仪表等级飞行员理论培训stage5-219IFRFLIGHTPLAN.ppt

IFRFlightConsiderations IFRFlightPlanning FlightOverview AIM 5 1 1to5 1 13Beforeplanningtheflightdetails takeabroadlookatyourobjective Compare DistancewithfuelWeatherwithrouteTerrainwithaircraftperformanceGoalandyourproficiencyIsthistripreallynecessary 91 103Preflightaction Eachpilotincommandshall beforebeginningaflight becomefamiliarwithallavailableinformationconcerningthatflight Thisinformationmustinclude a ForaflightunderIFRoraflightnotinthevicinityofanairport weatherreportsandforecasts fuelrequirements alternativesavailableiftheplannedflightcannotbecompleted andanyknowntrafficdelaysofwhichthepilotincommandhasbeenadvisedbyATC b Foranyflight runwaylengthsatairportsofintendeduse andthefollowingtakeoffandlandingdistanceinformation NWKRAFT 14CFR91 103 PreflightAction NWKRAFT a ForaflightunderIFR pilotshouldknow N Notams allavailableinfoconcerningflight W weatherreportsandforecastsK knowntrafficdelaysR runwaylengthsA alternativesavailableF fuelrequirementsT TakeOff LandingDistanceinfo Section b 91 167FuelrequirementsforflightinIFRconditions a NopersonmayoperateacivilaircraftinIFRconditionsunlessitcarriesenoughfuel consideringweatherreportsandforecastsandweatherconditions to 1 Completetheflighttothefirstairportofintendedlanding 2 Exceptasprovidedinparagraph b ofthissection flyfromthatairporttothealternateairport and 3 Flyafterthatfor45minutesatnormalcruisingspeed b Paragraph a 2 ofthissectiondoesnotapplyif 1 Part97ofthischapterprescribesastandardinstrumentapproachprocedureto oraspecialinstrumentapproachprocedurehasbeenissuedbytheadministratortotheoperatorfor thefirstairportofintendedlanding and 2 Appropriateweatherreportsorweatherforecasts oracombinationofthem indicatethefollowing i Foratleast1hourbeforeandfor1houraftertheestimatedtimeofarrival theceilingwillbeatleast2 000feetabovetheairportelevationandthevisibilitywillbeatleast3statutemiles 14CFR91 167 FuelRequirementsforFlightinIFRConditions tofirstairportofintendedlandingtoalternateairport ifrequired 45minutesatnormalcruisingspeedAlternateisNOTneededwhen firstairporthasIAPAND1 2 3ruleforecastwx 1hourETAAtleast2 000 ceilingAtleast3SMvisibility 91 169IFRflightplan Informationrequired a Informationrequired UnlessotherwiseauthorizedbyATC eachpersonfilinganIFRflightplanmustincludeinitthefollowinginformation 1 Informationrequiredunder 91 153 a ofthispart 2 Exceptasprovidedinparagraph b ofthissection analternateairport b Paragraph a 2 ofthissectiondoesnotapplyif 1 Part97ofthischapterprescribesastandardinstrumentapproachprocedureto oraspecialinstrumentapproachprocedurehasbeenissuedbytheAdministratortotheoperatorfor thefirstairportofintendedlanding and 2 Appropriateweatherreportsorweatherforecasts oracombinationofthem indicatethefollowing i Foraircraftotherthanhelicopters Foratleast1hourbeforeandfor1houraftertheestimatedtimeofarrival theceilingwillbeatleast2 000feetabovetheairportelevationandthevisibilitywillbeatleast3statutemiles 14CFR91 169 IFRFlightPlan InformationRequiredSection c IFRalternateairportstandardminimums600 ceiling 2smforprecision800 ceiling 2smfornonprecisionatETAatalternateforecastWXmustallowdescentfromMEAtoairportunderbasicVFR