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Writing(1) Directions: For this part, you are required to write a composition on the topic: Should Private Cars Be Encouraged in China in three paragraphs. You should write no less than 120 words and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.1.在中国,私人汽车拥有量逐年增加。2.有些人赞成拥有私人汽车,有些人反对拥有私人汽车。3.我的看法。(2) Directions: For this part, youre required to write a composition on the topic“How to be successful persons”. You should write at least 100 words.范文:1. A Letter of ThanksDear Prof. Smith, Im writing to express my sincere thanks to you for the clear guidance and patient instruction I received during my study at the TeachersCollege. The study provided me with an opportunity to get some fresh ideas on Canadian literature which would be of great help to my teaching in China. I enjoyed discussing with you on cultural differences between the East and the West and I felt greatly enlightened by your wonderful remarks. Im afraid that my poor comprehension of some original Canadian literature must have given you a great deal of trouble, but I know you will forgive me for my naive ideas. Please give my best regards to your family and accept the same yourself.Yours Sincerely,Zhang Hong2. The Price of Housing in China Housing, one of the most important issues concerning Chinese people, is under great reform in the 1990s. The above graph shows that the price of housing (yuan per square meter) increased steadily from 1987 to 1999. In 1987, the price of housing was 408 yuan per square meter, while in 1999, the price of housing was 2069 yuan per square meter, which shows the cost of housing rose by 17.6% annually between 1987 and 1999. From the graph we know that the price of housing in 1999 was five times as much as that in 1987, which was the result of urbanization these years and the rise in prices of raw materials and labor forces. The government can no longer afford to offer free housing for its employees and in order to encourage the development of its economy, our leaders aim at stimulating domestic consumption. Thus, the whole country is undergoing a reform from government-granted housing to buying a house of ones own. Considering the high inflation rate, people had better change their consuming psychology and buy their won house through a mortgage instead of putting money in the bank.3. On Ambition Ambition is ones strong desire to achieve something. An ambitious man will always keep a goal in his mind and try every means to achieve it until he succeeds. Francis Bacon once said,“Ambition makes the men active, earnest, full of alacrity, and stirring, if it be not stopped. But if it be stopped, it become adust, and thereby malign and venomous.” Ambition makes people alert, energetic and full of perseverance. As a man who is going to serve his country, should he be an ambitious one? I think the answer is yes. Likewise, a teacher whose job is aimed at the improvement of his/her students needs to be ambitious. A manager who is going to make profits for the company needs to be ambitious. In a word, people of all walks of life need ambition, which can make their lives full ones. However, too much ambition will lead to ruin, for an ambitious man may attain his end by hook or by crook on his way to success. A case in point is Macbeth, a tragic character in Shakespeares play, who wanted to be king of Scotland, finally murdered the old king and seized the throne. But he was tortured by what he had done and came to had ends. Accordingly, ambition may help evil deeds if one looks at it with evil eyes.4. Never Too Old to Learn Learning is one of the most important things in ones life. As the old proverb goes, its never too old to learn. And not only the young but also the old need to learn. As a way to accumulate knowedge, learning enriches the youngs experience. That is to say, knowledge of such subjects as physics, chemistry, mathematics or arts learned at school composes an essential part in their lives, and may help to lay a solid foundation for their future work. For the old, although much has been learned in their early years, there are still a lot left for them to learn throughout the rest of their lives. Since the world is changing, new things spring up every day and await peoples exploration. Only by means of learning will they keep wise and knowledgeable. In summary, the proverb is true to all, both young and old. Lets start or go on learning.5. Saving and Spending Money According to a statistical study, several years ago, people spent more than half of their total income on food. After that, they tried their best to save the rest. Now, in contrast, they spend more than what they save. Most peoples income is put in consumption of clothes, recreations, travel, investment, education, etc. There are several reasons why people use their money so differently in the past and at present. First, it is due to peoples living standard. In the past, most people didnt have much left after they considered their daily expense. Threfore, it often required years of savings to buy one of the necessary household appliances. Now, peoples living standard has been raised greatly, and they can afford expensive things like houses or higher education. They can also enjoy a variety of recreations. The second reason lies in peoples ideology and their life styles. In the past, they had to save up their money penny by penny to buy anything they wanted. Nowadays, they dare buy luxury items such as luxurious cars through bank loan, installment or mortgage. Finally, people can enjoy long holidays than they did before. Travel agencies, big shops and stock markets all arouse peoples desire to consume. In my opinion, we should divide our income into three parts: one for investment, one for saving and one for spending. Only in this way can we feel secure if one of them comes to nothing one