dispute Settlement Panels 争端解决专门小组Plurilateral Committees 诸边协议委员会Ministerial Conference 部长会议1. The General Council 常务理事会2. The Dispute Settlement Body 争端解决机构3. The Trade Policy Review Body 贸易政策审议机构1. Goods Council 货物贸易理事会2. Services Council 服务贸易理事会3. TRIPS Council 与贸易有关的知识产权理事会The Textiles Monitoring Body 纺织品监督机构Heads of Delegations（HOD） 代表团首脑The Secretariat 秘书处sustainable development 可持续发展Plurilateral Trade Agreement 诸边(复边)贸易协定Marrakesh Ministerial Meeting 马拉喀什部长会议（摩洛哥）TRIPS Agreement 与贸易有关的知识产权协定Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights（TRIPS）与贸易有关的知识产权General Agreement on Trade in Services （GATS） 服务贸易总协定Trade-Related Investment Measures （TRIMS）与贸易有关的投资措施Trade Without Discrimination 贸易无歧视Urgent Importing Measures紧急进口措施Most-Favored-Nation Treatment 最惠国待遇contracting parties 缔约国 plurilateral agreements诸边协议national treatment 国民待遇 transparency 透明度market access 市场准入 navigation guide 导航patronage nations施惠国 favored nations 受惠国Chapter 5 International Trade TermsL/C issuing date 信用证的开证日期 seasonal commodity季节性商品partial shipment 分批装运 transshipment 转运shipment 装运 terms of payment 支付条件draft 汇票 liner 班轮trade terms，price terms，delivery terms 贸易术语，价格术语，交货术语Warsaw-Oxford Rules 1932 1932年华沙-牛津规则International Law Association 国际法律协会Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions 1941 1941年美国对外贸易定义修正本International Chamber of Commerce（ICC） 国际商会INCOTERMS 2000 2000年国际贸易术语解释通Value added tax（VAT） 增值税United Nations Commission on International Trade Law（UNCITRAL）联合国国际贸易法律委员会multi-modal Transport多式联运 inland waterway transportation内陆水运customs clearance清关 shipboard（Ships Rail） 船舷 documentary sales 单据买卖 cover insurance 投保symbolic delivery象征性交货 unloading charge 卸货费frontier 边境 quay 码头 trim 平舱 stow 理舱EXW （Ex Works）工厂交货 FCA （Free Carrier）货交承运人FAS （Free Alongside Ship）船边交货FOB（Free on Board）装运港船上交货FOB Liner Terms (FOB班轮条件)FOB Under Tackle (FOB吊钩下交货)FOB Stowed(FOB 包理舱费在内 )FOB Trimmed(FOB 包平舱费在内)CFR（Cost and Freight） 成本加运费CFR Liner Terms(CFR班轮条件) CFR Landed(CFR卸到岸上)CFR Ex-Ships Hold(CFR舱底交货)CIF（Cost, Insurance and Freight）成本加保险费加运费CPT（Carriage Paid to） 运费付至CIP（Carriage and Insurance Paid to） 运费、保险费付至DAF（Delivered at Frontier） 边境交货DES（Delivered Ex Ship） 目的港船上交货DEQ（Delivered Ex Quay） 目的港码头交货DDU（Delivered Duty Unpaid） 未完税交货DDP（Delivered Duty Paid） 完税后交货Chapter 6 Terms of CommoditySales by Sellers/Buyers Sample 凭卖方样品买卖/凭买方样品买卖Reference/Duplicate Sample 参考样品Quality Tolerance 品质公差 Counter Sample 对等样品More or Less Clauses 溢短装条款 Neutral Packing 中性包装Customs Formality 海关手续 Inspection Certificate of Quality 质量检验证书FDA (Food and Drugs Administration) 药品及食品管理局Marking of Goods 货物标记 Net Weight 净重Theoretical Weight 理论重量 Gross Weight 毛重Computed Tare 约定皮重 Conditioned Weight 公量Unit Weight 单位重量 Moisture Content 含水量Customary Tare 习惯毛重 Legal Weight 法定重量Actual Tare 实际皮重 Average Tare 平均毛重BY-product 副产品AQSIQ (State Administration for Quality Supervision and Inspection and Quarantine) 国家质量监督检验检疫总局Representative Samples 代表性样品 Original Samples 原始样品Type Samples 标准样品 (FAQ)Fair Average Quality 中等品质(GMQ)Good Merchantable Quality 上好可销品质Animal and Plant Quarantine Office 动植物检验机关Register of Shipping 船及机构 State Bureau of Metrology 国家计量局Catalogue of Export and Import Commodities Subject to Inspection 进出口商品目录Lloyds Surveyor 英国劳氏公证行Chapter 7 International Cargo TransportOil tankers 油轮 Voyage Charter 定程租船Ro-Ro vessels 滚装船 Time Charter 定期租船LASH(lighter Aboard Ship) 载驳船 BBC(Bare Boat Charter) 光船租船Chartering contract 租船合同 Sailing schedule 船期表Demurrage charge 滞期费 Liner freight tariff 班船运价表Dispatch charge 速遣费 Optional additional 选卸附加费 Direct additional 直航附加费 Transshipment additional 转船附加费Port congestion additional 港口拥挤附加费 Forwarding agents 运输代理 LCL(Less than Container Load) 拼箱货Settlement of exchange 结汇 FCL(Full Container Load) 整箱货Air waybill 空运单 CFS(Container Freight Station) 集装箱货运站Shipping advice 装运通知 Disposal rights 处置权Partial shipment/transshipment 分批装运 Bill of landing 提单 Clean B/L 清洁提单Order B/L 提示提单 Combined transport B/L 多式联运提单Straight B/L 直接提单/记名提单 Through B/L 全程提单/联运提单Liner B/L 班轮提单 Ante-dated B/L 倒签提单Advanced B/L 预借提单 Consignment note 发货通知书Blank endorsement 空白备书 IATA(International Air Transport Association)国际航空运输协会Combined transport documents 联合运输单据 Chapter 8 Cargo InsuranceInsurance Applicant 投保人 General Average 共同海损Insurance Amount 投保金额 Extraneous Risks 外来风险Insurance Policy 保险单 Constructive Total Loss 推定全损Perils of the Sea 海上风险 Sue and Labor Expenses 施救费用Salvage Charges 救助费用 Insurance Broker 承保人Particular Average 单独海损 Premium 保险费Air Transportation Cargo War Risks航空运输货物战争险Land Transportation Risks 陆运险 All Risks for Land Transportation 陆运一切险 Ocean Marine Insurance 海洋运输保险 Air Transportation All Risks 航空运输一切险War risks 战争险 Basic Risks Coverage 基本保险范围Insured Amount 保险金额 T.P.N.D(Theft, Pilferage and Non-delivery)偷窃与提货不着险Taint of Odor 串味险 Overland Transportation Insurance 陆上运输保险Parcel Post Insurance 邮包运输保险 WPA(With Particular Average) 水渍险/单独海损赔偿FPA(Free from Particular Average) 平安险Additional Risks Coverage 附加险范围Fresh water and/or Rain Damage 淡水雨淋险 Insurance Certificate 保险凭证Chapter 9 Terms of PriceCost Structure 费用/成本结构 Cost