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Unit1 How often do you exercise?Section ALange Goal: Talk about how often you do thing .标题释义:知识点 1. how often 的用法:1) how often 是 “多久一次”的意思,常用频率副词(always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never), once a week , two or three times a month ,every day等词来回答。如果对这些词划线部分提问,则用how often.2) how often 的同义词组是how many times (多少次),所以问句的同义句句是:How many times do you exercise ?3) 但是how many times 与how often 的区别是how many times 通常只用 once, twice, three times 等来回答。eg. How often does she go to the movies ?- Twice a month How many times do you watch TV every week ? - Three times.4) 补充: how long 是“多长时间”的意思,回答常用 “for”或”since ”引导的时间状语。Eg. How long have you been in America ?“他在美国多久了” - For two years .“两年了”how soon 是“还要多久才”的意思,一般用将来时态,回答用“in ”引导的时间状语。eg . How sooon will he be back ? “他多久回来“ - He will be back in an hours . “他一小时后回来” how much 也意为“多少”,但后面跟不可数名词,也对数量提问;同时还可用来询问价格“多少钱”的意思。 eg . How much water do you want ? “你想要多少水?” -Two bottles . “两瓶”。 结构: How much + 不可数名词 + 一般疑问句?意思为“多少”How much is a piece of bread ? “一片面包多少钱? -Three yuan . “三元” 结构: How much + 一般疑问句 ?意思为“多少钱” 注意:bread 面包是不可数名词,前面不能用a, 只能用 a + 数量词+of + 不可数名词来表示How many books do you have ? “你有多少本书? - Three books. “ 3本书。” 结构: How many + 名词复数 + 一般疑问句?意思为“多少”知识点2 . do的用法1) 问句中的do 是助动词,帮助构成一般疑问句,没有汉语意思,我们学过的助动词有(do ,does ,did, dont , doesnt ,didnt ). 2) 助动词的用法: 助动词后面必须有行为动词,而且这个行为动词必须用原形,如标题do后面的行为动词是exercise ,而且exercise 是动词原形。 助动词很显然在句子中只是起到帮助作用,帮助句子构成一般疑问句或构成否定句。在句子中如果有be动词(am,is are)或情态动词(can能,会,可以。may 可以, should 应该,must 必须,will 将要)把句子变成否定句则直接在be 动词或情态动词后面加上not ,有some 换成any 就可以了。变成一般疑问句,则直接将be 动词或情态动词提到句首,第一人陈和第二人称互换就可以了,但如果句子中没有be 动词或情态动词怎么变成否定句和一般疑问句呢?那就请助动词帮忙,变成否定句在行为动词前面加dont或doesnt,变成一般疑问句则直接在句首加Do或Does。 eg . She is a studend . She is not a student Is she a student ? He can play football. He can not play football. Can he play football? They go to the movies every day . They dont go to the movies every day . Do they go to the movies every day? He goes to the movies every day . He doesnt go to the movies every day . Does he go to the movies every day? 3) do ,does ,did, dont,doesnt, didnt除了可以作助动词外还可以作行为动词,意思是“做”,eg . do homework , does homework, did homework “做作业”, do sports “做运动“ eg. She does homework every day. 这里的does是行为动词“做” She doesnt do homework every day . Does she do homework every day ?知识点3 . exercisede 用法1. v. 动词 锻炼,运动= do sports = play sports 2. n . “锻炼,运动” 是不可数名词,不能+s, 词组: take exercise = get exercise (锻炼)n . “练习,体操 ” 是可数名词,复数+s 即:exercises 词组: math exercises (数学练习题) do morning exercises (做早操) do eye exercises (做眼保健操)看图片写单词a. shop (购物) v . b. read (看书) v. c. exercise (锻炼)v.d. watch TV (看电视) v. e. skateboard (踩滑板)v.释义:1. )shop (v动词)=go shopping = do some shopping (购物,买东西) shop (n名词) 商店= store 2. )read = read a book = read books (读书,看书),reading“阅读”3. )skateboard= go skateboarding (踩滑板)本页重点句型: What do you usually do on weekends ? (在周末你通常做什么?) I often go to the movies .(我经常去看电影)。