英语必修三知识点总汇.doc

Unit 1I. 词汇:beauty-beautiful-beautifyharvest celebration-celebrate starve-starvation origin-original, religion- religious, ancestor Mexico-Mexican, feast, bone, belief-believe, trick poet-poem, arrival-arrive, gain, independence- independent depend-dependentdependence, gather, agriculture - agricultural award-reward, rooster, admire-admiration energetic-energy, Easter, clothing-clothes-cloth, Christian-Christ-Christmas, custom, worldwide, fool foolish, permission-permit parking-park, apologize-apology drown-drowning, sadness-sad obvious-obviously, wipe, weep, remind, forgive-forgave-forgiven词汇训练题Exercise 1 据句意及所给单词首字母或汉语意思完成下列句子.1. -Do you need more milk? -No, thanks, theres p_ in the fridge.2. Shes s_ herself to try to lose weight.3. Nothing s_ him, hes always complaining (抱怨).4. You f _ me to death suddenly shouting out by my ear.5. I a_ him for his success in business.6. The judge _ (判定)both finalists (决赛者) equal points.7. These books are _ (最喜欢的东西) of mine.8. Christmas Day is a _ (宗教的) festival.9. I made my _ (道歉) and left early.10. I _ (原谅) her long ago.Exercise 2 根据句意, 用所给的词或词组的最恰当形式填空(注意有多余选项)-have ones origin as, do (no) harm ( to), lead to, have fun with, wait forset off, set on, makeof , decorate with, take place, look forward toplay a trick on, in the shape of, be proud of-1.He means _by saying what he thinks.2.This misunderstanding _ a war between the two countries.3.Sam used to be a spy _ a journalist.4.The Spring Festival in China _ an activity to drive off the “Nian”, a wild beast.5.Dont _ me; Im not a fool.6.He ended the letter with “_ seeing you soon”.7.The parents _ their childs success.8.What time are you planning to _ tomorrow?9.Father bought a Christmas tree _ coloured lights a week ago.10.We have never discovered what _ between the couple that day.III. Language points: 1. mean 1) mean+ to do打算,意欲 2) mean+ n/ pron/that从句-意思3）mean+ v-ing意味 meaning (n) 意思 meaningful (a) 有意义的2. celebrate (v) celebration (n) 庆祝活动 hold a celebration/ celebrations 3. take place 不用于被动语态take sbs place/ take the place of sb= replace sbtake place 指经过安排的事情happen 偶然发生，碰巧发生break out 灾难、疾病、战争等突然爆发4. would+ v 过去常常5. starve starve for 急需starve to death 饿死6. Some festivals are held to honour the dead, or satisfy the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm.1) v 尊敬,给以荣誉2) in honor of 为了纪念A festival is set to honor/ in honor of the hero.Do harm to sb= harm sb Do more harm than good 7. in memory of 纪念,悼念8. arrive (v) arrival (n)The arrival of the plane has been delayed._ my arrival at school, Mr Li was there.9. gain (n/ v) I gained a lot from my teacher. No pains, no gains.10. gather 1) A lot of people gathered to see what had happened. 聚集,集合 (vi)2) The student gathered a lot of information about the hero. 收集 (vt)11. award 奖励 reward 回报,报酬 He received an award of 1,000 dollars. He was awarded a medal for his excellent work. 12. admire admire sb for sth They admired our garden. I admired him for his success in business.13. look forward to(介词) + n/ v-ing Im looking forward to his coming. -ward 向着方向 backward 向后 forward 向前14. As though/ if 好象 15. have fun with sb 1. parking lot2. turn up3. keep ones words4. hold ones breath5. obviousit was obvious that6. set off7. remind ofUnit 2 Healthy eating语法：Modal Verbs -ought/oughtnt to；Should/shouldnt; mustnt; neednt; (dont) have to; will; can/cantI. 