2012年6月四级模考答案和解析.docx

Part I writing Nowadays, more and more college students are taking part-time jobs. On this phenomenon, different people hold different viewpoints. Some people think doing part-time jobs is beneficial to the students. On the one hand, it helps cultivate independence in young people and make them more mature; on the other hand, students who have part-time jobs can relieve, to some extent, the economic burden of their parents. Other people hold that taking part-time jobs can also bring a lot of problems to the students. For example, they often distract students attention from their studies, so some students have shown a decline in their studies, and some even play truant. As for me, I think the main task of students is to study hard and learn what is needed for the development of our society. Though students who have part-time jobs may relieve their parents economic burden, their early contact with society adds greatly to the worries of their parents.Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)1. 答案：D【解析】由cause一词可知本题问的是导致全球教育争论的原因，问的是“为什么”，我们可以快速定位到文章第二段的“why now”， 由“One answer is the sheer amount of data available on performance”这句话可知，A为正确答案。B和C分别在第三段中提及，都是导致教育争论的因素。而D只是陈述教育争论这样一个事实，而非原因，故选D。2. 答案：B【解析】由Kahn Academy定位到第三段。此段主要说明网络技术对教育产生的影响。由“Hence the success of institutions like Americas Kahn Academy.” 可知Kahn Academy是互联网教育的成功例子，故A，C，D三项都正确。B说Kahn Academy被证明是一直成功的，与文中说的“after a number of false starts”相矛盾，故选B。3. 答案：C【解析】根据题干中的“the failure of Western education”可定位到第四段。此段列出了教师工会长期坚持的失败教育的三大借口：政府投入不足，社会阶级分化和文化对教育的漠视。由最后一句话可以看出作者认为这些借口都对教育起到一定的影响，但不起决定性作用。显然C与之相符。4. 答案：A【解析】由题干信息定位到第六段最后一句话。Dan Goldhaber声称非教育因素诸如家庭收入对孩子学习成绩的影响占了60%。那么家庭收入和学习成绩到底是怎样的一个关系呢？前面一句话“Those from disadvantaged backgrounds remain at higher risks of poor outcomes.”表明家庭条件不优越的孩子更容易取得不好的成绩。A与之完全相符。5. 答案：C【解析】问题问的是“为什么亚洲国家相比西方国家在教育上能轻松居于麦肯锡排行榜的前首？”我们定位到文化因素这一段落。“Many Asian parents pay much more attention to their childrens test results than Western ones do, and push their schools to succeed.”这句说明亚洲国家相比西方国家更重视孩子的学习成绩，因而推动了学校的成功。故选C。6. 答案：A【解析】题干问的是提高教育水平的方法，也即获取成功的方法。我们可以迅速定位到成功的秘诀这一段。这里作者提出了四个重要的因素：分权（还权于学校）；关注落后学生；增加学校类型的选择；提高师资水平。A是其中之一，故为正确答案。7. 答案：B【解析】细节辨认题。这道题重在仔细阅读安大略的教育改革这部分内容。文中只提到安大略省的移民比例高，而A说这项改革只针对移民，故错误。关于Michael Barber，文中只提及他是麦肯锡全球教育实践部前部长，并没有说他实行了这项改革，故C错误。能申请特别帮助的是有大量移民子女的学校，而非学生，故D错误。B与文中表述一致，正确。8. 答案：successful【解析】细节辨认题。由题干信息定位到倒数第三段的第二句和第三句。第三句的主语 “they” 指的就是第二句的主语“schools free of government control and run by non-state providers”， 这里所填的词正是原文出现的“successful”。9. 答案：decent teachers【解析】同义转述题。由“the new academy”和“without”定位到倒数第二段的第一句 “the shiniest new academy will struggle without decent teachers”。题干中的“have difficulty”与“struggle”意思相近，因而这里填的词就是“decent teachers”。10. 答案：opposition【解析】细节辨认题。由题干中的America, merit pay and payment by result定位到倒数第二段最后一句。句中“but often in the teeth of opposition from the teachers unions”说美国通过成绩来评定教师工资的做法遭到教师工会的反对。按照意思，这里填的正是opposition。Part III Listening ComprehensionSection A11. 答案：C【解析】场景推断题。从对话中的seat, order, menu等词就可以推断出答案了。男士跟女士打招呼，请她入座并询问需要点些什么菜，女士询问最特别的菜式是什么，由此推断出对话可能发生在饭馆。M: Good evening. Have a seat please. What would you like to order?W: What is the most special menu here?Q: Where did the conversation most probably take place?12. 答案：D【解析】成语谚语题。这里主要考察“put ones foot in ones mouth”这个谚语，它表示“说错话”，所以答案是D。M: Can you believe what Mary said when Professor Franklin asked that question in class today?W: She really put her foot in her mouth this time, didnt she?Q: What do we know about Mary?13. 