知识点1: 句子中第一个do 是助动词, 第二个do 是行为动词“做“知识点2: usually是频率副词“通常“的意思,usually既可以放在句子开头还可以放在句子中间。知识点3: on weekends “在周末”的意思,weekends 是weekend的复数形式,表示泛指的周末,而不是特指的周末。这里要用介词on , 也可用介词at ,美国人习惯用on weekends ,但英国人习惯用at weekends . 而要表示这个周末” 则一定不要加 介词on,如:this weekend .weekend周末)= Saturday(周六) + Sunday (周日)weekday “平日,工作日,上班日”= Monday(周一)+ Tuesday (周二)+Wenesday(周三) +Thursday (周四)+ Ftiday (周五)在平日也要用on ,即 on weekday week (周)= weekend(周末) + weekday (工作日)知识点4: 表示时间的介词on, in与at的区别1)on 用于日,周几或特定的某个上午,下午,晚上或几月几日。 eg . on Sunday(在周日) , on January 1st (在一月一日)on the morning of last Sunday (在周日的上午)2)in 用于一天中的早,午,晚,周,季节,年,世纪 eg . in the monning (在上午), in the afternoon ( 在下午), in the evenning (在晚上) in a week (一周中),in January (在一月), in spring (在春天)3)at 用于点钟,黎明,中午,黄昏,半夜。 eg. at six (六点钟) , at noon (在中午,一般是12点) at night (在半夜,一般是晚上睡觉时), at dawn (在黎明)知识点5. go to the movies (去看电影) go to the movies = go to the cinema / s i n i m /(电影院) =go to see a film / f i l m/(电影)1a . Look at the picture. Make a list of the d ifferent weekend activities.(看图。将不同的周末活动列成表)1. skateboarding 2. watching TV3. shopping 4. reading 5. exercising 知识点1 . 复习v+ing 规律 1. 一般情况下直接在动词后面+ing 2. 在重读开音节单词中,去掉不发音的e,再+ing 3.再重读闭音节单词中,爽些最后一个辅音字母,再加+ing 4. 以ie 结尾的吧ie变成y ,再加+ing知识点2. go + v ing 形式go shopping (去购物) go swimming (去游泳)go skateboarding (去踩滑板) go hiking (去远足)1b . Listen and write the letters from the picture above on the lines below . (听并且把上面图片中的字母卸载下面的横向上) always (100)-usually - often-sometimes-hardly ever-never (0)知识点1 :频率副词的用法1) 6个频率副词always(总是)100usually (通常) 80often (经常)50sometimes(有时)20hardly ever (几乎不)5never(从不)0补充一个:seldom (很少)2) 频率副词在句子中的位置: 通常放在be动词,情态动词或助动词之后,行为动词之前。 但是usually, sometimes ,never也可以放在句子的开头。而频度副词 every day(每天) , three times (三次) 等往往放在句子结尾。3) 频率副词多用于一般现在时或一般过去时态中。4) 表示否定的频率副词有: hardly ever ,never, seldom, 另外还有little,few (很少,几个),如果句子中友了这些词则该句子为否定句了不需要在加no或not.5) always 反义词是never , usually 对应often ,always not = hardly6) 对频率副词提问,通常用 how often 来提问。7) hardly与hard的区别。hrdly副词,意为“几乎没有,几乎不”(为否定副词,表示否定含义)。提别提示:hardly不是hard家后缀所构成的副词。hard (adj) “困难的,硬的,艰苦的” (adv)“努力地,猛烈地,用力地”8) sometimes的用法:sometimes (有时) some times ( 几次,几倍)sometime ( 某时) sometime ( 一段时间)1c. pairwork (结对练习) Talk about the people in the picture above . (谈论上面图片中的那些人) What do they do on weekends?(他们周末在做什么?)A: What does she do on weekends ? B: She often goes to the movies . 运用图片中5个动词,模仿表格中的对话。频率副词也可多样。What does she usually do on weekends ? -She often shops on weekends.What does she often do on weekends ? - She often reads at home on weekends.What does he do on weekends ? -He usually exercises on weekends.What does he do on weekends ? -He always watches TV at home.What does she do on weekends ? -She sometimes goes skateboarding outdoors.What does he do on weekends? -He hardly ever draws pictures.What does she do on weekends ? -She never writes on weekends .2a. Listen.Cheng is talking about how often he does different activities . Number the activities you hear 1-5(听,程正在谈论他从事不同活动的频率。)知识点1 . 