7B4课堂笔记.doc

7B Unit 4 知识要点一 重点词组Comic stip1.a UFO 一个不明飞行物（用 a）2.come on过来；得啦；好啦3.so small 如此小 (so 后常跟形容词或副词)4.be full of 充满.Welcome to the unit1.It takes about three days to travel from Earth to the moon by spaceship.乘宇宙飞船从地球到月球旅行花费大约三天时间概括：It takes (took) sb some time to do sth 花费某人多少时间做某事（It 为形式主语，to do sth 为真正主语）2.sleep with their eyes open/closed 睁着/闭着眼睛睡觉（open/closed, 睁着的/闭着的，形容词）3.keep your eyes open /closed 使你的眼睛睁着/闭着概括：keep+sb/sth +形容词 使某人或某物保持某种状态扩展：1) keep+形容词 意为“保持某种状态”e.g. keep quiet 保持安静2) keep on doing sth 持续做某事，不停地做某事”4 walk on tiptoe 用脚尖走 （对on tiptoe提问用How）5. heres no plant life without lightning.没有闪电就没有植物的生命。 without 不，没有（介）反义词with without sth /doing sth 没（做）某事 e.g. without your help 没有你的帮助 with your help 有你的帮助/在你的帮组下Reading1.as usual 像往常一样2.turn around 转身3 anything unusual 任何不寻常的事物形容词放在不定代词之后，类似的不定代词还有nothing, something, everything等usual 像往常一样 反义词 unusual（不寻常的，不平常的）形容词加前缀un构成反义词（不）e.g. happyunhappy luckyunlucky healthyunhealthy 4.be frightened 感到害怕的对比：frightened （人）感到害怕的frightening （事物）令人害怕的frighten sb 使某人害怕 ,吓唬某人5. anybody 任何人,常用于疑问句 否定句中。 （单数）somebody pron. 某个人，常用于肯定句中 （单数）nobody pron. 没有人,表示否定的含义. （单数）everybody 每个人，人人 （单数）6 listen carefully and heard the strange noise 仔细听并且听到了奇怪的噪音listen 听，强调听的动作 hear “听见”“听到”，强调结果。7. on ones way 在路上 on ones way to 在去途中e.g. on my way to school在我上学的路上On my way home在我回家的路上（home为副词，前面的to省略）8. happen (偶然)发生总结：(Sth) happen to sb 某事发生在某人身上happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事9.say to himself 他自言自语概括：say to oneself 某人自言自语扩展：say to sb 对某人说10.make a sound like a whisper 发出像低语一样的声音11.show them the ghost 像他们展示那个鬼 概括：show sb sth.=show sth. to sb.向某人展示某物12.later that day 那天晚些时候13.take (good) care of=look after（well） 照顾，照料（好）14.the following Sunday = the next Sunday下个周日(之前不放介词，常用于过时态中)15. They were not afraid any more. 他们不再害怕了not any more = no more “不再”“再也不”16.frightened = afraid 感到害怕的Vocabulary1. crazy about (doing) sth 热衷于做某事，着迷于（做）某事2. be fond of (doing)sth. 非常喜爱（做）某事（物）3.love /like /dislike /hate sth 爱/喜欢/不喜欢/讨厌 某事 doing sth 爱/喜欢/不喜欢/讨厌 做某事（习惯性） to do sth 爱/喜欢/不喜欢/讨厌 做某事4.She eats very few of them. a few, few 修饰可数名词，a little, little 修饰不可数名词，few, little表否定含义，意为“几乎没有”5.even when it rains 甚至天下雨时6.wake up 醒来 e.g. (Sb) wake up 某人醒来wake up 叫醒 e.g. wake him up 叫醒他（代词放在动副短语中间） wake his father up = wake up his father (名词放中间或后面)叫醒他爸爸7.bark at sb 朝某人吠，狗朝某人大叫There were so many amazing things in the word.8.a very hard-working student 一位非常勤奋的学生Grammar1.give us an introduction 给我们一个介绍2. find it interesting. 发现它有趣 概括：find sth + 形容词 发现某东西(怎么样)扩展：find it +形容词+to do sth. 意为“发现做某事”it为假宾语，真宾语为to do sthe.g. find it interesting to learn English. 发现学英语很有趣3.beautiful but poisonous 漂亮但是有毒4.take photos 拍照5.so many amazing animals 如此多令人惊奇的动物 扩展：so many 如此多（后跟可数复数） so much如此多（后跟不可数） so few如此少 （后跟可数复数） so little如此少（后跟不可数）6.be a little afraid 有一点点害怕7.be excited to do sth 做某事很兴奋8.hundreds of different kinds of 数百个不同种类的9.weigh about three kilograms 称重大约三千克 weigh 称重（动词）= the weight of is (was) about three kilograms weight 体重（名词）10.over 超过，多于= more than11.live on land /Earth 生活在陆地上/地球上 live in water 生活在水里12.lay eggs 下蛋，产卵Integrated skills1.live up to 150 years old 活到150岁2.each of camelseyes 骆驼的每只眼睛= each eye of a camel 3.as well as 和一样好4.Thank you for your help 感谢你的帮助5.know more about 更多了解6.find it interesting 发现它有趣7.remember your words 记得你的话remember 记得、想起 反义词 forget”remember to do 记得要做某事remember doing 记得做过某事8.remember things for three seconds 记得三秒钟的事情9. during our lives（life的复数）在我们的一生中during ones life 在某人一生当中10. the weight of about six elephants 大约六头大象的重量Pronunciation1.decide to do sth 决定做某事Main task1.stop to have dinner 停下来吃饭2.between two pieces of bread 在两片面包之间3.learn to do sth 学习做某事4.name after 用命名5. in history在历史上6.at the age of 21 在21岁时7.keep on doing sth. 持续做某事 不停地做某事=go on doing sth.Check out1. thousands of years ago 数千年前2. learn a lot about Chinese history 了解许多中国历史三.【语法详解】一般过去时一般过去时的构成含行为动词的一般过去时的构成肯定式主语过去式否定式主语did not动词原形疑问式Did主语动词原形否定疑问式Didnt主语动词原形含动词be的一般过去时的构成肯定式主语was/were否定式主语was/were not疑问式Was/Were主语否定疑问式Wasnt/werent主语过去式的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化两种形式：规则变化分为四种：注意词尾-ed的发音有三种。规则例词直接加-edwalk walked, play played以e结尾的加-dlive lived, use used, die died, complete completed辅音字母y结尾的yiedcry cried重读闭音节,双写尾字母加-edplan planning, stop stopping, prefer preferring, chat chatting不规则变化：See 7B教材p112一般过去时的用法表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。经常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last night, this morning, in 2000。表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。这经常和often, always等表示频度的时间状语连用。e.g.She always wanted to be an actress. 在时间、条件状语从句中代替过去将来时。e.g. They planned to go outing if it was fine the next day. Helen had left her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband came back.在由before, after, as soon as等连词引导的从句中，当从句的动作与主句的动作前后紧接时，可用一般过去时取代过去完成时，即两动作都用一般过去时。e.g. After I finished my work, I sat down to read the newspaper.干完活后我就坐