人教版英语八年级下册词形变换练习.doc

阅读以下短文，从方框中选择单词，根据实际情况用其适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、通顺。每空一词，每词只能用一次。练习一 difference they many little build be bore hundred we try In some science fiction movies, people in the future have 1 own robots. These robots 2 just like humans. They help with the housework, and do the most unpleasant jobs. Some scientists believe that there will be such robots in the future. However, they agree it may take 3 of years. Scientists are now 4 to make robots look like people, and do the same things as 5 . Japanese companies have already made robots walk and dance. This kind of robot will also be fun to watch. Robot scientists are not just trying to make robots look like people. For example, there are already made robots working in factories. These robots look more like huge arms. They do simple jobs over and over again. People would not like to do such jobs and would get 6 . In the future, there will be 7 robots everywhere, and humans will have 8 work to do. New robots will have many 9 shapes. Some will look like humans, and others might look like snakes. After an earthquake, a snake robot could help look for people under 10 . That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago. We never know what will happen in the future. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 练习二 teach kind try they not thing be she compare much Life for Cathy Taylors there children 1 very busy. Their school days are busy enough. After school, though, Cathy takes the two boys from football to basketball. Then she has to take 2 daughter to piano lessons. The tired children 3 get home until 7 pm. They have a quick supper, and its time for homework. Most children take part in after-school clubs. Activities include sports, language learning, music, and math classes. Pushy parents are nothing new, but now parents seem to push their children a lot more. Parents see other children doing a lot of 4 , and they feel their own children should do the same. Doctors say many children are under too much pressure. Teachers complain about 5 tired kids in the classroom. Linda Miller, a mother of three in London, knows all about such pressure. “In some families, competition starts from a very young age,” she says. “Mothers send their kids to all 6 of classes when they are very young. And they are always 7 them with other children. Its crazy. People shouldnt push their kids so hard. Dr Alice Green agrees. She also says that these children may find it hard to think for themselves when they are older. Parents are 8 to plan their kids lives for them. When these kids are adults, they might find it difficult to plan things for themselves. Parents should learn to give their kids a bit 9 time to themselves. On the one hand, children need organized activities. On the other hand, they also need time and freedom to relax, and they need time to do things by 10 . 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 练习三 sun kill we nation be minute ring one he have People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history. In the United States, for example, many people remember what they were doing on April 4, 1968. On this day, Dr Martin Luther King was 1 in the city of Memphis in America. Although some people may not remember who murdered him, they remember what they were doing when they heard the event. Even the most everyday activities can seem important. Robert Allen is now over 40. He 2 just a school student at that time, but he remembers what he was doing when he heard the news. “It was a bright, 3 day.” Robert remembers. “We were 4 fun in the playground when the bell 5 . Our teacher asked us to stop what we were doing and listen. He told 6 the news. “Dr Martin Luther King died just 10 7 ago! We couldnt believe it!” School closed for the day, and Robert and 8 friends walked home together in silence. Not all events in history are as terrible as this, of course. In more recent history, most Chinese remember what they were doing when Yang Liwei became the 9 Chinese astronaut in space. Yang went into space on October 15, 2003. His flight around the Earth lasted about 22 hours. When he returned, he became a 10 hero in China, and became famous all over the world. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 练习四 China decide luck finish change meter third she be hard Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not sound like fun to you. However, it 1 the life of Yang Lei from Beijing. The Peking University graduate first went there as a volunteer on a one-year program. The program was started by the Ministry of Education and the Chinese Young pioneers. Every year they send 100 volunteers to teach in 2 rural areas. Life in the mountains was a new experience for Yang Lei. Her village was 2,000 3 above sea level, and at first the thin air made her feel sick. The food was very simple-teachers ate porridge 4 times a day. Fortunately, Yang Leis mother agreed with her daughters 5 . She said that both she and 6 husband thought this was a good idea. “Young people today need to experience things,” she said. Most of the pupils live in school dormitories. They work 7 than ever. They get up at 5am and read books until 11pm. They love having the volunteer teachers there. “There 8 no difference between you and them,” says yang Lei. “They say that we are like big or sisters to them, and they feel 9 .” Yang Lei enjoyed her time as a volunteer very much. When her year was over, she said that she would return to the area after 10 her studies.