Inversion (2).doc

Inversion (倒装)倒装类型：1）完全倒装：谓语全部置于主语的前面。2）部分倒装：谓语的一部分如助动词置于主语的前面。完全倒装1) here,there,in,out,up,down,away,off等副词置于句首，其谓语动词是come, go, run, rush, fly,escape, flee等不及物动词。a. Here comes the bus.b. There goes the bell.c. Away flew the birds.d. Out ran the children.注意：如上述句中主语是代词，主谓不倒装。e.g. Away they ran. Here it comes. There you are.2) in front of , at the back of , in the distance , to the east of 等表示地点或表示方位的作状语的介词短语置于句首。a. In the distance stands a high building.b. On the wall hang/hung two portraits.c. To the north of the city lies a radio plant(工厂).=(North of the city lies a radio plant.) 3)There引导的存在句型。a. There exist serious problems in the world.b. There lived an old man named Yu Gong at the foot of a mountain.c. There came a shout for help from the riverside.d. There lies a large wheat field in front of the village. 部分倒装1） hardly/scarcely/rarely(几乎不)，little , seldom (不经常) , never等否定意义的副词置于句首；not until,not only,(与but also连用)等否定意义的连词置于句首，主谓部分倒装。a. Hardly could I recognize him when I saw him ten years later.b.Little does he know about economy.c.Seldom did she go to the school library.d.Never have I seen such a large apple.e.Not a single mistake did he make in the last exam. f.Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.g.Not only is the teacher himself interested in football ,but also all his students are beginning to show interest in it.h.Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off . (hardlywhen一-就-)i.No sooner had he gone to bed than the telephone rang.(no soonerthan一-就-)j. By no means will the Chinese people give in to the terrorists.( 绝不at no time , in no case, in no way, on no account ，under no circumstances )2) so, neither, nor 表“也”出现在句首部分倒装。a.Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? _I dont know, nor do I care.b. He passed the exam, so have I.（补充：a. He likes music , but doesnt like sports.So it is with her./ It is the same with her.b. He is fond of sports and shows great interest in football. So it is with Tom./ It is the same with Tom. )3) only出现在句首修饰介词、副词、状语从句时，即only后接状语时主谓部分倒装。a. Only in this way can you work out the problem.b. Only when your identity has been checked will you be allowed in.c. Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 注意：only 后接主语/ 宾语时不倒装。 e.g. Only he can do it well. Only a few mistakes he made in the last exam.3)so-that-,such-that-引导结果状语从句时,so/such后面that前面的部分置于句首时,部分倒装。a. He speaks English so fluently that no one can match him .=So fluently does he speak English that no one can match him.b. He made such rapid progress that the teacher praised him.=Such rapid progress did he make that the teacher praised him.4) as引导的让步状语从句常将句中的表语、动词、副词提至句首。a. Although he is a child , he knows a lot.= Child as（=though） he is, he knows a lot.b. Although he is young, he speaks very good English . =Young as he is, he speaks very good English.c. Although he works hard , he has made little progress.= Hard as he works , he has made little progress.d. Although he tries , he cant do it well.=Try as he may , he cant do it well.e. Although he tried , he couldnt do it Well. =Try as he might , he couldnt do it well.5) if引导的条件状语从句中有had,were,should ,省略if 并将had,were,should置于句首，构成简略倒装。a. Had he known it earlier , he would have helped us.b.Were I you , I wouldnt go there.c.Should it rain tomorrow /Were it to rain tomorrow, we would cancel the sports meeting.c.表示“现在要不是”If it were not for his help, we couldnt start the work.=But for his help, we couldnt start the work.=Were it not for his help, we couldnt start the work.d. 表示“过去要不是” If it had not been for his help, we couldnt have finished our work in time.=But for his help, .= Had it not been for his help, we couldnt have finished our work.5）句子主语太长或强调表语e.g. 1.Present at the party w