大学英语三(综合教程)第八单元.doc

大学体验英语三（综合教程）Unit 8Conflicts in the WorldListen and TalkLead inWars between states have become less frequent. But in the last decade internal wars have claimed more than 5 million lives, and driven even more people from their homes. At the same time weapons of mass destruction continue to cast their 1) . The threat of deadly conflict must be tackled 2) : Pursuing arms reductions. The Secretary-General urges Member States to control small arms transfers more rigorously; and to re-commit themselves to reducing the dangers both of existing 3) and of further proliferation. Strengthening 4) . While traditional peacekeeping had focused mainly on monitoring ceasefires, todays complex peace operations are, in essence, to assist the parties 5) to pursue their interests through political channels instead. Prevention. Conflicts are most frequent in poor countries, especially in those that are ill governed and where there are sharp inequalities between ethnic or 6) . The best way to prevent them is to promote balanced 7) , combined with human rights, minority rights and fair political arrangements. Also, illicit transfers of weapons, money, or natural resources must be focused. Protecting the vulnerable. We must 8) to enforce international and human rights law, and ensure that gross violations do not go unpunishedKey:1. shadow of fear 2. at every stage 3. nuclear weapons 4. peace operations 5. engaged in conflict 6. religious groups 7. economic development 8. find better waysPassage A: Return from the Cage2. Answer the following questions with the information from the passage. 1) Why did the author feel confused and bewildered when she was free to go anywhere in Austin? She had lived a confined life in Palestine too long to get used to her sudden freedom of movement.2) The sight of the peaceful surroundings brought tears to the authors eyes. Why?The sight threw the author into a great sorrow for those still suffering on the war-ridden land of the Middle East.3) What information does the author want to scream to Americans?The weapons against Palestinian people were made in USA.4) What warnings did the author give repeatedly? Another Vietnam war may break out and young Americans may shed their blood.5) What do you think should be done to stop the conflict and killing? Open3. Choose the best answer to each question with the information from the passage. 1. What does the author intend to convey by telling the story of 3-year-old Marianna? A) People in Bethlehem, especially the young, have been deprived of the pleasures of life. B) The Palestinian people have no access to modern civilization. C) Children in Jerusalem have got no chance to enjoy beauty of nature. D) Rigid rules have prevented the Palestinian people from moving at will.2. What caused the author to have frequent fears and nightmares in her undisturbed life in Austin? A) A feeling of strangeness toward the town because of her 11-year absence. B) All sorts of inconveniences she has encountered after her return. C) Her memory of the horrible scenes during her stay in the Middle East. D) Helicopters hovering up in the sky over the city.3. According to the author, what attitude do the American people hold to the sufferings of the Palestinian people? A) They generally feel indifferent. B) They are in sympathy with the Palestinian people. C) They stand neutral on this matter. D) They support the uprising of the Palestinian people.4. What does the author mean by mentioning the US-made weapons used in the Middle East? A) The US has taken advantage of the conflict to make a lot of profits. B) The US has indirectly got involved in the conflict in this region. C) The US forces have joined in the massacres of the Palestinian civilians. D) The US has spared no efforts to wipe out its opponents.5. Why did the author feel like an animal inside a cage when she was in Palestine? A) She was confined to the refugee camp all the time. B) She found herself living under strict military control. C) She was not allowed to go outside her residence. D) She got no permit to move out in the Israeli-occupied area.Anwser: 1.D, 2.C, 3.A, 4.B, 5.B4.Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word. Muna Hamzeh is a writer who spent eleven years living in a Palestinian r_camp in Bethlehem. Now she is back in the United States and finding it difficult to a_. She compares her life in the camp to what she enjoys now in Austin, Texas the wide open spaces, c_with nature and, most importantly, freedom of m_. During her last two months at the camp there was frequent fighting, memories of which make her n_every time she hears or sees helicopters and ambulances. She is also angry at the fact that a lot of the Israeli m_equipment is actually made in the United States and paid for by US citizens through their taxes but that North Americans dont seem to know about this, or to c_. She worries that this i_may result in another Vietnamese war, with young people fighting a war and dying when they dont even understand why. Anwser: 1.refugee 2.adjust 3.contact 4.movement 5.nervous 6.military 7.care 8.indifference 5. Choose the one word or phrase that best keeps the meaning of the underlined part in each sentence. 1. It was the open space in Austin that initially overwhelmed me. A) completely B) originally C) temporarily D) permanently2. She lives confined to Bethlehem for 11 years. A) contented B) designated C) embraced D) restricted3. The second Palestinian uprising against Israels military occupation was already two months under way. A) invasion B) profession C) vacation D) career4. I had to constantly remind myself that these were most often civilian and not military helicopters. A) faithfully B) forcefully C) continuously D) consequently5. I worry about the indifference in this country. A) unconcern B) diversity C) simplicity D) similarityAnwser: 1.B, 2.D, 3.A, 4.C, 5.A6. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. bewilder comfortable confine daze drift innocent linger overwhelm terrify venture 1. On arriving at the scenic spot, the tourists were warned not to _ on the river in the small boat. 2. Lets go and sit in the middle of the theater so that we can see the screen at a _ angle. 3. The judges must _ their attention to the facts only, and leave out anything that could be described as hearsay. 4. Roy complained to the doctor that he had been in a _ condition recently. 5. Owen and Nancy had been happily married for 2 years before they gradually _ apart until they separated. 6. Mikes eyes _ on the digital camera, a new model with all sorts of frills. 7. When Bonny stepped into his house and saw it was in a mess, a _ expression appeared on his face. 8. Pompeii was _ by dust and ashes from the volcano eruption. 9. A lot of _ people lost their lives during the border conflict. 10. The thought of flying _ her so much that she decided to give up the trip to Europe.Anwser: 1. venture 2. comfortable 3. confine 4. dazed 5. drifted 6. linger 7. bewildered 8. overwhelmed 9. innocent 10. terrified7. Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. Make changes where necessary.1. As my house is the only one by the road built with red bricks, it _ and you cant miss it. 2. In those days even bicycles were very dear and hard to _ , and coupons were issued for them. 3. The yearly campaign to raise funds for the Red Cross is _ . 4. The soldiers were going from one ruined house to another _ survivors of the earthquake. 5. Many international students suffer from culture shock after they arrive in a foreign country; it usually takes them about three months to _ the new life. Anwser:1. sticks out 2. come by 3. under way 4. in search of 5. adjust to8. Translate the following sentences into English.1. 同这个案件相比，最近几个月的盗窃事件不值得一提。(pale / in comparison)The thefts in recent months paled in comparison with the case .2. 那次交通事故虽然已经过去了好几年，但他还是摆脱不了负疚感。(to shake away)Several years have passed since the traffic accident, and he still cant shake away the guilty feeling.3. 尽管我们提出了降低成本的建议，董事会的成员们似乎没有认真考虑。(to appear / to take . seriously)Though we had put forward the proposal to reduce cost, the board members didnt appear to take it seriously.4. 周围的山坡已经变得光秃秃的，但这并没有使村民们想起保护环境的重要性。(bare / to remind)The bare hills around havent reminded the villagers of the importance of protecting the environment.5. 办公室里可能再不会响起他那爽朗的笑声了。(unlikely / to ring)It is unlikely for his hearty laughter to ring in our office again.9. First notice the italicized structural similarities between the choice sentences and their simulated reproductions, and then do the simulated translation of the Chinese sentences. 1.I had just returned to the United States , after an absence of 11 years during which I lived in a refugee camp in Bethlehem . The Smiths had just returned to their hometown, after an absence of five weeks they spent touring Europe . 离开了 18 年以后，曼德拉（ Mandela ）回到了故土。 18 年来他一直呆在监狱里。 2.No Palestinian can venture into the Holy City without a special Israeli-issued permit. No tourist can venture into the rain forests without an experienced guide. 没有适当的防护措施，探视者是不敢贸然进入 隔离病房 （ isolation ward ）的。 3.The second Palestinian uprising against Israel s military occupation was already two months under way . The rainy season is usually under way during this time of year in the southern provinces of China . 音乐会开始后，迟到者免入。 4.But adjusting to my sudden freedom paled in comparison to overcoming my fears and my nightmares. Our regional development plan paled in comparison to the national environmental operations. 我原本觉得自己很不幸，但和你的遭遇比起来，这算不得什么。 5.Hard as I tried, I couldnt shake the sounds away. Hard as I tried, I couldnt live up to my mothers expectations. 不管多么努力，在毕业几个月后，他还是连个面试的机会都没有得到。1. Mandela had just returned to his homeland, after an absence of 18 years he spent in prison.2. No visitor can venture into the isolation ward without proper protection.3. No late comer will be admitted once the concert is under way.4. I thought I was unlucky but my experience pales in comparison to yours.5. Hard as he tried, he couldnt even get a job interview several months after he graduated from college.Passage B: Yes to Peace No to Violence12. Choose the best answer to each question with the information from the passage. 1. The peace-making process between Israel and Palestine started with _. A) the election of Yitzhak Rabin as Israels prime minister B) the speech made by Yitzhak Rabin at a peace rally C) the death of Yitzhak Rabin after he delivered his speech D) the historic meeting between Yitzhak Rabin and Yasir Arafat2. Which one of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A) Egypt, Jordan and Morocco sent their representatives to the peace rally. B) The President of Egypt was present at the peace rally. C) The PLO leader Yasir Arafat was present at the peace rally. D) Shimon Peres held different opinions with Yitzhak Rabin.3. Yitzhak Rabin decided to give up military actions mainly because _. A) they caused too many deaths B) they didnt lead to peace C) they couldnt defend Israel D) they torpedoed Israels economy4. At the peace rally, Yitzhak Rabin sent a message to people around the world that _. A) he was heading the Israeli government B) he believed differences could co-exist in a democracy C) he was determined to promote and achieve a comprehensive peace D) he was ready to relieve the pain of the families of the IDF soldiers5. From the passage we can conclude that _. A) Yitzhak Rabin was quite sure that peace was close at hand B) Yitzhak Rabin still doubted that peace could be made C) Yitzhak Rabin thought that violence was emotionally charged D) Yitzhak Rabin believed that there was a chance for peace Anwser: 1.D, 2.A, 3.B, 4.C, 5.D13. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. cease compromise condemn conflict erode exhaust mandate preferable prolong promote 1. The exposed frauds in the financial reports of some large corporations will _ the confidence of the American people in the stock market. 2. Although he is no longer with me, his words and deeds will never _ to influence me in my future work. 3. Many people are afraid that the repeated armed _ between the two countries might trigger a nuclear war. 4. He was given a renewed _ by the Peoples Congress to head the Ministry of Defense. 5. The building of the so-called highest tower in the city _ almost all the corporations funds and pushed it to the edge of bankruptcy (破产). 6. The first priority of this government is to create a peaceful situation so as to _ our economic development. 7. Many investors think China is _ to other developing countries in terms of investment, security and profitability. 8. Medical scientists are exhausting all possibilities to find a means of _ life. 9. If the two parties could not reach a _ over the dispute, there would be no end to violence. 10. The murder of Yitzhak Rabin _ by the peace-loving people all over the world. Anwser: 1. erode 2. cease 3. conflicts 4. mandate 5. exhausted6. promote 7. preferable 8. prolonging 9. compromise 10. was condemned14. Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. Make changes where necessary. 1. Alfred Nobel was quick to _ the industrial openings for his inventions and built up almost 80 companies in 20 countries. 2. _ health, many retired Americans cho