状语从句教案.doc

状语从句典型例题解析例1、Generally speaking, _ according to directions, the drug has no side-effect.A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken例3、The famous scientist grew up _ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.A. when B. whenever C. where D. wherever例4、_, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much例9、You should make it a rule to leave things _you can find them again.A. when B. where C. then D. there例10、Well have to finish the job, _.A. long it takes however B. it takes however longC. long however it takes D. however long it takesPresentation常用连接词名称常用连词1.时间状语从句when, while, as, before, till, until, once, by the time, since, ever since, whenever, as soon as, hardlywhen, no soonerthan, the first time, the moment, each time, every time, directly, immediately, instantly，as long as(长达)2.原因状语从句because, as, since, now that, for the reason that, in that, not thatbut that, seeing that, considering that,3.地点状语从句where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere,4.条件状语从句if, unless, as long as, providing/provided, suppose/supposing(that), on condition that, given that, what if, in case 5.让步状语从句although, though, as, even though/ if, whetheror, 疑问词+ever 或no matter +wh-疑问词，granted (that) (即使),6.目的状语从句in order that, so that, for the purpose that, for fear that, in case (以防)，lest (以免)7.结果状语从句so that, sothat, such that, suchthat8.方式状语从句as, just as, (in) the way (that), as if, as though, 9.比较状语从句asas, not soas, than, the more the more, asso, 注意：1.需要倒装的情况：1) hardly, scarcely 或no sooner等置于句首例如：我一到家就开始下雨了。Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.2) Not until 在句首，主句用倒装。例如：直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热能是什么。直到我开始工作，我才认识到了我已蹉跎了几多岁月。Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 2.When,as,while用法区分：1)当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when 引导这个从句，不可用as 或 while。例如：When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.2)如从句表示随时间推移，连词能用as，不用when 或while。例如：As the day went on, the weather got worse. 练习1. last week, she lived a quiet and happy life in that area. A. Not until the earth-moving machines cameB. The earth-moving machines came C. Until the earth-moving machines cameD. Then came the earth-moving machines2. when has the country been open to international trade?1978, I suppose.A.SinceB.InC.FromD.After3. The project wont carry on we can get financial aid from the government. A.unlessB.thoughC.whetherD.until4. The number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to its lowest level _ records began in 1971.A. whenB. beforeC. sinceD. after5. Nancy enjoyed herself so much she visited her friends in Sydney last year. A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where6. You see the lightning it happens, but you hear the thunder later. A. the instantB. for an instantC. on the instantD. in the instant7. they visited the Science Museum, they showed great interest in everything they saw. A. The first timeB. For the first timeC. At firstD. At the first time8. How long do you think it will be we can find a new water source? A. after B. before C. when D. since9. We were beginning to discuss suddenly a great earthquake happened. A. when B. while C. until D. before10. No sooner had rescue forces reached the earthquake-stricken area they got down to saving those buried beneath the debris. A. when B. then C. than D. until11. I found her nice and honest I saw her. A. for the first time B. the first time C. on the first time D. at first注意：For和because用法区分For引导的从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只是提供一些补充说明，且不可位于主句前。当for从句表示原因时，有时可与because互换，所不同的是because分句的位置可前可后，而for分句只能后置，这时，for前往往须用逗号或分号与主句分开，引起的从句对主句加以解释。有时，for引起的从句并不表示原因，而是表示一种推断或解释，而because则不能。Someone in the house must be ill, for a doctor has just come out. 练习：1. Liquids are like solids they have a definite volume. A. in thatB. for thatC. with thatD. at that2. nobody was very interested in it, they decided to cancel the trip. A. Even thoughB. As soon asC. WhileD. Seeing that3. our country has so many good table-tennis players，we have to decide on the best ones to take part in the game. A. AlthoughB. SinceC. IfD. While4. Not that John doesnt want to help you, its beyond his power. A. but thatB. for thatC. and thatD. in that5. Animals suffered at the hands of man their habitats were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural land to provide food for more people. A. in which B. for which C. so that D. in that6. Tom has no interest in piano, there is no point pushing him to learn it. A. Now that B. In case C. Even if D. As if7. A man cannot smile like a child, a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone. A. so B. but C. and D. for 注意：区分where引导的状语从句和定语从句Where there is a will, there is a way.We shall go where working conditions are difficult. We shall go to the place where working conditions are difficult. 