day. Rockefeller once said,“Dont put all your eggs in one basket.”6. On the Sense of Responsibility The sense of responsibility is the duty of caring for others with love and devotion. A responsible people will be faithful and loyal to his relatives and motherland. Chinese people have always been responsible in their ways of treating their family, their country and the world. They attend to the old and the young in order to give back the love and care they have received; they are loyal to their country, hoping that it is strong in the eyes of the world; being responsible people, they have put their countrys interest above their own needs. Finally, they are responsible for maintaining world peace and protecting the environment. Only when one is responsible for his family, his country and his world can he be a respectable citizen of his country and make his life more meaningful and valuable.7. Learning from Books and Learning from Life Sometimes we learn from books and sometimes from life. Since we need both ways to get information, which one is more important? Many people prefer the first. Knowledge from books is a high generalization of experience and experiments of our forefathers. As offspring, we can learn things directly and quickly from books, and thus avoid detours. Moreover, learning from books is a better way to broaden our minds because the vision of our eyes is rather limited and our life is relatively short. We can learn more about the history of our race and the world in which we live. Learning from books is regarded as a shortcut to success. However, I prefer the second way of learning because the knowledge we get from books is specialized and abstract, which is only a small part of the whole. We can learn from life a lot of things unwritten in books. Nowadays, we live in the information age, and knowledge is real assets. Success in the marketplace usually flows to those organizations that can most quickly exploit their“acit knowledge”valuable things people learn from experience, intuition or study, that is, from“life”in a broad sense. Both history and common sense suggest, therefore, that learning from books and learning from life are both essential, and that we should make the best use of time to learn more.8. Every Man Is the Architect of His Own Fortune Some people think a persons success in life depends on his parentssocial position and wealth; others think it depends on the intelligence and character he has inherited from his parents; still others think it is due to ones own hard work. In my opinion, success is influenced by all the factors mentioned above, and among them the most important one is ones own efforts. One can not choose his birth parents, and can not demand to be born with great gifts, but he can decide how hard he should work. Many famous people attained their status because they had the will to overcome apparently insurmountable obstacles, and they put the will into practical actions and went through a lot of hardships. That is, a person without a rich family and without outstanding character can become rich or obtain a high social position through his continuous efforts. This is the case with many exceptional scholars and managers in China today. Therefore, we have reasons to say that every man is the architect of his own fortune, and we cannot depend on others. Let us take charge of our own destiny and achieve succdess in our life.9. Which Do You Prefer, Health or Wealth? If I were asked to choose between health and wealth, I would prefer health to wealth, for I think nothing is more valuable than health. Theres saying:“Good health is the greatest wealth”. Although money can bring much to us, it means nothing to one who is in very poor health. An ill person can not make good use of his abilities or riches, and will gradually lose all his interest in life due to illness. Money can buy many things, but it can not buy good health and happiness. On the contrary, if one is strong and healthy, even though he is not rich, he can try his best to overcome all obstacle lying ahead of him and achieve success one day. Therefore, health is the foundation of ones future success and health is happiness. In one word, health is above wealth, and we must try every means to keep fit. Health is the most valuable possession one can have. No one can afford to lose it.10. My Favorite Means of Transportation Thanks to the improved living standard nowadays, people have many choices when they want to go somewhere: some drive cars to and from offices; some ride motor-cycles to visit friends; some take buses to go to market My favorite means of transportation is riding a bicycle. Compared with cars and buses, bicycles have many advantages. Firstly, they are not very expensive and almost everyone can afford to buy and repair them. Secondly, though they run more slowly than cars, bicycles are very handy and convenient. Whth a bicycle, you can go wherever you like and neednt look for a large parking place in a crowded downtown area or get a garage at home. Thirdly, bicycles dont cause air pollution. Instead, they do good to your health. In addition, it is much easier to learn to ride a bicycle than to drive a car. In my opinion, future bicycles will be more convenientthey will have less weight and more advanced safety features. I believe bicycles will have a bright outlook and will be a delight to more people.11. The Necessary Qualities of a Leader A leader is the head of a company or enterprise, who surpasses others in many capabilties. He must be a man of foresight; a man good at making correct decisions; a man brave in facing up to setbacks. Besides, he seldom passes up a chance. A good leader earns support and respect from the masses, if he is honest and sincere to them. He knows how to set free their potentials and put them in suitable posts. He must be open-minded and ready to listen to the staffs advice. A good leader must be physically healthy. For one thing, a sound body is the basis of his career. For another, physical health is also the basis of his looking-forward mind. With a healthy body, he will not regret being unable to get through his plan because of some diseases.12. Making Friends Making friends is one of the most joyful things in ones life. A true friend will act not only as a pleasant companion but also as a wise advisor or consultant. Having made good friends, people can share please and sorrow which occur frequently in their daily life. Desirable companionship can even help to release psychological tension and enrich personal satisfaction. But how can one identify a friend? First of all, a friend must keep his promise all the time and act as what he says. With the sense of justice a friend should serve as a mirror to help his companion get out of had habits and faulty behavior. Moreover, he should be ready to give assistance to friends wherever needed and whatever it may be. With the spirit of self-sacrifice he ought to show devotion to his friends under any circumstances. The friendship ought to be built on their brilliant minds, tender hearts or bravery, not on wealth or high social positions. Making friends needs both sincerity and caution. The more friends a person has, the better his life will be. If one masters the art of making friends, he masters the art of life.13. The Advantages of the Internet on Education In the past few years, there has been a steady invasion of the Internet into schools. Actually, the Internet is considered by many as a new starting point of education, because it has many advantages over traditional education. The most commonly perceived advantage of the Internet is its ability to overcome the barrier of distance. With direct desktop-to-desktop communication at the velocity of light, the Internet provides instantaneous communication right across the globe. Space and time barriers literally disappear. Education can easily occur beyond the computers available to many users. Therefore, the users of Internet are presented with a vast amount of information and knowledge. Meanwhile, because much information on the Net has broken the former monotony of verbal languages through combination with multimedia and hypermedia packages, it will help to break the psychological barriers learners feel towards learning, and will consequently stimulate studentslearning potentials. Last but not least, education through the Net is independent and self-paced; therefore, it can not only help learners to have enough time to process and absorb information but also help adults to fulfill their dreams of lifelong learning. Having so many advantages and merits, we have reasons to predict that education through the Internet has a very promising prospect.14. The Negative Effect of the Internet on Education Since the Internet was introduced into the field of education, it has been considered by many as a new stating point or even as the perfect substititute for traditional medium of teaching. But like many other things, it also has its weak points. First of all, learning through the Internet is always an independent and isolated experience. But not everybody is suited to be an independent and self-paced learner. Social bonds and competition among classmates, urge and encouragement from teachers are always very important factors in motivating students to persist in their learning. Independent learners, however, without such a strong source of motivation, are much easier to forgive their own mistakes, inefficiency, delay and laziness. Moreover, education solely through the Internet is purely information education. If education were totally mediated by the Net, the impoverishment of human interaction and spirit would occur. Finally, with such a huge amount of information easily accessible and at full disposal of the learners, the Internet will very easily become a source of plagiarism. If learners always study through the Internet with no supervision and guidance from teachers, they will very easily become intellectually lazy and less imaginative. For these reasons, we can come to a conclusion that although the Internet has many advantages, it does have some negative effects on education. To obtain more effetive education, the mutual cooperation and compensation of the Net and teachers will be needed.15. Silence Is not Always Gold Many people believe that“silence is gold”. They always speak as little as possible when associating with others because they are afraid of making mistakes and they are afraid of offending others. They hope that they will have good names and other people will find their merits. Nevertheless, we are in the commercial society, which is full of communication and competition. For one thing, quick and smooth communication with others is needed nowadays. For another, always keeping silence will make you lose many chances to succeed. How can you be employed when your good ideas and performances remain unrevealed? Silence is not always gold. Anybody who wants to communicate with others smoothly and anybody who wants to succeed in his career must display his courage and ability.16. Praise and Criticism Praise can bring out the best in people. If somebody has done something useful and worthwhile, and has received praise from other people around, he will feel very much encouraged because what he has done has been recognized. Next time he will try his best to do more such things. So we can say praise has brought his initiative into full play. The effect of praise is ever greater on children. Studies reveal that a child becomes more active after he is praised. Praise functions as lubricating oil. It not only helps promote understanding between bosses and clerks but also helps ease tension among
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