天津市武清区杨村第四中学高考英语一轮复习 语法专题五 状语从句课件 外研版.ppt

专题五 状语从句 在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句 它来说明一件事情发生的时间 地点 原因 条件 结果等 准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键 同时要注意主从句的时态呼应 考纲要求 定义 九种常用的状语从句 时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句结果状语从句目的状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句 状语从句有九种 时地原因条状补 目比结果方让步 连词引导各不同 主句通常前面走 连词引导紧随后 从句若在主前头 主从之间有个逗 whileiwaswonderingatthis ourschoolmastertookhisplace 2 wherethereisawill thereisaway 3 nowthat sinceeverybodyishere let sbeginourmeeting 4 i llspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme 5 socleverwasheastudentthathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems 6 aslongasyoudon tloseheart you llsucceed 7 tryashemight hecouldnotfindajob 8 theoldladytreatstheboyasifhewerehisownson 时间 地点 原因 目的 结果 条件 让步 方式 状语从句的分类 一 时间状语从句 掌握 1 when while as2 before after since3 till until4 assoonas immediately directly instantly themoment theinstant theminute 5 time名词短语 1 时间状语从句 when while as when既可指某一时间点 也可指一段时间 while指 在某一段时间里 在 期间 引导的动作必须是持续性的 as强调主句和从句的动作同时发生 翻译成 一边 一边 随着 时间状语从句 when while as whenhereturned hiswifewascooking whilehewasreading hiswifewascooking ashewasreading hewaslisteningtotheradio astimegoesby wehavegainedmoreknowledge 用when while as填空 1 iwaswalkingdownthestreet inoticedapolicecarinfrontofthestore 2 johnarrived iwascookinglunch 3 hegrewolder helostinterestineverythingexceptgardening when while when as 2 beforeitwillbe 一段时间 before从句 does 要过 才能做itwillnotbe 一段时间 before从句要不了 就能做itwas 一段时间 before从句 did 过了 做了 itwasnot 一段时间 before从句 did 没过 做了 1 itwillbethreedaysbeforeyoucanopenthecoverofthejar 2 itwillnotbetenyearsbeforewemeetagain 3 itwastenyearsbeforewedidtheexperiment 4 itwasnotlongbeforewereturnedback examples 3 时间状语从句 since itis hasbeenfiveyearssincetombegantosmoke 汤姆吸烟有五年了 itis hasbeenfiveyearssincetomsmokedacigar 汤姆不吸烟有五年了 since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词 又可以是瞬时动词 一般情况下 从句谓语动词用一般过去时 句型 itis 一段时间 since从句 延续性动词 否定翻译 短暂性动词 直译 itis hasbeenthreeyearssincehegraduatedfromcollege 自从他大学毕业以来已经三年了 itis hasbeenthreeyearssincehelivedhere 他不住在这儿有三年了 5 notuntil句型 与强调句型结合ididn tgotosleepuntilhecameback 与倒装句式结合 itwasnotuntilhecamebackthatiwenttosleep notuntilhecamebackdidigotosleep 6 一 就 1 assoonasiarriveinshanghai i llwritetoyou 2 upon on v ing n at n onleavinghome herealizedhowimportantthefamilyis thecryingboysmiledatthesightofhismother 3 immediately 句子4 the 时间名词 minute moment 句子 5 hardly when nosooner than 我刚一到家 就下雨了 ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain hardlyhadigothomewhenitbegantorain nosoonerhadigothomethanitbegantorain 7 time短语引导的时间状语 everytime eachtime nexttime thefirsttime anytime allthetime等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句 表示 每当 每次 下次 等 every eachtimeiwasintrouble hewouldcometohelpmeout nexttimeyoucome doremembertobringyoursonhere thelasttimeshesawjames hewaslyinginbed a d b b d a c d b c c a b 二 让步状语从句 即使 虽然 无论 1 though although不能与but连用 但可与yet或still连用although though hewasoversixty yet hebegantolearnfrench 2 evenif eventhough 即使 纵使 i llgoevenif though itrainstomorrow 3 while 即使 尽管 一般放在句首whileifeltitriedmybesttogetalongwithhim hestillwasunsatisfiedwithme 4 nomatter 疑问词 wh evernomatterhowbusyhewas hestudiedenglisheveryday nomatterwhattheweatheritis themeetingwillbeheldontime5 as倒装句childasheis heknowsalot coldasitis thoughitiscold thechildrenplayoutdoors 6 whether or 不管 不论 还是 inspiteof despite thefactthat a b a b 三 条件状语从句 连接词 if unless if not 除非 so aslongas只要 incase以防万一 once一旦 onlyif 只要 onconditionthat 只要 注意 分清真实条件句和非真实条件句 ifiwereyou iwouldaskthepoliceforhelp 非真实条件句中要用虚拟语气 练习 