答案：B【解析】关键词推断题。根据对话中的enjoy going, so much staff, cheap等词可以判断出答案。女士很喜欢去跳蚤市场，那里货物很多，而且还很便宜，由此选出正确答案B。M: It has been fun, hasnt it?W: Yeah. I really enjoyed going to the flea market. Ive never seen so much stuff. And everything was so cheap.Q: What do we know from the conversation?14. 答案：A【解析】含义推理题。对话中女士说她看中了一款书包，但缺少20美元。言下之意就是问男士借钱，而男士说别指望他，他工资又被拖欠了一周，表明自己也缺钱。故答案为A。W: I found a perfect book bag, but Im about 20 dollars short.M: Dont look at me, I dont get paid for another week.Q: What do we know from the conversation?15. 答案：C【解析】含义推理题。对话中男士提供给女士两条出行方案：如果着急的话可以坐地铁；如果想欣赏沿途风景的话就坐公共汽车。女士回答说她只要中午前到会场就行。言下之意就是说她不急着到达目的地。那么她很可能坐公共汽车。M: If you are in a hurry, you can take the subway. If you want to go sightseeing, take a bus.W: Actually, I dont have to be at the conference before noon.Q: What will the woman probably do?16. 答案：C【解析】含义推理题。对话中男士惊讶于女士说没有厨房用具。而女士很淡定地表示确实没有，并告诉男士如果他想做饭，自己想办法。在没有用具的情况下可以推断出男士很有可能放弃做饭。M: Are you telling me you dont have kitchenaccessories?W: No, we dont. If you want to make a meal, you figure it out yourself.Q: What do we learn from this conversation?17. 答案：D【解析】关键词判断题。从男士话语中的 confirm一词可以选出答案。男士打电话是为了确认一下预约的时间。M: Good morning. This is Henry Smith speaking. Im just ringing to confirm my appointment with Mr. Johnson for tomorrow morning.W: Yes, Mr. Johnson is expecting you at 9 O clock.Q: Why is the man making the phone call?18. 答案：A【解析】含义推断题。男士说自己今早八点前就起了，女士很羡慕。她说自己有八点的课，坐了一小时的班车。可以推断女士7点前就起床了。所以答案是A）。M: Do you believe I was up before 8 this morning?W: Before 8? My first class starts at 8 and I have an hour long commute.Q: What does the woman mean?Conversation One19. 答案：B【解析】数字计算题。问的是大会召开几天。从秘书原话“the conference runs from the 16th to the 18th of March”可以选出正确答案是3天。20. 答案：D【解析】数字计算题。问的是学生参加大会两天需支付多少费用。对话中间部分学生询问注册费用，秘书说个人三天的费用是300美元，一天120美元，学生可以打五折，也即三天150美元，一天60美元。那么两天就是120美元。21. 答案：A【解析】细节题。在对话的末尾秘书说可以询问Professor Burt, the conference organizer，故A正确。M: School of Architecture. Professor Burts officeW: Oh! Good morning. I was wondering if you could give me some information about the forthcoming Architecture 21 conference dates, enrolment procedures, costs that sort of thing.M: Well the conference runs from the 16th to the 18th of March. W: 16th to the 18th of March Oh, good. Ill still be here then and um where exactly is it being held? Is it at the university as in previous years?M: No, its actually being held at the Pacific Hotel. Weve rather out-grown the university conference facilities, so weve opted for this new venue.W: Right-Paradise Hotel.M: No, the Pacific-thats PACIFIC.W: Oh, right. And presumably we can get accommodations at the hotel?M: Yes, but youll need to contact them direct to arrange that. Ill give you the number for hotel reservations. Have you got a pen ready?W: Yes, go ahead. M: Its area code zero seven and then nine triple three, double two double six.W: And whats the registration fee?M: Individual fees are $ 300 for the three days, or $ 120 a day if you only want to attend for one day.W: Are there any student concessions?M: Theres a 50% concession for students, so thats $150 for the first three days, or $60 a day.W: And am I too late to offer to give a talk?M: Oh, Im pretty sure youve missed the deadline for that.W: Oh, really? But Ive only just arrived here in Australia- is there any way I could have a paper accepted?M: Well, you need to talk to Professor Burt, the conference organizer. I can put you through, if you like.W: Thatll be great. Oh and can I just check the spelling of his name. is that BURT?M: Yes, thats correct.Q19. How long will the Architecture 21 conference last?Q20. How much should a student pay to attend the conference for two days?Q21. What can we learn from the conversation?Conversation Two22.