次数表达法: once(一次), twice(两次) ,month(月), year(年) once or twice (一两次) three or four times=three times or four (三四次)two or three times( 两三次)once a week 一周一次(“一次”用特殊词 once)twice a day 一天两次(“两次”用特殊词 twice)three times a month 一个月三次(三次或三次以上用基数词 + times 的结构构成) four times a year 一年四次知识点2. how often 句型 How often do you watch TV?-Twice a week . How many times do you watch TV?-Three times.2b. Listen again .How often does Cheng do the activities above? Match his activities with the number of times he does them. (再听一遍,程多久从事一次上述活动?将他的活动与他从事这些活动的次数联系起来。)2c. Pairwork How often do you do these activities ?Fill in the chart and then make conversations.(结对练习,你多久做一这些活动?填表,然后编对话)知识点1. surf the Internet (上网) = be online = go online 知识点2 . active的用法 active “积极的,活跃的” 名词-activity复数- activities 词组: take an active part in 积极参与知识点3 . Whats your favourite program ? - It s Animal World .favourite “最喜欢的”= likebest eg. My favourite colour is white = I like white best. 我最细化的颜色是白色。program=programme “ 节目,议程,日程,计划,纲要,纲领”Grammer Focus (语法聚焦)4. Read the magazine article .Use the information in the boxes below to help you . (阅读杂志上的文章,用下面表中的信息帮助你) 知识点1. 词组Green High School (格林高中) at Green High School (在格林高中)activity servey (活动调查) the result of “的结果”once or twice a week (一周一两次) three or four times(一周三四次) two or three times a week (一周两三次)as tor (至于,关于)do homework(做作业) homework 是不可数名词the result for “至于。结果”知识点2 . interesting 的用法:interested 与 interesting的用法区别1. interesting 表示使人感兴趣,interested 表示某人自己本身感兴趣。如:The story is very interesting, so all the children are interested in it. 这个故事很有趣,所以所有的孩子都对它感兴趣。2. 不要认为 interesting 一定指物,interested 一定指人。如:Our English teacher is very interesting. 我们的英语教师很有趣。I read an interested expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种感兴趣的表情。3. be interested 之后可接 in doing sth 或 to do sth,含义稍有差别:接前者意为“对做某事感兴趣”,接后者意为“有兴趣地做某事”。如:He is interested in becoming a painter. 他对当画家很感兴趣(即一心想当画家)。We are interested to hear your remark. 我们很有兴趣想听听你的意见。Myunclehasan_hobbyHeis_inolddictionaries Ainteresting;interestingBinterested;interested Cinteresting;interestedDinterested;interesting答:选C解析:interesting是形容词,有主动意味,意为“有趣的”,作表语时,主语通常是物;作定语时,既可修饰人,也可修饰物;interested也是形容词,有被动意味,意为“感兴趣的、对感兴趣”,主语通常是人,且多用于be/get/feel/become interested in 结构中。如:1. She is_in the_story. A.interesting; intereste B. interested; interesting C. interesting; interesting D. interested; interestedKey: B 3. What interesting people! 多么有趣的人!interesting,fun,funny的意义与习惯用法的不同 interesting用于描述令人感兴趣的事物或情形,例如: It is an interesting book for children.那是一本有趣的儿童读物。 We had a long and interesting talk.我们作了一次很有意思的长谈。 fun可以作名词,interesting和funny不能作名词,fun作形容词讲时,用来指令人愉快的事物或喜欢与之相处的人,例如: We had a fun night in the club.我们在俱乐部度过了一个欢乐的夜晚。 Our day at the beach was really fun.我们在海滩度过的日子真的很有意思。 My sister is a fun person.我妹妹是一个有趣的人。 funny用来指令人发笑的人或者事物,例如: Thats the funniest joke Ive ever heard.那是我所听过的最风趣的笑话。 interesting 形容词,用来修饰物 e.g. the film is interesting. interested 形容词,用来修饰人 e.g. I am interested to hear your story. 通常,-ing后缀都是用来修饰物的,翻译为令人.的。例如 surprising 令人惊奇的。-ed后缀是用来修饰人的,翻译为感到.的。例如surprised 感到惊奇的。 