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 练习五 be surprise I interest live west year foreign come build 1 name is Leo. Im from Australia, and Ive been teaching in China for two years. I teach in Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province. This is really an 2 city with a very colorful history. There 3 some European influence in the city, and some of the old 4 in Harbin are in Russian style. Since I 5 to China, Ive been learning a lot about my family history. Although Im Australian, my family is Jewish. So it was very interesting for me to learn that a lot of Jews came to live in Harbin many years ago. My parents were so 6 when I told them about this in China. In fact, the first Jews probably came to Kaifeng more than a thousand 7 ago, and were welcomed by the Song Emperor. When I lived in Australia, I studied history at school, but we usually studied Australian or 8 history. However, when I heard that I was going to work in China, I started studying Chinese history. Ive been studying for over two years now. My friends in Australia said that Chinese history was very hard to understand, but I dont really agree. I think if you study hard, youll be able to understand any culture. For a 9 like me, the more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy 10 in China.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 阅读下面短文，根据括号内的汉语意思填入相应的单词，使短文意思完整、通顺。每空一词。练习一 If you spend some time in an English-speaking country, you might hear the term etiquette. It means normal and polite social behavior. This may seem like a difficult word at first, but it can be very useful to 1 （理解）. Etiquette is not the same in every culture, or in every situation. For example, standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some 2 （亚洲的）countries. 3 (然而), if you do this in Europe, some people might 4 （感觉）uncomfortable. Even in China, we all know that etiquette is not the same in all situations. Perhaps we think that talking loudly in our 5 （自己的）homes is fine, but there are other places where talking loudly is not allowed. For example, most people would agree that talking loudly in a 6 （图书馆）, a museum, or a movie theater is 7 （不礼貌的）. Even if you are with your friends, it is 8 （更好）to 9 （保持）your voice down in public places. In 10 （事实）, we should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in public if possible.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 练习二 Today many Chinese people want to improve their English in 1 (不同的) ways. For example, twenty-four young singers from across China entered a contest by singing 2 （流行的）English songs. Nearly all the singers sang very 3 （清楚地，明显地）and looked comfortable on stage. Some of these singers were able to sing English songs just as well as native speakers. This kind of contest encourages people in China to speak English. Many people 4 （同意，赞同）that they make 5 （进步，进展）by singing English songs and that it is a good 6 （主意，办法）to have fun with English.Have you ever heard of the Beijing Speakers English program? 7 （如果）not, why dont you find out about it? It suggests ways for Beijingers to take an interest in learning English. 8 （除之外） singing English songs, there are many other fun ways to learn English. What about watching English movies, or reading English books? Maybe you could 9 （甚至）make friends with a native speak of English. If you look hard 10 （足够地）, youll find a good way to learn English well.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 练习三 Have you ever been to Singapore? 1 （对于）many Chinese tourists, this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful place to take a holiday. On the one hand, more than three quarters of the 2 （人口）are Chinese, so you can simply speak Putonghua a lot of time. On the other hand, Singapore is an English-speaking country, so its 3 （也）a good place to practice your English. Have you ever tried Chinese food outside of China? Maybe you 4 （害怕） that you wont be able to find anything to eat in a foreign country. In Singapore, however, youll find a lot of food from China, you wont have any problem finding rice, noodles, or dumplings. If youre feeling 5 （勇敢的）, Singapore is an 6 （卓越的，极好的）place to try new food. Whether you like Indian food, western food, or Japanese food, youll find it all in Singapore!One great thing about Singapore is that the 7 （温度）is almost the same all year round. This is because the island is so close to the equator. So you can choose to go 8 （无论何时）you like-spring, 9 （夏天）, autumn, or 10 （冬天）! And, of course, its not too far from China! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. feel， give， turn， work， help， wait， thing， near， he， only， final， one A woman was eating in a restaurant. She asked the waiter to do many （1）_ for her. Now she was （2）_ the waiter a lot of trouble. （3）_, she asked the waiter to turn on the air conditioner because she （4）_ too hot. Then she asked him （5）_ it off because she was too cold. This went on and on for （6）_ half an hour. But the waiter was very kind and （7）_ He did everything the woman asked （8）_ to do without getting angry. （9）_, someone else in the restaurant asked why the （10）_ didnt just throw the woman out, “Oh, I dont care.” the waiter said, smiling. “We dont even have an air conditioner.” 答案与解析 本文讲述的是一个饭店里的服务员面对一个要求做这做那的顾客却不生气，且不乏幽默感的故事。 1. things.因为many后面一定是复数名词，方框内可以有复数形式且能与动词do（做） 搭配的只things（事） 最好，另外，由下段的第一句中He did everything中也可得到启发而填出答案。容易误选的是work，但它作“工作”解是不可数名词，没有复数形式。 2. giving.在方框中能接双宾语（sb+sth） 的只有give，因为前面有was，所以要用其现在分词giving. 3. First.由后文的Then可知。FirstThen先然后。 4. felt.句中无谓语动词，所以应选动词；hot是形容词，不是定语就一定是在系动词后作表语。方框中能作系动词的有feel（感到） 和turn（变成），主语是人，当然是“感到”热，另外，全文用的都是过去式，所以填feel的过去式felt. 5. to turn.上文hot时是turn on，这次cold当然就是to turn off了，又因为ask sb to do sth（叫某人做某事），所以填to turn off. 6. nearly.因为for half an hour意思已经完整了，只能填表示约数的nearly（差不多） 了。 7. helpful.能与kind并列，且根据上下文的意思可知用helpful（乐于助人的）。 8. him.指乐于做事又不生气的当然是指那位服务员，在asked后作宾语，所以用he的宾格形式him. 9. Finally.有一个逗号可知应填副词。 10. waiter.因为是the waiter回答的，显然是问the waiter. but， follow， cool， bad， first， sports， easy， walk， child， kind Whats the coolest of transportation （交通工具） for middle school students back from the winter holidays？ A racing bike？ A car？ No, its a special （1）_ of shoe called Heelys （暴走鞋）. Heelys look just like common （2）_ shoes, but they have a wheel hidden in the heel （鞋跟）. So instead of （3）_, kids can “fly” around in them. “Wearing Heelys is fun and （4）_,” said Wu Peng, a boy who wore them on his （5）_ day back at No, 6 Middle School in Beijing. Wu Peng said he loves the shoes so much that he wears them wherever he goes. Sometimes he even （6）_ his parents car to the supermarket on his Heelys！ Other students think these are very cool, （7）_ some havent been so lucky with their Heelys. Its reported that some （8）_ have fallen down while using these shoes, and some have been hurt. “Heelys wheels are on the heels of the shoes, so its （9）_ to fall,” said Liu Rui, a doctor at the Hong Kong International Medical Clinic, Beijing. Even （10）_, Liu said, “Wearing Heelys for a long time could stop young people from developing their ankles （脚踝） and legs.” 答案与解析 本文讲述的是中学生对Heelys（暴走鞋）这种特别的运动鞋的不同看法及理由，以及医生的看法。 1. kind.无论从与aof的搭配来看还是从上下文的意思来看，都只有kind才适合。 2. sports.从空格前后的单词来看只有sports最好，“普通的运动鞋”。 3. walking.由后文的fly可知是不用walking（行走） 了。 4. cool.从下文他love这种鞋子且无论到哪里都穿着去，可见他认为穿这种鞋是很酷（cool）。 5. first.与day搭配只有first最佳。 6. follow.句中无谓语，显然首先要挑选动词，又根据意思跟着他父母的车去市场，所以用follow（=go after）。 7. but.前后是转折关系。 8. children.能与句意相符且又能作主语的只有填的child复数children才行。 9. easy.从搭配来看，itsto fall之间只能填形容词，从前后的语意来看应填easy最适合。 10. worse.从前后的语意来看是递进关系，所以用worse.even worse是“更糟糕的是”之意。 on，friend，ask，and，have，until，but，cheap，invite，in，mother，beautiful，much，because，put We are going to have a party in our house this evening. It is my （1） _ birthday, and she has （2）_ my uncles and aunts and some of her （3）_. Mother and I are （4）_ to cook most of the food for the party, and father is getting the drinks. The living-room looks very pretty. Balloons of all colours are hanging from the lights （5）_ we have taken the carpets away （6）_ we are going to dance there after dinner. In the dining-room we have （7）_ out the best plates and glasses and tablecloths, and it all looks （8）_. We are going to have soup, fish, chicken, fruit and cheese. We are going to dance （9）_ midnight, and after that, we will have （10）_ food, because we will be hungry after all that dancing. Last year my mother （11）_ her birthday party in a restaurant, （12）_ it is pleasanter and （13）_ at home. When it is my birthday, I am going to invite my friends and have a party in the garden. I will hang pretty lights （14）_ the trees and we will grill our food in the garden and dance （15）_ the grass. 答案与解析 本文讲述的是即将为母亲的生日party作准备的事情，以及对去年母亲生日party的回顾和对本人生日的设想。 1. mothers.从与前后的单词的搭配来看应填“某人的”，在方框中只有friends和mothers两个；由下文的描述，特别是第三段的第一句，可知应填mothers. 2. invited.因为要举行party，自然就会邀请亲朋好友。由前面的has可知要用现在完成时表示已经邀请了，所以用invite的过去分词invited. 3. friends.见上题。 4. asked.由are可知，用ask sb to do sth的被动式，所以用过去分词。 5. and.两句之间一定是选连词，两句之间是并列关系用and. 6. because.前后又都是句子，且为转折关系，所以用连词but. 7. put.首先应判断用动词，又从后面的the best plates and glasses等可知应是已经“摆放”出来，所以用put的过去分词put. 8. beautiful.摆放的是最好的东西，房间看起来自然就是美的。 9. until.表示某种动用一直延续到某个时候用until. 10. more.由后文跳饿了，自然就会吃得更多。 11. had.与party搭配用have，因为是去年，所以用一般过去时had. 12. but.前后是转折关系用but. 13. cheaper.与形容词pleasanter并列的也一定是形容词，且为比较级，在方框中选出cheap和beautiful，根据常识应是cheaper. 14. in.表示在树上一般用介词in.注意表示在树上结的果子时又一般在on了。 15. on.跳舞当然是在草地上，所以用on.2 、根据短文内容在空格处填入一个适当的单词，使短文的意思完整，需填单词的第一个字母已经给出。 It is well-known that man is much cleverer than any animal. But which is the cleverest a_（1） the animals? Some scientists t_（2） it should be Alex, an African grey parrot. He is unlike any other animal. He can really t_（3） with people！ When he says “come here”, he really w_（4） someone to come up to him. “Alex is as clever as a c_（5） of 2 or 3 years old,” says Dr. Pepperberg. “He does not just repeat the s_（6） he has been taught. He u_（7） the words!” Alex can tell about 50 d_（8） things, name 7 colours and count from 1 to 6. Is the parrot actually thinking in the w_ （9） how man do