（浙江专用）2017届高考英语二轮复习 第三部分 题型强化训练 专题二 完型填空 第3课时 说明文、议论文类完形填空.doc

专题二 完型填空 第3课时 说明文、议论文类完形填空题组一体验真题cloze 1体裁：说明文话题：环境保护词数：290时间：16(2015安徽卷)in our modern world，when something wears out，we throw it away and buy a new one.the_1_is that countries around the world have growing mountains of _2_because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.how did we_3_a throwaway society？first of all，it is now easier to_4_an object than to spend time and money to repair it._5_modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology，companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.products are plentiful and_6_another cause is our_7_of disposable (一次性的) products.as_8_people，we are always looking for_9_to save time and make our lives easier.companies _10_ thousands of different kinds of disposable products：paper plates，plastic cups，and cameras，to name a few.our appetite for new products also_11_to the problem.we are_12_buying new things.advertisements persuade us that_13_is better and that we will be happier with the latest products.the result is that we_14_useful possessions to make room for new ones.all around the world，we can see the_15_of this throwaway lifestyle.mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger.to_16_the amount of rubbish and to protect the_17_，more governments are requiring people to recycle materials._18_，this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.maybe there is another way out.we need to repair our possessions_19_throwing them away.we also need to rethink our attitudes about_20_repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.【语篇解读】文章主要讲的是堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的影响。随着社会的发展，人们倾向于扔掉用旧了的东西，以新物品取而代之。而且，包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便的同时，也给环境带来很大的压力。1a.key breasoncproject dproblem答案d句意：关键是世界各国日益堆积如山的垃圾。a.答案；b.原因；c.项目；d.问题。根据第二行“the world.”可知，出现的问题是垃圾堆积如山，故选d。2a.gifts brubbish cdebt dproducts答案b句意：因为人们扔掉垃圾比以往任何时候都多。考查上下文逻辑关系。根据下文中的throwing out more rubbish可知。3a.facebbecomecobservedchange答案b句意：我们如何成为一个一次性的社会？考查动词辨析。4a.hidebcontrolcreplacedwithdraw答案c句意：首先，现在我们可以更容易地替换一个对象要比花时间和金钱来修复它更容易。5a.thanks to bas tocexcept for dregardless of答案a句意：由于现代制造业和技术，公司能够迅速而廉价地制造产品。 考查介词短语辨析。a.幸亏；由于；b.至于；关于；c.除之外；d.不顾；不管。6a.safebfunny ccheap dpowerful答案c句意：产品丰富多样并且廉价。 考查形容词辨析。a.安全的；b.滑稽可笑的；d.强大的；强有力的；均不符合题意。7a.love black cprevention ddivision答案a句意：一次性的另一个原因是我们的爱(一次性的产品)。考查名词辨析。b.缺乏；c.预防；阻碍；d.部门；分割。8a.sensitive bkindcbravedbusy答案d句意：对于忙碌的人而言，我们一直在寻找方法来节省时间，让我们的生活更容易。 考查生活常识。a.敏感的；b.和蔼的；c.勇敢的。9a.waysbplaces cjobs dfriends答案a句意：见8题。way to do sth为固定搭配。10a.donate breceivecproduce dpreserve答案c句意：公司生产成千上万的不同种类的一次性产品，如纸盘子，塑料杯，照相机，等等。 考查逻辑关系。a.捐赠；b.收到；d.保护；维持。11a.adapts breturnscrespondsdcontributes答案d句意：我们的新产品需求也导致一些问题。 考查固定短语搭配。a.适应；改编；b.返回；回复；c.对做出反应。d.contribute to “有助于；导致”。12a.tired of baddicted tocworried about dashamed for答案b句意：我们热衷于购买新东西。考查固定短语搭配。a.对厌倦；b.对上瘾；迷恋于；c.担心；d.为感到惭愧。13a.newer bstronger chigher dlarger答案a句意：广告说服我们：越新越好。我们会更乐于使用最新产品。 考查生活常识。14a.pick up bpay forchold ontodthrow away答案d句意：结果是，我们扔掉有用的东西，为新的物品腾出空间。 考查上下文逻辑关系。a.捡起；学会；b.付款；赔偿；c.紧紧抓住，抓住不放；保持住；d.扔掉，丢弃。15a.advantages bpurposescfunctionsdconsequences答案d句意：在世界各地，我们可以看到这种一次性生活方式的后果。考查名词辨析。a.优势；优点；b.目的；c.功能；d.后果；结果。16a.showbrecordcdecrease dmeasure答案c句意：为了减少垃圾，保护环境，越来越多的政府要求人们回收材料。考查动词辨析。a.显示；表明；b.记录；记载；c.减少；d.测量；权衡。17a.technology benvironment cconsumersdbrands答案b句意：见16题。 考查上下文逻辑关系。由文章最后的take care of our environment可知。18a.however botherwisecthereforedmeanwhile答案a句意：然而，这并不足以解决我们的问题。 考查联系副词。a.可是；然而；b.否则； c因此；d.与此同时。19a.by bin favour ofcafterdinstead of答案d句意：我们需要修复我们的财产而不是丢弃。 考查介词和介词短语辨析。b.支持；赞成。20a.spending bcollectingcrepairingdadvertising答案a句意：我们还需要重新思考我们对消费的态度。 考查逻辑关系。由上文可知。cloze 2体裁：说明文话题：语言学习词数：253时间：15(2013安徽卷)if you want to learn a new language，the very first thing to think about is why.do you need it for a_1_reason，such as your job or your studies？_2_perhaps youre interested in the_3_，films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a_4_of the language.most people learn best using a variety of_5_，but traditional classes are an ideal(理想的)start for many people.they_6_an environment where you can practice under the _7_ of someone whos good at the language.we all lead _8_ lives and learning a language takes_9_you will have more success if you study regularly，so try to develop a_10_it doesnt matter if you havent got long.becoming fluent in a language will take years，but learning to get by takes_11_many people start learning a language and soon give up.“im too_12_，” they say.yes，children do learn languages more _13_ than adults，but research has shown that you can learn a language at any_14_and learning is good for the health of your brain，too.ive also heard people_15_ about the mistakes they make when_16_well，relax and laugh about your mistakes _17_youre much less likely to make them again.learning a new language is never _18_but with some work and devotion，youll make progress.and youll be _19_by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in _20_ own language.good luck!【语篇解读】该篇文章属于说明文，主要讲述了学语言的原因。学好语言的方式：班级授课及经常练习，个人学习语言的态度，即从不放弃，专心致志。1a.technical bpolitical cpractical dphysical答案c根据your job or your studies可知，需要学习语言是出于“实际，实用”。technical“技术的”，political“政治的”，physical“身体的”。2a.after bso cthough dor答案dor表示“选择”关系，“或者”。3a.literature btransportcagriculture dmedicine答案a根据film，music可知，语言与文学有关。4a.view bknowledgecform ddatabase答案ba knowledge of“(掌握)某一方面的知识”。句意：掌握该语言对你的帮助有多大。5a.paintings bregulationscmethods dcomputers答案c句意：使用多种多样的学习方法，人们能学得更好，但是传统的班级授课制仍对于许多初学者是最好的起点。根据traditional classes可知，该空应为“学习方式(方法)”。6a.protect bchange crespect dprovide答案d句意：班级授课提供了在擅长语言的人指导下进行练习的环境。protect“保护”，change“改变”，respect“尊重”，provide“提供”。7a.control bcommandcguidance dpressure答案cunder the guidance of“在指导下”。control“控制”，command“命令”，pressure“压力”。8a.busy bhappy csimple dnormal答案a句意：我们人人过着忙碌的生活。busy“繁忙的”，happy“幸福的”，simple“简朴的”，normal“正常的”。9a.courage btime cenergy dplace答案blearning a language takes time.学习语言需要时间，从下文take years可推知。10a.theory bbusiness croutine dproject答案c句意：如果你能定期学习，你将会取得更大的进步，所以你应努力养成一种习惯。由regularly可推知。11a.some risks ba lot lesscsome notes da lot more答案b句意：语言说得流利会需要好几年的时间，但勉强将就则会需要少得多。根据but可知。12a.old bnervous cweak dtired答案a根据下文可知，该空应填入与“年龄”有关的词。13a.closely bquickly cprivately dquietly答案b句意：孩子学习语言的确要比成年人快。closely“密切地”，quickly“快速地”，privately“私下地”，quietly“静静地”。14a.age bspeed cdistance dschool答案a句意：但是研究表明，你在任何年龄都可以学习语言。age“年龄”，speed“速度”，distance“距离”，school“学校”。15a.worry bhesitate cthink dquarrel答案aworry about“担心”。16a.singing bworking cbargaining dlearning答案d句意：我也听说过人们担心他们在学习中犯错。17a.if band cbut dbefore答案b句意：放松并嘲笑自己的错误，你将会少犯这些错误。该处考查连词的用法。18a.tiresome bhardcinteresting deasy答案d句意：学习一种新语言从不是轻松的。根据下文but可推知。19a.blamed bamazedcinterrupted dinformed答案b句意：在你能用别人的语言说出几个单词时，你将会对别人积极的回应感到惊讶。blame“责备”，amaze“惊讶”，interrupt“打断”，inform“告知”。20a.their bhis cour dyour答案a根据上文some people可推知。题组二尝试模拟cloze 1(2016湖北八校联考)most people are poor listeners.even when we think we are listening carefully，we usually _1_ only half of what we hear，and we remember even less.improving your listening skills can be _2_ in every part of your life.the most important _3_ of poor listening is giving in to distractions (分心的事物) and letting our thoughts _4_sometimes，however，we listen too _5_we try to remember every word a speaker says，and we lose the _6_ message by concentrating on details.in other situations，we may jump to conclusions and _7_ a speaker without hearing out the message.finally，we often judge people by their _8_ or speaking manner _9_ listening to what they say.you can _10_ these poor listening habits by taking several steps.first，take listening _11_ and commit yourself to becoming a better listener.second，work at being a(n) _12_ listener.give your undivided attention to the speaker in a genuine effort to _13_ her or his ideas.third，_14_ distractions.make a conscious effort to keep your mind on what the speaker is saying.fourth，try not to be _15_ by appearance or delivery._16_ preconceived(事先形成的) judgments based on a persons looks or manner of speech.fifth，suspend (延缓) judgment _17_ you have heard the speakers entire message.sixth，_18_ your listening by paying attention to main points，to evidence，and to the speakers techniques.finally，develop your notetaking skills.when done _19_，note taking is an excellent way to improve your concentration and to keep track of a speakers _20_it almost forces you to become a more attentive and creative listener.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何才能成为一名好的倾听者。1a.grasp brealize cbelieve dchoose答案a根据上文的poor listeners及下文的remember even less可知，即便认真去听，我们通常也只能“领会(grasp)”所听到的一半内容。2a.difficult bhelpful cpossible dpractical答案b下文介绍的是提高听力技能的方法，所以此处指提高听力技能对生活的方方面面都有“帮助(helpful)”。3a.role bfactor cfunction dcause答案d容易受干扰是听力差的最重要的“原因(cause)”。4a.pass bwander cstop dstay答案b根据上文的giving in to distractions可知，此处指思绪“乱飞(wander)”。5a.long bclearly chard dpassively答案c根据下文的we try to remember every word可知，有时，我们听不好是因为听得“过于认真(hard)”了。6a.main bnew cuseful dhidden答案a根据下文的concentrating on details可知，此处指没抓住“主要(main)”信息。7a.prejudge bignore cdoubt dleave答案a根据下文的without hearing out the message可知，没听完对方说什么，就“妄下结论(prejudge)”。8a.words bspeedcbehavior dappearance答案d9a.due to balong withcinstead of dexcept for答案c根据speaking manner可知，人们经常通过“外表(appearance)”或说话方式，“而不是(instead of)”对方所讲的内容来评价一个人。下一段的looks or manner of speech也是提示。10a.pick up bgive upctake up dput up答案b下文提到的方法都是帮助大家“改掉(give up)”不良听力习惯的。11a seriously bnaturallycpersonally dwrongly答案a根据下文的commit yourself可知，听别人说话时应该“认真(seriously)”。take sth seriously严肃认真地对待某事。12a.clever bactive cfree dpowerful答案b13a.test bsupportcunderstand ddiscuss答案c根据本句中的undivided attention和genuine effort可知，我们应该做一个“积极的(active)”倾听者，努力去“听懂(understand)”对方要表达的意思。14a.consider bshare cwatch dresist答案d根据下文的keep your mind on what the speaker is saying可知，倾听时需要“抵制(resist)”干扰。15a.affected bpuzzledcreplaced dpersuaded答案a16a.set aside bset downcset off dset out答案a根据上一段及下文中的judgments based on a persons looks or manner of speech可知，此处是说不要被外表等因素“影响(affected)”，把那些事先形成的判断都“抛到一边(set aside)”。17a.though bwhen cuntil dsince答案c要“一直等到(until)”对方说完再下结论。18a.check bfocus corganize dmonitor答案b根据下文的main points可知，此处指要“集中(focus)”精力去听。19a.eagerly bsecretly cslowly dproperly答案d只有记笔记的方法“得当(properly)”，它才能在听力中发挥积极的作用。20a.questions bplans cideas dchanges答案c记笔记当然是为了记录说话者的“观点(ideas)”。cloze 2(2016太原高三模拟)we all love watching fireworks，from the attractive shows on the fourth of july (a national holiday in the us that celebrates the beginning of the united states as a nation) to the roman candle burning in the backyard.but lets _1_ and think about the price we pay for just a few minutes of _2_first，the amount of money we spend on fireworks is _3_the excitement is gone _4_lets face it，what we really are doing is burning _5_yet，year after year，thousands of cities and towns spend our tax dollars on fireworks displays.those tax dollars would be put to much better _6_ feeding our hungry and housing our homeless.second，there is the matter of _7_fireworks contain chemicals that are harmful to people and animals.over the years，these chemicals will _8_ the air we breathe and the water we drink.third，lets _9_ the trash left behind after a fireworks display.what a _10_！one would probably _11_ that those who set off the fireworks would have the politeness to _12_ the trash afterwards._13_，they dont.the mess they leave behind _14_ the kind of attitude many americans have toward our _15_fourth，fireworks are _16_some fireworks can damage your hearing，especially the fireworks used in public displays that give off a big bang.losing your _17_ is too high a price to pay._18_ all the safety warnings，we still see injuries and deaths as a result of fireworks.approximately 10，000 americans are injured every year by fireworks.in my view，all consumer fireworks should be _19_public fireworks displays should be kept to a minimum and should be paid for through volunteer funding，not tax dollars.finally，those people in _20_ of fireworks displays should be responsible for cleaning up the mess they make.【语篇解读】本文是议论文。作者就“是否应该燃放烟花”发表了自己的观点。1a.stop bdecide ccontinue dfollow答案a2a.doubt bhesitationcsurprise dexcitement答案d上文谈到了大家都喜欢绚丽的烟花。根据转折连词but以及the price we pay可知，作者此处表明了自己的观点他建议大家“停下来(stop)”，想一想我们为那短暂的“兴奋(excitement)”所付出的代价。下文的the excitement is gone也是对第2空的提示。3a.limited bworthwhilecabsurd dnecessary答案c根据第二段的论述可知，作者认为我们在烟花上的花费很“荒谬，不合理(absurd)”。4a.in time bin a flashcfor free dfor a while答案b此处表示烟花“转瞬即逝(gone in a flash)”。in a flash立即，很快。5a.paper boil ctime dmoney答案d作者认为在烟花上的花费是在“烧钱，挥霍(burning money)”。6a.use bplace cshape dplay答案a作者认为钱可以有更好的用途，比如解决吃饭和住房问题。put sth to (good) use运用。7a.interest bexpense cpollution dsafety答案c根据下文的chemicals，harmful，air，water等可知，本段谈论的是燃放烟花带来的“污染(pollution)”问题。8a.absorb bpoison creduce dclean答案b烟花含有有害物质，会“污染(poison)”空气和水。9a.forget bconsider cresearch dexplain答案b作者谈的第三个问题是燃放烟花制造的垃圾。consider(考虑，想想)符合语境。10a.mess bshame cpity dlesson答案a燃放烟花之后，往往是一片狼藉。what a mess杂乱。下文的the mess也是提示信息。11a.warn border cforbid dexpect答案d12a.save bleavecpick up dfigure out答案c13a.therefore bhowevercotherwise danyhow答案b人们“认为(expect)”那些燃放烟花的人会在结束之后“收拾(pick up)”垃圾，“然而(however)”，事实并非如此。14a.changes badopts creflects dshares答案c15a.environment bpartnerscsociety dbehavior答案a人们放完烟花便扬长而去，压根儿不去理会他们制造的垃圾，这“反映(reflects)”出一些人对待“环境(environment)”的态度。16a.beautiful bdangerouscbright dcomplex答案b根据下文的some fireworks can damage your hearing可知，本段谈论的是燃放烟花的“危险性(dangerous)”。17a.memory brelatives chearing dsight答案c根据上文的damage your hearing可知答案。18a.without bbesides cbeyond ddespite答案d“有安全警示”和“燃放烟花导致伤亡”之间为让步关系，故选“despite(尽管)”。19a.banned bdiscussedcencouraged dproduced答案a综合上文作者的观点，我们可以得知作者反对私人燃放烟花，故此处选“banned(禁止)”。20a.need bcharge chonour dcase答案b“负责(in charge of)”燃放烟花的人员应该把垃圾打扫干净。cloze 3(2016沈阳高三模拟)two interesting aspects of the british tendency are the charity (慈善) shop and the carboot (汽车后备箱) sale.both of these _1_ selling goods for different purposes.charity shops were _2_ in the early twentieth century by groups like oxfam and the salvation army which wanted to raise money to _3_ charity work.people would donate bags of old clothes and other items like books，records，and furniture which could be _4_ to the public at low prices.over the last ten years there has been a _5_ in the charity shops in the uk.some _6_ in welltodo areas are as expensive as upmarket retailers.go into any charity shop on a saturday morning and you will find people of all ages and _7_ looking for a bargain; it might be a(n) _8_ cd，a book for a university course，or a brandname shirt.carboot sales are _9_ popular，but they do not have the aim of raising money for charity.this is a way for people to have a _10_ clearout and get rid of old possessions that they dont want any more and to make _11_ at the same time.carboot sales _12_ at weekends in britain.here you will _13_ individuals (个人)，groups of friends and families with a table set up at the back of their car，selling all kinds of things out of the _14_ of their car._15_ there are asking prices for the items on sale，there is plenty of _16_ for negotiation.as with everything in britain，class _17_ is shown in peoples behaviour around charity shops and carboot sales.some people who have got a good _18_ will be very proud and will _19_ tell their friends.other people who are _20_ to buy clothes in charity shops，though，might be deeply embarrassed and ashamed.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍英国的慈善商店和汽车后备箱销售。1a.lead to bresult fromcaim at ddepend on答案c由下文的描述可知，二者的“目的(aim at)”是销售物品。2a.expanded bdisplayedcnoticed dfounded答案d3a.ask for bpay forccarry out dlook into答案c慈善商店“建立(founded)”于20世纪初，目的是为了“开展(carry out)”慈善工作。4a.donated bmailed csent dsold答案d由at low prices可知，此处是说“出售(sold)”。5a.revolution bservice croutine dpractice答案a由some.in welltodo areas are as expensive as upmarket retailers可知，慈善商店也有了“变革(revolution)”。6a.british tendencies bcharity shopscpublic items dsecondhand trades答案b由下文的go into any charity shop可以得到提示信息。7a.camps b