练习1. Youd better not leave the medicine kids can get at it. A. even ifB. whichC. whereD. so that2. If you are travelingthe customs are really foreign to your own，please do as the Romans do.A. in whichB. whatC. whenD. where3. In peace，too，the Red Cross is expected to send helpthere is human suffering.A. whoeverB. howeverC. whateverD. wherever1. The visitor asked to have his picture taken _stood the famous tower. A. that B. what C. when D. where2. There were dirty marks on her trousers _she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. that3. I have kept that picture _I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my happy days in my summer holidays. A. which B. where C. whether D. when4. To support his family, the young man went _he could find work. A. every place B. to the city which C. the place where D. wherever8.The great scientist was brought up _he was born and in his 30s he came to Nanjing. A. when B. in which C. where D. wherever练习1. they are inexperienced, they have done a good job. A. Given thatB. On condition thatC. provided thatD. As long as2. The men will have to wait all day the doctor works faster. A. ifB. unlessC. whetherD. that3. Americas car industry will continue to break down some progress is made to close the gap. A. sinceB. becauseC. unlessD. though 4. Shh! Id be grateful comments during the concerts. A. unless you madeB. if you didnt makeC. provided you madeD. so long as you made5. I dont think Maria will be disappointed at the news，but I will see hershe is. A. as ifB. so thatC. in caseD. even though6. The public library will have to close _the local government _to give extra money. A. until; will agree B. when; will agree C. unless; agrees D. if; agrees7. My parents dont mind where I live_I am happy. A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though8._he has made up his mind to do something, nothing will stop him. A. Once B. Before C. Although D. As soon 练习1. you have a healthy diet, you can reduce its benefits by inappropriate eating habits. A. Just asB. In case C. SinceD. Even if2. hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. A. WhateverB. WheneverC. WhereverD. However3. this is only a small town, its crowded with tourists who come here all year round. A. SinceB. UnlessC. OnceD. Although4. ,he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. A. A quiet student as he may beB. Quiet student as he may beC. Be a quiet student as he mayD. Quiet as he may be a student5. I really dont like art, I find his work impressive. A. AsBSinceCIfDWhile6. All people, they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster. A. even ifB. whetherC. no matterD. however7. Respect for the law is the foundation of civilized living. breaks it will be punished.A. WhoB. WhoeverC. No matter who D. People who8.How do you think I should receive the reporter? _ you feel about him, try to be polite.A. How B. What C. Whatever D. However9._there are many benefits, opponents point out problems with the new requirement. A. Since B. While C. As D. If10. In a typical business situation, women, _, find themselves bumping their heads on “glass ceiling”, a barrier to their career which is not obvious to the observer, impossible to break though. A. as they might try B. try as they might C. hardly as they try D. as they try very hard注意1). “for+动名词”不用于表目的，但“for+名词”可用于表目的。2). 下列介词短语加动名词可用于表目的：For the sake of 因为的缘故 For the purpose of 为了的目的With the purpose of 怀着的目的 With a view to 为的是/着眼于With the aim of其目的是 With the intention of 怀着意图练习1. Youd better take the documents along they want to see them. A. ifB. so thatC. in caseD. as long as2. My parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in the housethere is a power cut.A. ifB. unlessC. in caseD. so that3. Id like to arrive 20 minutes early I can have time for a cup of tea. A. as soon asB. as a resultC. in caseD. so that4. He is working hard for fear that he . A. failsB. failedC. would failD. fail1. so that 所以，So that 如此以至于 Such that (是)这样(以致)，suchthat 如此以至于His progress was such that it surprised his teacher. It is such a heavy stone that nobody can move it. It is so heavy a stone that nobody can move it.注意：在sothat结构中，so后面常接形容词或副词，但在so many, so much, so little 后可接名词。练习1. rapid progress has he made that we all admire him. A. VeryB. SoC. SuchD. Too2. Suddenly it began to rain heavily, it was almost impossible to carry on driving. A. now thatB. so thatC. even ifD. just as3. The experience of imported car is likely to be not enough people will be able to afford it. A. such thatB. so thatC. in thatD. such as4. The Internet is such an important part of society _it has even influenced our culture. A. as B. that C. which D. where5. We were in _when we left that we forgot the airline ticket. A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush6.His plan was so good a one _we all agreed to accept it. A. as B. and C. that D. which1. as 就像，依照，正如 just as 正如， (In) the way (that) 以的方式Shes doing her work the way I like it done.Just as some people as born artists, some are born sportsmen. 2. as if， as though 一般用虚拟，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能是事实，也可用陈述语气。He acts as though she did not exist. The milk smells as if it is sour. 注：as if和as though 从句可用省略形式，后面接不定式、分词、形容词或介词短语。Some flowers shut up at night as if (they do this in order) to sleep. The girl looked as (she was) in search of something. 练习1. What surprised me was not what he said but he said it. A. in the way thatB. the wayC. in the wayD. the way which2. The tree looked as if it _for a long time. A. hasnt watered B. didnt water C. hadnt been watered D. wasnt watered3. Nowadays, food has become easier to prepare. Has this change improve _ people live? A. the way B. as C. like D. as though4.Balloons float in the air _ _ boats do on the sea. A. even if B. in that C. so that D. just as1. than 比， asas 像一样的，not soas 不像一样地Thethe越越 Nothing is so precious as health.The work is not so easy as you think. 2. as+句子，so+句子 与同时；就像一样 此句型的谓语动词通常是行为动词：As the wind blew harder, so the sea grew rougher. As bees love sweetness, so flies love rottenness. 以下结构用于谓语动词是be的情况：A is to B as C is to D. = A is to B what C is to D. As C is to D, so A is to B. Water is to fishes as air is to men. =Water is to fishes what air is to men.=As air is to men, so water is to fishes. 练习1. Reading is to the mind food is to the body. A. whileB. WhatC. thatD. as if 2. Scientists generally agree that earths climate will warm up over the next 50 to 100 years _ _ it has warmed in the 20,000 years since Ice Age. A. as long as B. as much as C. as soon as D. as well as3. Did the medicine make you feel better? No. The more _ _, _ I feel.A. medicine I take; the worse B. I take the medicine; the worseC. medicine I take; and the worse D. I take medicine; worse4.Intellect is to the mind _ _ sight is to the body. A. what B. as C. that D. like状语从句的省略状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。例如：When ( the museum is ) completed , the museum will be open to the public next year . Hell go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible.另外，比较状语从句经常省略。例如：Im taller than he (is tall ). The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ). 就状语从句而言,有时为了使语言言简意赅,常常将状语从句进行简化。状语从句的简化现象在口语中较为普遍,而且在高考中的复现率也较高。因此,有必要对其进行全面、透彻的了解。状语从句的简化现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中:由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句;由although, though, even if / though等引导的让步状语从句;由when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引导的时间状语从句;由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句;由as, than等引导的比较状语从句。下面针对这五种情形作一归纳。(1)当状语从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be时,it和be要完全简化掉。例如:If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.如果可能的话,他会帮你摆脱困境。You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you.除非情况对你来说不方便,否则你必须出席这次会议。(2)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,从句可以将主语和be动词简化掉。常用于以下几种情形:a.连词+形容词As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shopping.她有空就去逛商店。Work hard when (you are) young, or youll regret.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。b.连词+名词While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others.他在孩提时代就乐于助人。Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a famous director.尽管他曾是个农民,而现在是位著名的导演了。c.连词+现在分词As (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。Although (he is) doing his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks.尽管近来他一直在学数学,但他仍然没有取得好成绩。d.连词+过去分词He wont go there with us unless (he is) invited.除非受到邀请,否则他不会和我们一道去那里。The concert was a great success than (it was) expected.这场音乐会出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。e.连词+不定式He stood up as if (he were) to say something.当时他站起来好像要说什么。He wouldnt solve the problem even if (he were) to take charge.即使他来负责,他也解决不了这个问题。f. 连词+介词短语She looked anxious as though (she was) in trouble.她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻烦。He had mastered the English language before (he was) in the USA.他到美国之前就懂英语了。注意:当从句主语和主句主语不一致时,从句部分要么用完全形式,要么用独立主格结构来表达。例如:When the meeting was over, all the people went out of the meeting-room.当会议结束时,人们都走出了会议室。(=The meeting over, 练习1. Their tent, light as a feather, remained firm in the storm last night. A. as ifB. evenC. thoughD. if2. The place, , has been transformed into a modern capital city. A. as a small townB. once a small townC. being a small townD. though being a small town 课堂精炼 11年一模1. _ I really dont like maths, I find his lectures interesting. (11宝山一模) A. As B. Since C. Once D. While2. Dad told me, “Nothing is impossible _ you want it badly enough and go after it hard enough.” (11宝山一模) A. unless B. if C. becauseD. until 3.He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. (11崇明一模)A. untilB. whenC. beforeD. as4.If you are travelling _ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. (11崇明一模)A. in whichB. what C. whenD. where5. I was much impressed by great changes and fast pace of life in Shanghai _ I came to visit this fantastic city(11奉贤一模).A. at the first time B. for the first time C. by the first time D. the first time6. If you are traveling _ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. (11奉贤一模)A. in which B. what C. when D. where7._we may face, were supposed to work with joint efforts to fight against it. (11虹口一模)A. However a severe disasterB. What a severe disasterC. However severe a disasterD. What severe a disaster8.In yesterdays speech, it wasnt made clear_the earthquake cant be predicted accurately. (11虹口一模)A. whatB. whyC. thatD. how9.Traveling without ordering rooms in advance can eat up precious vacation time luck is smiling on you. (11虹口一模)A. unlessB. asC. ifD. when10.There is still a long way to go _ the above questions could be answered. (11黄浦一模)A. onceB. whenC. afterD. before11._ there are two different results, scientists now generally agree that some kinds of dinosaurs lived in big groups. (11黄浦一模)A. ThoughB. IfC. As long asD. Unless12. _ Tom