高考英语 语法专题复习10 虚拟语气精品课件.ppt

10 虚拟语气 一 非真实条件句中的虚拟语气二 宾语从句中的虚拟语气三 主语从句中的虚拟语气四 表语从句 同位语从句中的虚拟语气五 状语从句中的虚拟语气六 几种特殊的虚拟语气 虚拟语气的主要内容 考题点击 iamnotfreetoday ifi freetoday i andvisitsomeofmyfriends a amwillgob were wouldgoc shallbed be mustgo2 ifmylawyer herelastsaturday he mefromgoing a hadbeen wouldhavepreventedb hadbeen wouldpreventc were wouldpreventd were wouldhaveprevented3 ifiweretoseetom what you metotellhim a are goingtoaskb do askc would askd did ask b a c 时态 从句 主句 表示现在 过去时 be were should 动词原形would 动词原形could 动词原形might 动词原形 1 和现在的事实相反 一 非真实条件句中的虚拟语气 时态 从句 主句 表示过去 had 过去分词 should have 过去分词would have 过去分词could have 过去分词might have 过去分词 2 和过去的事实相反 时态 从句 主句 表示将来 should 动词原形would 动词原形could 动词原形might 动词原形 3 和将来的事实相反 1 wereto 动词原形2 should 动词原形3 动词过去式 考题点击 1 iwenttobedearlylastnight butiwishiso a didn tdob hadn tdonec haven tdoned couldn tdo2 howiwisheveryfamily alargehousewithabeautifulgarden a hasb hadc willhadd hadhad3 theteacherorderedthatstudents a mustn tsmokeb notsmokec smokedd hadsmoked4 theteacherdemandedthatthework before4o clock a finishedb finishc shouldfinishd befinished b b b d 二 宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1 wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气 表示与事实相反的愿望 其表达形式一般是将从句的谓语动词退后一个时态 例如 1 与现在事实相反 wish that did were iwishiwereashealthyasyou iwishthatihadaplane 2 与过去事实相反 wish that haddoneiwishihadbeentotheconcertlastnight iwishyouhadwrittentohim 3 与将来事实相反 wish would could might doiwishhewouldforgiveme 2 在某些动词后的宾语从句中需用should 动词原形的虚拟语气形式 should 可以省略 常见的动词有 一个坚持insist 两个命令order command 三条建议suggest advise propose 四项要求demand request require ask 另外有 prefer注意 suggest表暗示表明时insist表坚持认为时不用虚拟语气 heorderedthatthestudents should washtheclotheseveryweekbythemselves thedoctorsuggestedthatshe should haveanoperationatonce 考题点击 isitnecessarythathe theexamination a takesb hastotakec musttaked take2 itisstrangethathe youthis a wouldtellb shouldtellc hadtoldd hastold3 itwasorderedthatnosmoking inthelibrary a shouldallowb beallowedc willbeallowedd isallowed d b b 三 主语从句中的虚拟语气 基本句型 1 itbe 过去分词 that should 动词原形 过去分词 suggested requested ordered proposed itisrequiredthatnobody should smokehere it ssuggestedthateverybody should buyadictionary 2 itbe 形容词 that should 动词原形 形容词 important necessary natural right wrong better proper funny strange surprising itisnecessarythatwe should haveawalknow it simportantthatwe should takegoodcareofthepatient 3 itbe 名词 apity ashame nowonder that should 动词原形 考题点击 hissuggestionthatyou oncemoresoundsreasonable a tryb triesc musttryd cantry2 hegaveanadvicethatthey eachother a helpedb musthelpc helpd hadhelped3 mysuggestionisthatafewmorepeople theretohelpme a besentb havesentc sentd shouldsent a c a 四 表语从句 同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在suggestion proposal idea plan order advice decision等名词后面的表语从句 同位语从句中要用虚拟语气 即 should 动词原形 mysuggestionisthatwe should leaveatonce 1 表语从句 2 同位语从句 imakeaproposalthatwe should holdameetingnextweek 考题点击 1 wefeltasifwe eachotherforyears a knewb wereknowingc hadknownd haveknowing2 hetookawaytheoxygentankforfearthatit a mayexploreb explodedc exploded hadexplode c c 五 状语从句中的虚拟语气 1 用在由asif asthough引导的状语从句中 表示和现在事实相反或对现在的怀疑 用过去时 表示过去想象中的动作或情况 用过去完成时 表示将来用would 动词原形 itseemsasifthemanwerehisbrother thisdeviceoperatedasthoughithadbeenrepaired 2 用在lest forfearthat和incase引导的状语从句中 这时谓语动词用should 动词原形或动词原形 sheclosedthewindowslestshecatchcold 六 几种特殊的虚拟语气 虚拟倒装句1 wereit ifitwere notfortheirhelp wecouldn thavegotoverthedifficulties 2 hadi ifihad knownaboutit iwouldhavetoldyou 3 shouldanyone ifanyoneshould call pleasetakeamessage whatwouldhavehappened asfarastheriverbank 01上海 bobhadwalkedfartherb ifbobshouldwalkfartherc hadbobwalkedfartherd ifbobwalkedfarther c 考题点击 2 错综条件句ifyou himyesterday you whattodonow asked wouldknowb hadasked wouldhaveknownc askedhim knowd hadasked wouldknow d ifyouhadn tboughttheticketlastweek howwouldyougonow 考题点击 3 介词短语表条件butforyourhelp wecouldn thavesucceeded nothingcouldlivewithoutthesun 考题点击 withoutyourhelp we suchrapidprogress a couldn tmakeb wouldn tmakec willnothavemaded wouldn thavemade d 4 情境中提供虚拟语气supposetherewerenogravity objectswouldnotfalltothegroundwhendropped shewasn tfeelingverywell otherwiseshewouldn thaveleftthemeetingsoearly 考题点击 iwentbyplane otherwisei muchlongertime a couldtakeb wouldtakec willhavetakend wouldhavetaken d 5 比较ifonly与onlyifonlyif表示 只有 iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings ifonly则表示 如果 就好了 其从句中的谓语动词用过去时或过去完成时 ifonlyiknewmore ifonlythealarmclockhadrung ifonly也可用于陈述语气 ifonlyhecomesearly ifonlygrandmother thistogetherwithusnow a willseeb couldseec mustseed shouldsee b 考题点击 6 it s high low time从句 itis high timethat后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形 但should不可省略 itistimethatthechildrenwenttobed itishightimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed 类似的结构为wouldrather从句 iwouldratheryouattendedthemeetingthisafternoon 考题点击 itistimethatyou thewholebook a mustgooverb cangooverc wentoverd havegoneover c 7 其它手段 hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday oriwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit 连词 imighthavegivenyoumorehelp butiwastoobusy 连词 givenmoretime wecouldhavedoneitbetter 分词短语 suchmistakescouldhavebeenavoided 通过上下文 高考链接 1 ididn tseeyoursisteratthemeeting ifshe shewouldhavemetmybrother a hascomeb didcomec camed hadcome met94 2 whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit a breaksb hasbrokenc werebrokend hadbeenbroken met95 3 youdidn tletmedrive ifweinturn yousotired a drove didn tgetb drove wouldn tgetc weredriving wouldn tgetd haddriven wouldn thavegot met95 4 withouttheairtoholdsomeofthesun sheat theearthatnight toocoldforustolive a wouldbefreezingcoldb willbefreezingcoldlyc wouldbefrozencoldd canfreezecoldly 上海97 d c d a 5 itraintomorrow wewouldhavetoputoffthemeeting a wereb shouldc wouldd will 上海94 6 jane spalefacesuggestedthatsheill andherparentssuggestedthatsheamedicalexaminati