1 shorthairstylesmakethefacelooklonger especially therearecurlsonthetop 2 lifecontinues thedamagedonetothebodyistooserious 3 thereishope lifecontinues 4 i llcome johnisinvited too 5 thematchiscancelled whatcanwedofortheweekend if unless aslongas incase onconditionthat wouldshouldcouldmight 一般条件句中的虚拟语气 四 地点状语从句 地点状语从句通常由where wherever where的强势语 和everywhere anywhere等引导 是表示空间关系的状语从句 1 wherethereisawill thereisaway 2 ifoundmybookswhereihadleftthem 注意 在地点状语从句之前 不要使用介词 误 youshouldputthebookatwhereitwas 正 youshouldputthebookwhereitwas 你应该把书放在原来的地方 判断下列句子类型 1 youwouldletyourchildrenplaywhereyoucanseethem 2 youwouldletyourchildrenplayintheplacewhereyoucanseethem 3 you dbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions 4 you dbettermakeamarkattheplacewhereyouhaveanyquestions 五 原因状语从句 1 ididn tgotoschoolyesterdaybecauseiwasill 2 since astheweatherissobad wehavetodelayourjourney 3 sinceeverybodyishere let sbeginourmeeting 4 asyouareinpoorhealth youshouldnotstayuplate 5 iaskedhertostaytotea forihadsomethingtotellher 6 heisabsenttoday forheisill 其他连接词还有considering that 考虑到seeing that 既然inthat在 方面 因为1 seeingthatit sraining you dbettertakea2 ilikethecity butilikethecountrybetterinthatihavemorefriendsinthecounty 结果状语从句sothat so that such that目的状语从句sothat such that inorderthat lest 以免 incase和forfearthat 以防 区分sothat引导的是目的状语从句 有might may can could should等情态动词 还是结果状语从句speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou 2 hegotonthetrainlatesothathefoundalltheseatsoccupied 目的 结果 六 结果 目的状语从句 结果状语从句sothat so that such thatiraisedmyvoice sothateveryoneheardme hewassoexcitedthathecouldn tsayaword shetoldussuchaninterestingstorythatweallforgotthetime 注 在much many little few这四个词前总是用so而不用such hehadsomanyfallsthathewasblackandblueallover heearnssolittlemoneythathecanhardlyfeedhisfamily 拓展 当so或such置于句首时 主句要用倒装语序 hewassocleverthathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems socleverwashethathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems 目的状语从句 sothat inorderthat引导目的状语从句 常用情态动词may might can could should等连用 iraisedmyvoicesothateveryonecouldhearme drawacatasitaughtyou 按照我教你的画一只猫 doasyouaretold 按照人家告诉你做的去做 七 方式状语从句 as 按照或正如 theytreattheblackboyasif though hewereananimal 他们对待这黑人孩子仿佛他是一头牲口 asif asthough好象 似乎 asif asthough 好象 仿佛 as 像 犹如 正如 theway just as so正如 1 itlooks itisgoingtorain 2 thechildtalks hewereaman 3 iwantyoutotellthemyourexperienceexactlyasyouhavetoldittome 4 theway that inwhich e g payattentiontoyourtablemanners idon tlikethewayyoueatsoup 5 aswateristofish soairistomen asif asif as as notso as thesameassuch as than themore themore 1 heistallerthani am me 2 shelikespopasmuchashe does him 3 themoreamanlearns themoreheseeshisignorance 4 thehigherthetreeis thestrongerthewindis 八 比较状语从句 倍数表达法 他们的房子是我们的两倍 theirroomistwicebiggerthanours theirroomistwiceasbigasours theirroomistwicethesizeofours length height weight width 状语从句注意事项 1 省略1 when youare inrome doastheromansdo 2 wewilldothatwhen if itis necessary 2 as while since可引导哪些状语从句 as 时间 原因 比较 方式 让步while 时间 让步since 时间 原因3 asfaras引导表示程度 范围 至于 就 1 就我所知 hehasgonetotown 2 iwillhelpyou尽我所能 4 时态主将从现 在条件 时间和让步从句中 用一般现在时表示一般将来时 用现在完成时表将来完成时5 倒装状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况 否定词开头 so加adj 开头 such加n 开头 as though引导的让步状语从句 6 搭配although though不能与but连用 但可与yet still nevertheless连用because不能与so连用 unless不能与or otherwise连用 在条件 时间和让步从句中 用一般现在时表示一般将来时 用现在完成时表将来完成时 用一般过去时表过去将来时 在since引导的时间状语从句中 动词一般都用一般过去时 而主句常用现在完成时 c b 状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况 否定词开头 so加adj 开头 as though引导的让步状语从句 d a 题1是主从复合句 所以中间不能使用并列连词and or but so等 yet是副词 只有yet可以与though连用 题2为并列句 而 excuse but 为一固定搭配 