checkVFRminimumsforallairspaceyouwilltransit WITHIAP NOIAP c IFRalternateairportweatherminima UnlessotherwiseauthorizedbytheAdministrator nopersonmayincludeanalternateairportinanIFRflightplanunlessappropriateweatherreportsorweatherforecasts oracombinationofthem indicatethat attheestimatedtimeofarrivalatthealternateairport theceilingandvisibilityatthatairportwillbeatorabovethefollowingweatherminima 1 Ifaninstrumentapproachprocedurehasbeenpublishedinpart97ofthischapter oraspecialinstrumentapproachprocedurehasbeenissuedbytheAdministratortotheoperator forthatairport thefollowingminima i Foraircraftotherthanhelicopters Thealternateairportminimaspecifiedinthatprocedure orifnonearespecifiedthefollowingstandardapproachminima A Foraprecisionapproachprocedure Ceiling600feetandvisibility2statutemiles B Foranonprecisionapproachprocedure Ceiling800feetandvisibility2statutemiles 2 Ifnoinstrumentapproachprocedurehasbeenpublishedinpart97ofthischapterandnospecialinstrumentapproachprocedurehasbeenissuedbytheAdministratortotheoperator forthealternateairport theceilingandvisibilityminimaarethoseallowingdescentfromtheMEA approach andlandingunderbasicVFR 91 173ATCclearanceandflightplanrequired NopersonmayoperateanaircraftincontrolledairspaceunderIFRunlessthatpersonhas a FiledanIFRflightplan and b ReceivedanappropriateATCclearance Route RouteSelection AircraftPerformanceFuelEconomyAvailabilityofRouteAlternativesTerrainAircraftEquipment IFR certifiedGPS PreferredIFRroutesAirport FacilityDirectoryEnroutesectionofJeppesenAirwayManualIfstartingwithafix thenexpectroutingbywayofODP SID orradarvectors 91 181Coursetobeflown UnlessotherwiseauthorizedbyATC nopersonmayoperateanaircraftwithincontrolledairspaceunderIFRexceptasfollows a Onafederalairway alongthecenterlineofthatairway b Onanyotherroute alongthedirectcoursebetweenthenavigationaidsorfixesdefiningtheroute AlongtheRoute CheckMEAsGenerallyalongairwaysunlessGPSisIFRcertifiedCheckforODPs SIDsandSTARsAlternateairports Farenoughawaytoavoiddestination sadverseweather closeenoughtomakeit Recommendedinstrumentapproach FlightInformationPublications FlightPublicationsPublishedDeparturesandApproachesSuitabilityandfamiliarityAlternatesuitabilityNOTAMsChartNOTAMssectionofJeppsNoticestoAirmenAirplane sFlightManualSupplementIFRequipmentcertificationrequirements NOTAM D InformationisdisseminatedforallnavigationalfacilitiesthatarepartoftheNAS allpublicuseairports seaplanebases andheliportslistedintheA FD Thecompletelistofall D informationismaintainedinacomputerdatabase MaybeobtainedfromFSSforthedurationofthe D unlessitispublished NOTAM L Taxiwayclosures personnelandequipmentnearorcrossingrunways andairportlightingaidsthatdonotaffectinstrumentapproachcriteria suchasVASI Distributedlocallyonlyandisnotattachedtothehourlyweatherreports Aseparatefileof L ismaintainedateachFSSforfacilitiesintheirareaonly FDCNOTAMs AmendmentstopublishedIAPsandothercurrentaeronauticalcharts Theyarealsousedtoadvertisetemporaryflightrestrictionscausedbysuchthingsasnaturaldisastersorlarge scalepubliceventsthatmaygenerateacongestionofairtrafficoverasite FSSwillgivethepilotthoseFDCNOTAMs