此外,还有很多这样的词:embarrassing/embarrassed, worrying/worried, amazing/amazed, shocking/shocked 等等。 只要知道这些词动词形式和后缀的意思,就很容易的指导这些词的意思了知识点3 . here 的用法: “here”是表示“处所”的副词, 表示“在这里”。但它的用法却不仅如此, 现作简单归纳。1. 常用在动词be之后, 作表语, 表示“在到这里”。主语可以是表特指的名词、代词、不定代词等, 有时也可用泛指性的名词词组。如: Ann is not here. Where is my shirt? Its here. Where are they? They are here. Is everyone here today? Are we all here? 肯定陈述句中, 这种“here”有时也可提前置于句首。主语若为名词, 应引起倒装; 主语若为人称代词, 则“主谓”要用正常语序。这种提前主要是为了强调。如: Wheres my watch? Is it in your bag? No, it isnt. Oh, here it is. ( It is here. )Its in my pencil-box. 若主语为泛指性名词, 还原正常语序时, 应用“There be 主语here”句型。Here is an English book. (There is an English book here. An English book is here. )2. 用在其他行为动词之后或句末, 作状语, 表示运动的方向, 行为发生的处所, 放置东西的处所等。如: Come here, please. Please sit down here. Put them here. 还常用在“there be.结构末作状语: There are some books here. There arent any cats here.知识点4 . 数量百分比 All = 100 most = 51-99 Some = 1-50 no = 0知识点 5 . no students , no的用法: 词性不同noa.1. 没有He has no friends in this city.在这个城市里他没有朋友。2. 【口】很少,很小Hell be back in no time.他很快就会回来。3. 不许;不要;没有No smoking!严禁吸烟!4. 【口】不可能ad.1. (用以表示否定的回答)不,不是,没有Is the baby a boy? No, its a girl.婴儿是男孩吗? 不,是女孩。2. (用在比较级之前)一点也不He is no older than you.他并不比你年长。3. (用于形容词前)并非,并无It is no different.这没有什么不同。4. (用于表示惊奇等)不对,不会,不许n.1. 不;没有;否定;拒绝Did he give a yes or a no to your idea?他对你的想法表示赞成还是反对?2. 反对票;投反对票者notad.1. 不He is not a member of the Union.他不是工会会员。2. (用来代替并否定一个词组或句子)不,不会Drop that gun! If not, youll be sorry.把枪扔下!否则你会后悔的。3. (与否定词一起构成双重否定表肯定)并非,不怎么They refused her request not without good reason.他们不无道理地拒绝了她的请求。4. (与all,both,every连用表示部分否定)不都是,不全是Both houses are not white.两所房子不都是白色的。norconj.1. (用在neither之后)也不I have neither time nor money for pop festivals.我既没时间也没钱来参加流行音乐节。2. (用在not,no,never之后)也不The story is not interesting nor instructive.这个故事没有味道,也没有教育意义。I have never spoken nor written to her.我跟她从来没说过话,也没写过信。3. (用在句首,句子须倒装)也不You do not like him, nor do I.你不喜欢他,我也不喜欢。知识点 6 . 英语中约数表达法知识点 7 . most 的用法:知识点 8. everyday 与 every day 的区别知识点 9. about 的用法:知识点 10 . as for 的用法:Section B1a . 9个生词1b . 对话 知识点1 drink的用法:知识点2 milk 的用法:知识点3 want 的用法:知识点4 be good for 的用法:知识点5 health 的用法:2a .2b.知识点1 重点单词vegetable , fruit , sleep , hour eat vegetables ,eat fruit , eat junk fooddrink milk , drink coffee知识点 2 how many 与how much 2c . 生词: interviewer 3a . 知识点1 . 词组 come home from school eating habits a lot of of course look after healthy lifestyle get good grades知识点2. pretty 的用法:知识点3. when 的用法:知识点4. try 的用法:知识点5 . a lot of 的用法:知识点6. look after的用法:知识点7. help的用法:知识点8. better的用法:知识点9. why not的用法:知识点10. the same as的用法:知识点11. be different from的用法:3b. 知识点1. kind of 的用法:知识点2. maybe 与 may be 的区别:知识点3. although的用法:3c .4. Self check 1. keep in good health2. less3. mustUnit 2 Whats the matter? (怎么啦?)Section ALanguage Goals: u Talk about your healthu Give advice 一 . 语言目标:Give advice (提出建议)知识点1. advice 的用法:(1) advice 是不可数名词,意思为“建议,忠告,劝告”, 表示“一条建议”是,不能说an advice , 而是 a piece of advice表示“一些建议”是 some advice.