在复习中需要细心的分析句子结构和成分 a c 考点与难点归纳 1 各种从属连词的含义及用法比较 2 nomatterwh 与wh ever引导的从句的区别 3 状语从句的时态问题 4 状语从句倒装及紧缩问题 5 状语从句与其它从句的区别 考点 难点 对比训练与巩固 heheardthis hegotveryangry 2 imetlucy iwaswalkingalongtheriver 3 achild helivedinthecountryside a whenb whilec as 对比训练1 a b c 1 wewereabouttoleave itbegantorain 2 shethoughtiwastalkingaboutherson infact iwastalkingaboutmyson 3 hardlyhadifinishedmycomposition thebellrang a whenb whilec asd during 对比训练2 a b a 1 child sheis sheknowalot 2 hedidtheexperiment hewastold 3 thepianosintheothershopwillbecheaper butnot good a duringb asc sod thoughe bothbandc 对比训练3 e b b 1 hewouldhavealookatthebookstores hewenttotown 2 wedecidetofinishtheworkontime happens 3 ifweworkwithastrongwill weovercomeanydifficulty greatitis 4 i llgivethebookto likesenglish a wheneverb whoeverc whateverd however 对比训练4 a c d b 对比训练5 1 itwillbeyears wemeetagain 2 itistenyears icametothistown 3 itistenyearsago icametothistown a whenb thatc befored since c d b 对比训练6 d b a 1 itrains thegamewillbeplayedontime 2 iwastwenty ihadneverbeenawayfrommyhometown 3 hewerethere hecouldn thelpus a evenifb untilc tilld unless 对比训练7 goandgetyourcoat itis youleftit 2 youarefreetogo youlike a thereb wherec whereverd when b c 对比训练8 1 thearticleiswritteninsucheasyenglish allofuscanreadit 2 thearticleiswritteninsucheasyenglish allofuscanread a thatb whichc asd sothat a c a 对比训练9 1 ifweworkhard wecanovercomeanydifficulty nomatter greatitis 2 ifweworkhard wecanovercomeanydifficulty greatitis 3 ifweworkhard wecanovercomeanydifficulty difficultyitis 4 ifweworkhard wecanovercomeanydifficulty nomatter difficultyitis a whatb howc howeverd whatever b c d a theadverbialclause 状语从句 1 igettopairs i llcallyouupattheairport a sinceb whilec onced although2 theheadmastercomes wewon tdiscussthisplan a unlessb ifnotc exceptd whether 3 billmusthavebeenawayfromtheoffice howmanytimesiphonedhim nobodyansweredit a whateverb nomatterc inspiteofd though4 ihadbeentobeijinglong youvisitedit a beforeb tillc afterd when 5 heisgoodatdrawing a tobeachildb achildasheisc asachildd childasheis6 don tbediscouraged youhavefallenbehindothers a whetherb asifc evenifd however 7 wecangetthereontime thecardoesn tbreakdown a whileb aslongasc sothatd evenif8 thevaseontheleftisthantheoneontheright andnot a morenicer soexpensiveb muchmorebetter asexpensivec nicer asexpensived better suchexpensive 9 itwasn tlong hejoinedthejob a thatb beforec untild and10 theseplanescanfly thantheoldones a asfastthreetimesb threetimesasfastc threetimesfastd threetimesfaster 11 hadthebellrung thestudentstooktheirseats a hardly whenb nosooner whenc hardly thand nosooner then12 manytimes buthestillcouldn tunderstandit a havingbeentoldb thoughhadbeentoldc hewastoldd havingtold 14 you dbetterdo youarerequired a likeb whichc thatd as 15 thatnoneofuscouldfollowhim a hespokeveryfastb sofasthespokec toofasthespoked sofastdidhespeak 16 i llstartearly itmaybedark a howeverb whetherc ifd though 17 thebabyfellasleep theroom a after didthemotherleaveb notuntil didthemotherleavec notuntil themotherleftd soonafter themotherhadleft 18 thedaywenton theweathergotworse a withb sincec asd while 19 hecan thavegoneout thelightisstillon a becauseb sincec asd for 20 iwaswalkingalongtheriver iheardacryforhelp a whileb sincec whend as 21 weshouldn tdothatdangerousexperiment theteacheriswithas a ifnotb ifc unlessd aslongas 22 hehas littleeducationheisunabletofindajob a such thatb so andc so thatd such and 23 thesoldierwaswounded hepushedon a forb andc sod yet 24 thefullletterreads follows a likeb asc thatd which 25 willyougo ourmotherlandneedsusmostaftergraduation a thatb wherec in