本单元词汇：diet, nut, bean, pea, cucumber, eggplant, pepper, mushroom, peach, lemon, balance, barbecue, mutton, roast, fry, ought, bacon, slim, curiosity, hostess, raw, vinegar, lie, customer, discount, weakness, strength, consult, fiber, digest, carrot, debt, glare, spy, limit, limited, benefit, breast, garlic, sigh, combine词汇练习 Exercise 1据句意及所给单词首字母或汉语意思完成下列句子.1.Dont take some e_ exercise when you have caught a cold.2.He gave in to c_ and opened the letter addressed to his classmate.3.Tom would never a_ to being wrong.4.Did Lucy m_ when she would come to see me?5.Ive had the b_ of a good education.6.Because they didnt reach any agreement, they had to make a _(折中) decision.7.He could do nothing but stand and _ (惊讶).8.The subject has already been fully _（研究）.9.Dao Lang is _ (受欢迎的) among the youth.10.Hydrogen _(结合) with oxygen to form water.Exercise 2 根据句意, 用所给的词或词组的最恰当形式填空(注意有多余选项)-earn ones living, care about, are for, after all, above all, take park in, take the part of, success, avoid, long before, before long, feel fit, provide-1.Hes been ill for weeks and doesnt _ for work yet.2.She _ by singing in a nightclub.3.He was extremely angry yesterday and said he would not come back. But he returned today _.4.How many countries will be _ the games?5.He _ Hamlet in the play.6.I just stopped cycling to _ running over the cat in the street.7.He wasnt _ as a teacher because of lacking of experience.8.That sad thing had happened _.9.All the woman _ their children.10.The firm _ me with a car since I worked here.III. 单元知识点（1）： 1.Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.feeling very frustrated 现在分词在句中作伴随状语eg.She sat on the chair reading a newspaper.(表伴随) Walking in the street, she met her old friend.(表时间) Seeing no body at home , she decided to eat outside.(表原因) The child fell, striking his head against the ground.(表结果)2. His restaurant ought to be full of people. Ought to 1) to show a moral duty 表示一种道义上的责任，应该Eg.She ought to look after her child better. You ought to study hard to get a high mark. 2)ought to have done 表示本应该，而却没有Eg.You ought to have come yesterday. 3.He thought of his mutton kebabs, fatty pork cooked in the hottest, finest oil. 过去分词短语作后置定语，表被动。 = which were cooked in the hottest oil. Eg.The flowers picked by him are very beautiful. 4.Nothing could have been better.比较级与否定词连用表示最高级。 = All his food could have been the best. Eg.I have never seen a better film. There is nothing I like so much as playing football. 5.Tired of all that fat?Tired of 厌烦的 He is tired of doing the same thing all year round.Tired out 筋疲力尽 I was tired out when I finally reach the top of the mountain.Tired from 因而疲倦 I was very tied from running fast.6. get away with sth./doing sth. a)不因某事而受惩罚。I wont have you getting away with cheating in the exam.b)偷携某物潜逃。The robbers robbed the bank and got away with a lot of money.c)收到较轻的惩罚。He was so lucky to get away with a fine for such a serious mistake.7. lie 谎言，说谎1）The program was full of lies.2) He lied to his wife so that he could come home late.单元知识点（2）：1.Perhas he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant. earn ones living by =live by=make a living by靠谋生 eg. He earned his living by begging from door to door. 2.He didnt look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular. Be in debt 欠债。 Be out of debt 还清债务。Be in sb.s debt 欠某人人情。Eg. Saving my life, I am forever in your debt.3.She didnt look happy but glared at him. Glare at 怒视，带有敌意 Eg. “How could you do that？”he said, glaring at his mother. Glance at 扫视 Eg.He glanced at his watch and left in a hurry. Stare at 张大眼睛死死地盯着 Eg.She stared at him in surprise.4.Yong Hui agreed to stay and soon they were both enjoying the dumplings, fatty pork and cola. Agree to (do) sth. 表示“同意某事或某建议”，后只能跟表“提议，计划，方案，打算，安排” Eg.He agreed to their proposal. He agreed to get someone to help us. Agree with sb. 同意某人Eg.I agree with every word you said. Agree on sth. 表示在某事上取得一致的意见Eg.They agreed on a date for the next meeting.5.But dont you think it would be better if you were a bit thinner?虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用过去式（be用were），而主句的谓语动词用would(should, could ,might)+动词原形。例如： If I were you, I should study English better. If he had time, he would attend the meeting.6. spy (v/n) 监视，侦查，看见，间谍1) 暗中监视；侦查。 It is impolite to spy into other peoples windows.2) 看见，发现。 