thatarewithin400milesoftheirfacilityandareunpublished Thoseoutside400milesaregivenifspecificallyrequestedbythepilot NOTAMS AnintegralpartoftheNOTAMsystemistheNoticestoAirmenPublicationpublishedeveryfourweeks Oncepublished theseNOTAMsarenotgiventopilotsinweatherbriefingsunlessspecificallyrequestedbythepilot RemembertoaskforpublishedNOTAMS FlightInformationPublications AIMForreviewofcurrentproceduresandchangesNavigationLogHaveaflowAircraftlogbooksFortransponder pitot static altimeter andVORcheckcurrencyUseLatestIssueofAeronauticalChartsIFREnrouteCharts 56daysIFRApproachCharts 56daycycle WeatherConsiderations BythetimeyouarereadytoreceiveastandardbriefingfromFlightService youshouldalreadyhavesomeideaabouttheweatherhazardsalongyourrouteofflightandconditionsatyourdestination Pre FlightBriefing Pre flightBriefingObjective communicatea picture ofmeteorologicalandaeronauticalinformationnecessaryfortheconductofasafeandefficientflight PreflightBriefingrequestshouldinclude Typeofflightplanned IFRorVFR NameoraircraftnumberAircrafttypeDepartureAirportArrivalAirport WeatherCharts GoodstartisWeatherDepictionBird seyeviewofcategoricaloutlooksSurfaceAnalysisFrontalmovementsRadarandSatelliteimagesAreaForecastsIcingLevel AltitudeSelection Basedon MEAATCassignedlowestavailableIFRaltitudeHighestaltitudewithoutoxygenWinds turbulence andice 91 177MinimumaltitudesforIFRoperations a Operationofaircraftatminimumaltitudes Exceptwhennecessaryfortakeofforlanding nopersonmayoperateanaircraftunderIFRbelow 1 Theapplicableminimumaltitudesprescribedinparts95and97ofthischapter or 2 Ifnoapplicableminimumaltitudeisprescribedinthoseparts i Inthecaseofoperationsoveranareadesignatedasamountainousareainpart95 analtitudeof2 000feetabovethehighestobstaclewithinahorizontaldistanceof4nauticalmilesfromthecoursetobeflown or ii Inanyothercase analtitudeof1 000feetabovethehighestobstaclewithinahorizontaldistanceof4nauticalmilesfromthecoursetobeflown 14CFR91 177 MinimumAltitudesforIFROperationsApplicableminimumsMountainous 2000 AGL 4nm Other 1000 AGL 4nm MEA MOCA 22nmClimbtohigherminimumimmediately orMCAdesignated we llcoverthisinmoredetailinEnrouteoperations 91 179IFRcruisingaltitudeorflightlevel a Incontrolledairspace EachpersonoperatinganaircraftunderIFRinlevelcruisingflightincontrolledairspaceshallmaintainthealtitudeorflightlevelassignedthataircraftbyATC However iftheATCclearanceassigns VFRconditionsontop thatpersonshallmaintainanaltitudeorflightlevelasprescribedby 91 159 b Inuncontrolledairspace Exceptwhileinaholdingpatternof2minutesorlessorwhileturning eachpersonoperatinganaircraftunderIFRinlevelcruisingflightinuncontrolledairspaceshallmaintainanappropriatealtitudeasfollows 1 Whenoperatingbelow18 000feetMSL i onamagneticcourseofzerodegreesthrough179degrees anyoddthousandfootMSLaltitude ii onamagneticcourseof180degreesthrough359degrees anyeventhousandfootMSLaltitude CompletingtheNavLog HelpstoorganizeyourflightConcisetextualdescriptionMonitoryourprogressforsubsequentchangeETE ATE ETA ATASeeexamplesinchapter10CofyourJeppesenTestGuideComparewhatisontheFAAflightplanformtotheFlightLogexamplesgiven Getsomeone on oneinstructionfromyourflightinstructorwhenyoustartyourIFRcross