一般过去时的用法.doc

一般过去时的用法一、动词过去式的构成 1.）looklooked playplayed startstarted visitvisitedlivelived studystudied, trytried stopstoppedplanplanned, 2.）beginbegan drinkdrank comecame eatate growgrew runran knowknew winwon speakspoketaketook writewrote getgotcutcut putput bewas/were二、例句：1.He played football yesterday.2.The girl was at home last night.3.It began to rain at eight oclock last night.4.The boy put his bag on the bed yesterday,but he doesnt find it now.三功能1表示在的过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982等。如：1）I was at the zoo yesterday. 昨天我在动物园。2）I went to bed at eleven last night. 昨晚我11：00睡觉。2表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。1）When I was a child, I often played football in the street.我在小的时候，我经常在街道上踢足球。2）My father often drove to work last year. 去年，我爸爸经常开车上班。四、句式转换（1）一般过去时的肯定陈述句：主语动词过去式1.He played football yesterday.2. She wrote an E-mail to Lily yesterday.3.It began to rain at eight oclock last night.4.The boy put his bag on the bed yesterday ,but he doesnt find it now.5.He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.（2）一般过去时的否定句：a主语 didnt 动词原形(did + not = didnt)1.He didnt play football yesterday.2. She didnt write an E-mail to Lily yesterday.3.It didnt begin to rain at eight oclock last night.4.The boy didnt put his bag on the bed yesterday.5.He didnt work in Shanghai ten years ago.b主语 wasnt/werent 表语。(was + not = wasnt were + not = werent)He was an English teacher ten years ago.He wasnt an English teacher ten years ago.The girl was at home last night.The girl wasnt at home last night.They were at the park the day before yesterday.They werent at the park the day before yesterday.（3）一般过去时的一般疑问句：aDid 主语 动词原形 ？1.Did he play football yesterday?Yes , he did. No, he didnt.2. Did she write an E-mail to Lily yesterday?Yes , she did. No, she didnt.3.Did it begin to rain at eight oclock last night?Yes , it did. No, it didnt.4.Did the boy put his bag on the bed yesterday?Yes , he did. No, he didnt.5.Did he work in Shanghai ten years ago?Yes , he did. No, he didnt.Did you study English in 1990 ?Yes, we did. No , we didnt.bWas/Were + 主语 表语 ？Was he an English teacher ten years ago?Yes , he was. No , he wasnt.Was the girl at home last night?Were they at the park the day before yesterday?Yes ,they were . No , they werent .Was he a pupil five years ago ?Yes , he was. No , he wasnt.（4）一般过去时的特殊疑问句：a特殊疑问词 did + 主语 动词原形？1. What did she do yesterday?2.What time did it began to rain last night?3.Where did your parents live five years ago？4.What did you do last Sunday？b特殊疑问词 were/was 主语 ？When w as he an English teacher ?Where was the girl last night?五、时间特征在一般过去时句子中，通常与下列表示过去的时间状语连用：yesterday, yesterdaymorning, yesterday afternoon, yesterday evening, the day before yesterday（前天）, last night, last week, last month, last year, a moment ago（刚才）, just now（刚才）, two days ago, a week ago, in 1990,六、动词过去式的构成规律(一)规则动词的过去式1.一般情况下，在动词原形后面加-ed。 looklookedplayplayedstartstartedvisitvisited2.以不发音e结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-d。liveliveduseused3.以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词，先将 y 改为i ,再加 ed。studystudied, trytriedflyflied4.以重读闭音节（即辅音元音辅音）或r音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要先双写这个辅音字母后，再加 ed。stopstoppedplanplanned, preferpreferred(二)不规则动词的过去式1.改变动词中的元音beginbegan drinkdrank comecame eatate growgrew runran knowknew winwon speakspoketaketook writewrote getgot2.变词尾的d 为t buildbuilt lendlent sendsent spendspent bendbent3.与动词原形一样cutcut putputcostcost hurthurtshutshut4.变-ay 为-aid (少数动词)saysaid paypaid laylaid 5.采用不同词根:sellsold teachtaught buybought6.其他am/iswasarewerehave/hashaddodid七、加“-ed”后的读音方法1.ed加在清辅音后面读/t/。finished /-t/help /-t/asked /-t/2.ed加在浊辅音或元音结尾的，读/d/。played /-d/lived /-d/enjoyed /-d/3.ed加在/t/或/d/后面，读/id/。wanted /-tid/needed /-did/visited /-tid/附加释义八、句式变化(一)、一般过去式的一般疑问句1.把was, were放在句首，其余位置不变。由Was？引导的一般疑问句，肯定答为：Yes,I/he/she/it was.否定回答为：No,I/he/she/it wasnt. 如果是第一人称，要把was改为were。由Were？引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答为：Yes, we/they were.否定回答为：No, we/they werent.如：（1）I was born in Shanghai.Were you born in Shanghai?Yes, I was. (肯定回答)No, I wasnt. (否定回答)（2）They were in Li Yans home last night.Were they in Li Yans home last night?Yes, they were. (肯定回答)No, they werent. (否定回答)(3)It was cloudy yesterday afternoon.Was it cloudy yesterday afternoon?Yes, it was. (肯定回答)No, it wasnt. (否定回答)2.在行为动词的句子中，要用助动词词did来引导，其余的语序不变。要注意的是，要把行为动词的过去式改为原形。肯定回答为：Yes, did. 否定回答：No, didnt.如：（1）John played computer games last night.Did John play computer games last night?Yes, he did. (肯定回答)No, he didnt. (否定回答)(2)They took a trip to Hang Zhou last summer?Yes, they did. (肯定回答)No, they didnt. (否定回答)（二）、一般过去式的否定句1.在表示过去存在的状态的句子中，相接在was, were的后面加上not。如：（1）He was in the park the day before yesterday.He was not in the park the day before yesterday.(2)We were busy last week.We were not busy last week.2.在表示过去的时间发生的动作的句子中，要在行为动词的前面加助动词didnt.然后把过去式的行为动词改为动词原形。即：didnt + 动词原形。如：（1）She played the violin last night.She didnt play the violin last night.(2)They swam in the lake yesterday.They didnt swim in the lake yesterday.(三)、一般过去式的特殊疑问句1.What did ?（主要是询问过去发生了什么事情，注意要把过去式改为动词原形。）We ate Chinese food last night.What did we e