(2) advice 的句型 (补充)give sb advice (给某人建议) take ones advice (接受某人建议) listen to ones advice (听从某人的建议) ask for ones advice (征求某人的建议)(3) 比较:information ( “信息”,不可数名词)news (“消息”,不可数名词)advice (“建议”,不可数名词)idea ( “主意”,可数名词,复数是 ideas)二 背诵默写人体部位单词(14个) back ( 背部) arm(手臂) ear(耳朵) eye(眼睛) hand (手) head (头) leg (腿) mouth(嘴) neck(脖子,颈部) nose (鼻子) stomach(胃,肚子,腹部) tooth(牙齿)-复数(teeth ) throat (喉咙,咽喉) foot (脚)-复数(feet)三熟背5个句子 Whats the matter ? I have a cold . Whats the matter ? I have a stomachache. I have a sore back .知识点1 matter 的用法:1. n ,意思为“事情,问题,情况” eg , There is a matter I would like to discuss with you. (有一件事情我想和你讨论一下) (2)v , 意思为“要紧,关系重大”,主要用于疑问句和否定句中。 eg . It doesnt matter if you re late-well wait for you. (你来晚了也不要紧-我们会等你的。)知识点 2 句型 Whats the matter ? (怎么啦?) (1)Whats the matter ?= Whats wrong ?= Whats up ?(怎么啦?) 用于询问对方的身体状况;也是医生或护士询问病人的常用语,句子中的matter 应用“the matter”, 如果具体说到“某人如何”时多用with sb. (2) Whats wrong with you ? (你怎么啦) =Whats the matter with you ? = Whats your trouble ?= Whats the trouble with you?知识点3 生病词组短语:have (v) 有,吃 ,喝, 得病(往往用 have a +病症)eg . have a cold (伤风,感冒),have a bad cold (重感冒) have a fever (发烧) have a cough ( 咳嗽) have a sore throat (喉咙痛) have a headache (头痛) have a toothache (牙痛) have a stomachache (肚子痛,胃痛)总结表示生病的几个句型:(1) “主语+ have/ has +a +病症”。Jim has a bad cold .杰姆患了重感冒。(2) “主语+have/has+ a + sore+ 发病部位”。Sore为形容词,故放在表示身体部位的名词前面,构成名词短语。 I have a sore throat last week . 上周我喉咙痛。(3) “主语+have/has+ a + 部位ache ”。ache为名词,也可作后缀,常与表示身体部位的名词合成另外一个新词,表示身体某部位疼痛。She has a toothache . 她牙痛。补充2个句型 (4)部位+hurt(s) ,hurt 是动词,意为“疼,痛”,其过去式为hurt,表达某一具体位置的疼痛。My head hurts badly. 我头疼得厉害。(5) “ (There is) something wrong with + ones + 部位”意为“某人不舒服,出了毛病”。 I cant see anything. I think there must be something wrong with my eyes . 我什么也看不见。我想我的眼睛一定出毛病了。 辨析:ache与sore(1) ache 常指连续的,局部的疼痛,常和表示身体部位的词连用一起构成复合词。 headache 头疼 toothache 牙疼(2) sore 常指因发炎而引起的肌肉疼,在表示自身的某部位疼痛时,常置于身体部位的名词前。 Have a sore back背疼 hane a sore throat喉咙疼2a-2c 熟背,默写生病句型及建议句型1. I have a headache . You should go to bed.2. She has a stomache. She should lie down and rest . You shouldnt eat anything .3. He has a toothache . He should see a dentist .4. Tom has a fever . He should dringk lots of water.5. I have a sore throat. You should drink hot tea with honey.知识点一: 5个词组短语go to bed (上床睡觉)lie down and rest (躺下来休息)see a dentist (看牙医)lots of (许多)hot tea with honey (蜂蜜热茶)知识点2 lie 的用法:(1) lie v . 意为“躺,平卧”。Dont lie down on the ground .(2) lie v. 意为“位于”,其现在分词是lying,过去式是lay ,过去分词是lainChina lies in the east of Asia. 中国位于亚洲东部。(3) lie v . 意为“说谎”,现在分词是lying ,过去式和过去分词都是lied 。She lied to us about her job . 关于她的工作她对我们撒了谎。(4) lie 也可作名词,意为“说谎,谎言”,tell a lie / tell lies 意为“说谎”。He tells lies aboult his grade . 知识点3 rest的用法:(1) rest 用作名词,意为“休息”。常用与短语take / have a (good) rest “好好休息”。You are tied . You must have a rest .(2) rest 还可作“其余”讲,the rest of 意为“其余的”。 The rest of the studends are boys . 其余的学生是男生。(3) rest v . 意为“休息”Please sit down and rest for a rest . 知识点4 with 的用法:(1) hot tea with honey ,with在此
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