countryflying FlightPlanExample Note thereshouldnotbe K infrontofVORidentifiersinroutesection That samisprint FlightPlanning FilingtheFlightPlan Pilotsshouldfileflightplanatleast30minutespriortoestimatedtimeofdeparturetoprecludepossibledelayinreceivingATCclearance Block3 Aircraftequipmentsuffixcode CheckAIMparagraph5 1 7 Table5 1 2forappropriatecode NoteEquipmentHeadingsonlegend FilingAltitude Fileyourinitialcruisingaltitude Withmultiplecruisingaltitudes listAltitudeforfirstlegonly Filingyourroute Itisimportantthattherouteofflightbeaccuratelyandcompletelydescribedintheflightplan Ifflightistobeconductedviadesignatedairways describetheroutebyindicatingthetypeandnumberdesignatorsoftheairwayrequested Ifmorethanoneairwayistobeused clearlyindicatepointsoftransition Ifthetransitionistobemadeatanunnamedintersection showthenextsucceedingNAVAIDornamedintersectionontheintendedrouteandthecompleteroutefromthatpoint Transferfromflightlogtoflightplan FilingtheFlightPlan RouteofFlightUseAirwaysorJetroutes usingtypeandnumberdesignators V433 forVictorAirway433 J14 forJetRoute14Clearlyindicaterouterequestedwith Airways RoutedesignatorsandNavigationalAids VOR VORTAC NDB etc ListNavAidsonlyatroutechangepoints FAADataBaseWaypoints GPS etc FlightPlanning FilingyourrouteExample DraketoWinslowviaFERERwouldbefiled DRKV562FERERV567INWEstimatedtimeenrouteTheestimatedflyingtimefromdeparturepointtodestination lift offtotouchdown FuelOnBoardTotalfuelonboardinhours minutes FlightPlan IFRFlights RouteofFlight continued Filea PreferredRoute wheneverappropriate SeeA FD DPs SIDsandSTARsMaybeissuedbyATCaspartofyourclearanceunless Youwrite NODP NOSID or NOSTAR inRemarkssection asappropriate FilingDP sandSTAR s HowtofileaDPorSTARDeparturename ROCKIONEDEPARTUREDeparturecode ROCKI1 ROCKI Forfilingatransition Transitionname MILISTransitioncode ROCKI1 MILIS Arrivalname MOORPARKFOURARRIVALArrivalcode FIM MOOR4 Forfilingatransition Transitionname FRESNOTransitioncode FAT MOOR4 FlightPlan IFRFlights DirectFlightsMustbeinradarenvironment Thepilotisresponsibleforobstructionclearancerequirements CheckOROCAs Definedbyradiofixes Allfixes waypointsbecome compulsoryreportingpoints MusthaveminimumofonewaypointineachARTCC Shouldbeguidedby StandardServiceVolume AIM par 1 1 8BelowFL180 Navaidsshouldnotbeover80NMapart L 14 500 MSLtoFL180 Navaidsnotover200NMapart H FL180to450 Navaidsnotover260NMapart H StandardServiceVolumes Aircraftperformance ClimbperformanceUsethemaximumrate of climbchartinPOHtodetermineiftheC172performancewillbeadequateforanygivenDP FlightPlan Changes ChangeinFlightPlanChangeofaltitudeorflightlevelChangeofdestinationChangeofrouteAVERAGETASATCRUISE AdviseATCifchanges5 OR10kts whicheverisgreater ChangeInETD proposeddeparturetime 1hourafterETD yourFPmaydropoutofsystem Thus ifdelayedover1hour AdviseFSS ARTCC AirborneFiling PriortoenteringcontrolledairspacewhenweatherisbelowVFR Submit file acompleteIFRflightplanusuallytoFSSReceiveanATCclearancefromARTCCAirFilingtoenterB C D andEairspace Pop up IFRTrafficpermitting otherwise Mayrequirea30mindelay CompositeFlightPlans VFRforoneportion IFRforanotherportionofflightIfVFRisfirst ReportdeparturetimetoFSSRequestATCc