He suddenly spied an old friend in the supermarket.7.before long 和long before 1)before long是介词短语，在句子中作状语，意思为：“不久后，很快”。多与将来时或者过去时连用。如：I shall visit you again before long. 2)long before是副词短语，意思为：“很久以前”，多与完成时连用。如： He had taken a doctors degree long before. Before不仅可以用作副词，还可以用作介词或者连词，这时long before的意思为: “早在之前”。如：He had come to America long before the war.Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank-Note重点单词、短语unbelievable birthplace patience (patient) silly indeed adventure tiny author wander bay loneliness fault character spot unpaid playwright rude scream genuine scene account seek( sought-sought )短语： 1、make a bet on sth / that 2、do with / deal with 3、a large amount of 4、go ahead 5、as a matter of fact 6、 by accident / chance 7、stare at 8、give up 9、 account for 10、to be honest 11、care about12、show out 13、take a chance 14、be / dress in rags 15、be disappointed in sb 16、be worth doing 17、work as 18、in a rude manner 19、be jealous of 20、even if / though 21、as for 22、be filled with 23、 get into trouble 24、permit (doing) sth 25、permit sb to do sth 26、mind sth / sb. 27、be spotted by 28、be about to do 29、be/ get lost 30、be patient with 31. bring up 32. on the contrary 词汇训练Exercise 1 据句意及所给单词首字母或汉语意思完成下列句子.1.She is an i_ actress in modern times.2.After three hours of waiting for the train, our p_ finally went to end.3.The fans s_ with excitement when they saw the star.4.She seems g_ but can I trust her?5.He has a good sense of h_, so most of the students like his class.6.His illness _ ( 是的解释) his absence.7.I only found it _ (偶然地).8.He was _(妒忌) Toms success.9.You can tell from her _(外表) that she has been ill.10.Dogs are not _ (允许) in the building.Exercise 2 根据句意, 用所给的词或词组的最恰当形式填空(注意有多余选项)-care about, carry out, do with, deal with, promise, bet on, stare at, look, in rages, account of, to be honest, notuntil-1.He took no _ what I said and failed.2.Tell me what you _ yourselves last Sunday.3.He spends all his money _ horses.4.Dont look at me in such way; I dont like being _.5.The program made in yesterdays conference will soon _.6.You shouldnt consider Tom poor though he is _.7.I dont think she _ what happens to her children.8._, I dont think we have a chance of winning.9._ we know more will we be able to improve the situation.10.I cant _, but I will do my best.重点句子：（Notes to the text :Unit 3 page 80-page 83）language point（语言点）1. go ahead(1) 进行；发生The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned. 新桥的建设将会按照计划进行。(2) 前进；继续做Despite the bad weather, they still went ahead with their plans. 尽管天气不好，他们仍按计划继续前进。(3) 取得进展，取得进步He is always going ahead. 他一直在进步。(4) (祈使句) 做吧，请吧 May I start now？我可以开始了吗？ Yes, go ahead.好，开始吧。2. stare at 注视，盯着看He stared at the word trying to remember what it meant. 我盯着那个词看，想要回忆起它的意思。Its rude to stare at other people. 盯着别人看是不礼貌的。3. find sb/oneself done/ doing/adj/n/prep-phraseWhen day broke, I found myself in a small village. 破晓，我发现我身处在一个村庄里。I found myself lying on the bed. 我发现我躺在床上。He found himself surrounded by many students. 他发现他被许多学生围着。He found himself walking in the direction of the park. 他发现他正在往公园的方向前行。I found him difficult to get along well with. 我发现他很难相处。4. spot spotless spotted(1) v. (用眼睛)挑出，察出，认出I spotted her in the crowd. 我从人群中认出了他。(2) v 使染上斑点；点上污点 The ink spotted her white shirt. 我把她的白色衬衫上弄上了污点。(3) n 斑点；污点；圆点 She had spots on her face when she was ill. 她生病的时候，脸上出现了斑点。(4) n 地点；场所 This is a nice spot for a house. 这是一个建房子的好地方。5、order n 叫/要的菜 May I take you order now? 您的菜点好了吗？ n 顺序，次序 The books are arranged in order of size. 书籍按尺寸码放。 n 命令 Soldiers must obey orders. 军人必须服从命令。 We did it on his order. 我们奉他之命做了那件事。 v 命令 The officer ordered his soldiers to march. 长官命令他的士兵前进。 v 预订，订购I have ordered a new computer from the shop. 我从商店里订购了一台新电脑。Ive ordered a steak. 我点了一份牛排。 6. take a chance 碰运气As for whether he will win the game or not, we must take a chance. 