答案：A【解析】归纳判断题。从对话可知两人有同样的论文要交，可以判断他们是同学。23. 答案：B【解析】细节判断题。问男士一开始为什么担心。答案在对话的开头可以找到。女士说她明天就要交论文，男士以为是他记错了时间，他记的deadline是下周二，所以很担心来不及。女士让他别担心，告诉他是下周二交。所以答案是B。24. 答案：D【解析】细节判断题。问的是Lugu Lake在哪里。答案在对话的中间部分可以找到。女士说“It is situated in the center of Ninghliang Yi Autonomous County, in northwest Yunan.”可以选出正确答案D。25. 答案：C【解析】综合判断题。问男士周末会做什么。从对话中的“I want to travel, Any suggestion” 以及女士给他的忠告“dont forget the paper”等可以推测男士周末很有可能会去旅行。M: Hi, Mary. Where have you been?W: Oh. Hi, Nick. I was just at the library. I have to hand in my geography paper tomorrow.M: Tomorrow? Oh, no! I thought it wasnt due till Tuesday.W: Oh. Dont worry. It is due Tuesday. But Im going away for the weekend and I wont be back till Monday night.M: Oh, where are you going?W: LA. My grandmothers ninetieth birthday is coming. All the cousins and aunts and uncles are going to celebrate it.M: Thats great. How many people will be there?W: Around forty. My family is big and spread out but were pretty close. So have you started working on your paper?M: Not yet. I want to travel, but havent decided where to go yet. Any suggestion?W: Last month I went to Lugu Lake.M: Lugu Lake? Where is that?W: It is situated in the center of Ningliang Yi Autonomous County, in northwest Yunan.M: How was it?W: Well, wonderful scenery, also its unique Mosuo culture. You must be interested, since you are interested in Chinese culture.M: Yes, I am. I once went to Detian Waterfall in Guangxi, fantastic!W: Hey, just for inference. Its a good thing to travel a lot. But, dont forget the paper. The professor is very strict.M: Dont worry, I will take care of it !Q22. What is the relationship between the speakers?Q23. Why was the man worried at first?Q24. Where is Lugu Lake?Q25. What will the man probably do over the weekend?Section BPassage One26. 答案：C【解析】细节辨认题。从文章一开头“some of them arent very helpful with the problems, add to their childrens difficulties”等句子可以做出判断。27. 答案：A【解析】细节辨认题。文中第五句话“They dont realize that the competition is keener, that the required standards of work are higher, and that their children may not be prepared for the change”列出了家长们未意识到的三类问题。很明显A）未被提及。28. 答案：D【解析】归纳判断题。文章的后半部分都是讲家长们的一些做法和想法。从“regard their children as extensions of themselves”，“they determine what their children do with their lives”，“they forgeteach person must develop in his or her own way. They forget that their childrenmust be the ones responsible for what they do and what they are”这些句子都表明家长们把孩子当成他们的私有品，极力想为他们安排好一切。Passage OneStudents pressure sometimes comes from their parents. Most parents are well meaning, but some of them arent very helpful with the problems their sons and daughters have in adjusting to college. And a few of them seem to go out of their way to add to their childrens difficulties. For one thing, parents are often not aware of the kinds of problems their children face. They dont realize that the competition is keener, that the required standards of work are higher, and that their children may not be prepared for the change. Accustomed to seeming As and Bs on the high school report cards, they may be upset when their childrens first semester college grades are below that level. At their kindest, they may gently inquire why John or Mary isnt doing better, whether he or she is trying as hard as he or she should, and so on. At their worst, they may threaten to take their children out of college, or cut off funds. Sometimes parents regard their children as extensions of themselves, and thinking it only right and natural that they determine what their children do with their lives. In their involvement and identification with their children, they forget that everyone is different, and that each person must develop in his or her own way. They forget that their children, who are now young adults, must be the ones responsible for what they do and what they are.26. Facing childrens problems in adjusting to college, some parents seem to?27. Parents often ignore the following problems that their children face except that?28. Sometimes parents insist that?Passage Two29. 答案：B【解析】主旨大意题。问演讲者主要讨论的问题是什么。文章中多次出现thieves，bags等词，不难判断本文讨论的是小偷偷包的问题，而非抢劫。30. 答案：A【解析】归纳判断题。问抓不住小偷的原因。文中“They look for someone who isnt consciously protecting their bag”这句话表明小偷一般会选择没有防护意识的对象实施偷窃行为。A）的意思是小偷冷不防地进行偷窃，故正确。31. 答案：B【解析】关键词推理题。演讲末尾“almost caught”，“unfortunately”，“escaped”等词可以判断小偷都逃了，没有被抓住。Passage TwoBefore I start, I d like to thank the University of Technology International Centre for allowing me to come and talk to you all this afternoon. The reason for my visit is to outline a problem that female international visitors and students have been having in the Darlinghurst area.For the last month or so, thieves have targeted the area snatching handbags and backpacks from unsuspecting women. As you probably know, Darlinghurst is very popular with tourists for shopping and sightseeing and its also a popular meeting place for students. There are lots of cafes and coffee shops and unfortunately, weve had some thieves taking advantages of these conditions. The thieves are young and fit, they grab the bag from the womans shoulder or out of her hand when shes involved with something else, you know, deep in conversation or window-shopping, so they grab the bag and then run away very quickly. By the time the victims realize whats happened, the young mans out of sight and theres little hope of catching him. The victims are always female by themselves but now it seems theyre becoming braver and targeting women in groups. Age doesnt seem to matter to the thieves, its just a matter of opportunity. They look for someone who isnt consciously protecting their bag and for a place with an easy getaway, you know, not too crowded.Weve only had two of these bag-snatchers almost caught when the victims chased after them. Unfortunately, on both occasions, as soon as the women reached the thief, he threw the bag right at them and then escaped. One woman was hurt quite badly.Q29. The problem that Constable Gray describes is?Q30. It is difficult to chase the thieves because?Q31. The police have caught?Passage Three32. 答案：D【解析】细节辨认题。文章开头说有三种学习英语的人群，分别是初学者，中级水平学习者和专用英语学习者。从“who fit into this third group have a clear idea about what they want to learn”这句话可以判断第三类学习者的特点就是他们很清楚想学什么。33. 答案：A【解析】归纳判断题。问专用英语的学习者是哪类人群。从“students who learn specialist English for their work or professional life”，以及后面例举的bank clerk的例子可以判断专用英语的对象是职业者。34. 答案：B【解析】同义转述题。文中最后一句话“the most popular ESP courses are for business English”告诉我们目前最流行的专用英语课程是商务英语。因此，对应的学习者应该是商人。35.答案：C【解析】主旨大意题。文章一开始简单介绍三类学习者，后面侧重介绍专用英语的一些情况，故答案为C。There are three groups of English learners; beginners, intermediate learners, and learners of special English. Beginners need to learn the basics of English. Students who have reached an intermediate level benefit from learning general English skills. But what about students who want to learn specialist English for their work or professional life? Most students, who fit into this third group have a clear idea about what they want to learn. A bank clerk, for example, wants to use this specialist vocabulary and technical terms of finance. But for teachers, deciding how to teach specialist English is not always so easy. For a start, the variety is enormous. Every field from airline pilots to secretaries has its own vocabulary and technical terms. Teachers also need to have an up-to-date knowledge of that specialist language, and not many teachers are exposed to working environments outside the classroom. These issues have influenced the way specialist English is taught in schools. This type of course is usually known as English for Specific Purposes or ESP and there arent ESP courses for almost every area of professional and working life. In Britain, for example, there are courses which teach English for doctors, lawyers, reporters, travel agents and people working in the hotel industry. By far, the most popular ESP courses are for business English.Q32. What is the characteristic of learners of special English?Q33. Who needs ESP courses most?Q34. What are the most popular ESP courses in Britain?Q35. What is the speaker mainly talking about?Section C36. biological37. experience38. born39. disruption40. declined41. suicide42. tripled43. violent44. one might expect todays high divorce rate to be viewed more widely as a national crisis45. the changes in family structure are, on balance, positive46. children are entitled to the affection and association of two parents, not one原文：Divorce is transforming the lives of American children. In the post-World War II generation, more than 80 percent of children grew up with both biological parents. Today only half will do so. Each year more than a million children experience family breakup; about as many are born out of wedlock.At the same time, the problems associated with family disruption have grown. Overall child wellbeing has declined, despite historically high public spending. The teen suicide rate has almost tripled. Juvenile crime has increased and become more violent. School performance has been poor.Given such a dramatic impact on childrens lives, one might expect todays high divorce rate to be viewed more widely as a national crisis. Yet, those who argue that it poses a threat are dismissed as being pessimistic or nostalgic, unwilling to accept the new facts of life. The dominate view in the popular culture is that the changes in family structure are, on balance, positive. And until recently there was little hard evidence to confirm or dispute this assumption.A 1940s book on divorce asserted: “children are entitled to the affection and association of two parents, not one” in the 1950s most Americans believed parents should stay in an unhappy marriage to avoid damaging the children.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)47. D。名词辨析题。空格前面为a，后面为of，可知空格中应填名词，构成aof的搭配。再根据上文中mixed diet（混合膳食）明确空格处应填表示“多种多样”的名词，故答案为variety。variation是干扰项，意思是“变体；变化”。48. I。形容词辨析题。空格前面是副词very，后面是名词diet，可推测空格处应填形容词。再联系上下文，上文说mixed diet能提供对人体健康必要的维他命，而空格所在句说缺失维他命，推测所填的词应是mixed的反义词。再看下文开始举例说明restricted diet的危险，故答案应为restricted。49. N。动词辨析题。空格前为不定式标记to，后面为名词，故这里应填动词。此句大意是：只有当人们十分限制他们的饮食时，才有必要饮用特别的食物来补充缺失的维他命。故答案为supply“供应，补充”。50. K。动词