对于他能否取胜，我们只能碰运气。 7、 manner n 方法；方式Why are you talking in such a strange manner? 你为什么用这种奇怪的方式谈话？ 态度；举止He talked to her in a very rude manner. 他很粗鲁地和她说话。 礼貌，礼节；风俗，习俗Its bad manners to talk with a mouth full. 嘴里有食物时说话不礼貌。You should have good manners all the time. 你应该时时刻刻都讲礼貌。These are the manners and customs of the Chinese. 这些是中国人的风俗习惯。(4) genuine adj 真正的； 真实的；名副其实的We cannot make sure it is a genuine painting. 我们不能确认它是一幅真画。 辨析： genuine指物品的来历或性质同所说的是一致的。如: a genuine antique 一件真古董。genuine knowledge 真知；真正的知识 real adj 真实的； 真正的；指从外表看来不是虚假或伪造的 That is a real dog, not a toy. 那是一条真狗，而不是一个玩具。 true adj 意为“真实的；确实的；确切的” 指符合实际情况。It is true that he has won the prize. 他确实赢得了奖品。Is it true that he is rich? 他很富有，是真的吗？8、 in rags穿着破旧衣服；穿得破破烂烂的(状态)The old man is in rags. 那个老人穿得破破烂烂的。9、 indeed adv 的确是；实在是；当然 Did you hear the explosion last night? 你昨晚听见爆炸声了吗？ Indeed I did. 我确实听到了。 (表示惊奇、反语等)真是的；的确 I earn $1000 a day. 我一天赚一千美元。 Indeed? 真的吗?10、from the bottom of ones heart 衷心地，真诚地；发自内心地It was a request from the bottom of my heart. 这是我发自内心的请求。 拓展：break ones heart 让某人伤心 learn sth by heart 记住 heart and soul 全心全意地 lose heart 失去信心 lose ones heart to sb = fall in love with sb 爱上某人(1) 宾语从句：引导词为that; whether/ if; what; which; who; whom; whose; when; where; how; why and so on. The object clause can be placed after vt, prep, and some adj. 语法： 名词性从句（宾语从句、表语从句）1、宾语从句：注意事项 用陈述句的语序。注意从句的时态呼应（主句是现在时，从句用各种时态；主句是过去时，从句用过去的时态，包括过去、过去进行、过去完成、过去将来），表示客观真理或普遍事实时除外。主句的谓语动词是advise, demand, request, order, suggest, insist时，宾语从句的谓语动词用should +v.主句的主语是第一人称，谓语是think, suppose, believe, expect, imagine时，否定转移。 that引导宾语从句时，一般省略。不省略的情况为：a. 从句位于句首以示强调时；b. 及物动词后的第二个及以后的宾语从句；c. 谓语动词和that从句间有短语隔开时；d. 在复合宾语中；e. 宾语从句由“从句+主句”构成，从句的引导词紧跟在主句谓语动词后，that不省。2、 表语从句： 从属连词引导The question is whether we should ask them for help.The fact remains that you are still behind the others. 连接代词引导Guilin is not what it used to be.What she wants to know is which dress she should buy. 连接副词引导That is where Lu Xun used to live.That is why he didnt pass the exam.That was how they were defeated.注：还可由as if 或as though引导。It looks as if it were going to rain.Unit4重点单词、词组单词astronomy, system, religion theory, atom, billion, globe, violent, , carbon, atmosphere, unlike, fundamental, harmful, acids, chain, multiplied, oxygen, exist, thus, dioxide, gravity, satellite, physicist, climate, crash, spaceship, pull float, weight词组solar system, begin with，in all direction, in time, lay eggs give birth to, prevent. from, depend on, block out, cheer up, now that, get the hang of, break out, watch out.Unit 4Exercise 1 据句意及所给单词首字母或汉语意思完成下列句子.1.A _ is scientific study of the sun, moon, stars, planets, ect.2.Christian, Buddhist and Hindu are the main r_ in the world.3.The a_ over dinner was warm and friendly.4.The firework e_ in his hand.5.The news he s_ around the town was not true.6.Its a _ (谜) to me why they didnt choose him.7.We must care about further _ (进展).8.As a parent, you should not _(鼓励) bad habits in a child.9.The ECP _ (出版) weekly.10.The force that attracts objects in space towards each other, and on the earth pulls them towards the center of the planet is called _ (重力).Exercise 2 根据句意, 用所给的词或词组的最恰当形式填空(注意有多余选项)-lessen, dissolve, depend on, prevent(from), lay, now that, on earth, on the earth, on time, in time, surface, gradually-1._ youve finished your homework, you can go and play football to have a rest.2. Ive phoned you several times. What _ are you doing?3. Nothing on earth can _ me _ loving her.4. Do you best in your career, youll succeed _.5. You must not look only at the _ of things.6. Salt _ easily in water.7. The old man _ his two sons for food and clothing.8. The cuckoo(杜鹃) _ its eggs in other birds nest.9. After hard working, they improved the things _.10. The pain _ already _ after taking the medicine.重点句子：1. However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “