绵阳暑期培训学校培训材料：书面表达2.doc

灵活运用高级表达方式提高高考英语书面表达得分近年来，高考英语书面表达评分标准规定。考生必须使用比较高级的表达方式方能获取高分，而不少考生只会用结构简单的句子来表达文意，写出来的文章得分就低。因此，同学们应在平时的书面表达训练中多练习使用高级表达方式，才能在高考英语书面表达中获得高分。 一、什么是高级表达方式 一般说来，如果一篇书面表达通篇都是单一的主谓宾结构的简单句，表达效果就比较差。各种复合句、特殊句式(倒装句、强调句、感叹句、such as列举句型等)和带过渡性插入语的句子通常难度大、语境逻辑强、表达效果好，是普遍认可的高级表达方式，也是高考英语书面表达是否能获取高分的重要依据同学们在写英语书面表达时应根据表达需要有选择地使用这些高级表达方式。 二、掌握简单表达方式转化高级表达方式的方法 简单表达方式可以转化成高级表达方式，而且转换难度也不是很大，因为高级表达方式也是在简单表达方式的基础上构成的。下面介绍几种将简单表达方式转化为高级表达方式的方法。 1将两个简单句合并为一个由which引导的非限制性定语从句。 which在非限制性定语从句中代表主句内容，从句可由两个简单句之一改造而成。 例1：最近许多中学生乱花钱，关于这一点不同的人有不同的看法。 简单句：Recently many middle school students spend their money on unnecessary things. Different people have different opinions about it.高级表达方式： 例2：许多男孩学抽烟，这对身体有危害。 简单句：Many boys learn to smoke. It does harm to their health. 高级表达方式： 2在表达观点的陈述句前加过渡性插入语。 一些表达观点的陈述句前加上in my opinion, from my point of view, personally speaking, as far as I know, as far as Im concerned, as we all know, as is known to all等插入语之后往往使句式更丰满，逻辑更严密，说理更充分，从而增强了文章的表达效果。 例1：简单句：We should not spend too much time in surfing the Internet. 我们不应该花太多时间上网。 高级表达方式：In my opinion, we should not spend too much time in surfing the Internet. 我认为我们不应该花太多时间上网。 例2：简单句：Taking exercise does good to our health. 锻炼对健康有好处。 高级表达方式：As we all knowAs is known to all, taking exercise does good to our health. 众所周知，锻炼对健康有好处。 例3：简单句：Mary is an honest and kind girl. 玛丽是一个诚实善良的女孩。 高级表达方式：As far as I know, Mary is an honest and kind girl. 就我所知，玛丽是一个诚实善良的女孩。 3在两个简单句之间加上过渡性词汇。 为使两个简单句之间逻辑更严密，过渡更自然，可在其间加上过渡性词汇。 例1：雨下得很大，我们只好呆在旅馆里。 简单句：It rained heavily. We had to stay at the hotel. 高级表达方式：It rained heavily; as a result, we had to stay at the hotel. 例2：我买了一些时装，又去看了一个精彩的演出。 简单句：I bought some fashionable clothes. I went to see a wonderful performance. 高级表达方式：I bought some fashionable clothes; , I went to see a wonderful performance. 例3：我在火车站迷了路，天也渐渐地暗了。 简单句：I was lost at the station. It was getting dark. 高级表达方式：I was lost at the station; ， it was getting dark. 4将两个简单句合并为并列句。 两个简单句分别表达会令句子读起来缺乏连贯性和逻辑性，而加上并列连词改造成并列句后逻辑严密得多，句式也高级得多。 例1：这道题太难了，我解不出来。 简单句：This problem is too difficult. I cant work it out. 高级表达方式： 例2：我想买这辆自行车，却没有足够的钱。 简单句：I want to buy this bike. I dont have enough money. 高级表达方式：I want to buy this bike, but I dont have enough money. 5将两个简单句合并为复合句。 两个简单句加上从属连词可合并成主从复合句，这是增强语境逻辑、提升表达档次的好方法。 例1：我没有带钱。没能看成那场电影。 简单句：I didnt take any money. I couldnt see that film. 高级表达方式：Because I didnt take any money, I couldnt see the film. 例2：你不早点出发就不能及时到达。 简单句：You dont start early. You cant get there in time. 高级表达方式：If you dont start early, you cant get there in time. 6将陈述句改为感叹句。 陈述句结构平凡、语调平缓，而转换为感叹句后句式变新颖，语气变强烈，表达档次明显得到提升。 例1：陈述句：To prevent the pollution is very important防止污染很重要。 高级表达方式： 防止污染多重要啊! 例2：陈述句：She is a clever girl她是一个聪明的女孩。 高级表达方式： 她是一个多么聪明的女孩啊! 7将陈述句改为倒装句。 陈述句改成倒装句后结构新颖、情感浓烈，表达效果明显增强。 例1：直到太阳落山我们才离开那个村庄。 陈述句：We didnt leave the village until the sun set. 高级表达方式： 例2：那时我几乎不懂英语的重要性。 陈述句：I could hardly understand the importance of English at that time. 高级表达方式： 8将简单句改为强调句。 简单句改为强调句后语气更强烈、感情更充沛，是不可多得的高级表达方式。 例l：抽烟对他的身体造成了伤害。 简单句：Smoking did great harm to his health. 高级表达方式： 例2：我们的钱是父母辛苦挣来的。 简单句：Our money is earned through hard work by our parents. 高级表达方式： 9将一般性列举句子改为such as列举句型。 一般性列举句子只起到罗列事实的作用，而such as列举句型除具有列举功能之外，其对称的结构也能增强表达效果。 例1：晚会上将有唱歌、跳舞、做游戏等节目。 一般性列举句子：The party will include singing, dancing and playing games. 高级表达方式：There will be a few programs at the party, such as singing, dancing and playing games. 例2：我们将参观长城、颐和园、紫禁城等名胜古迹。 一般性列举句子：The places of interest we will visit are the Great Wall, the Summer Palace and the Forbidden City, etc。 高级表达方式：We will visit several places of interest, such as the Great Wall, the Summer Palace and the Forbidden City. 三、增强使用高级表达方式的意识掌握了简单表达方式转化高级表达方式的方法，并不意味着在写作时一定能用上，只有增强使用高级表达方式的意识，养成使用高级表达方式的习惯，才能确保在写作时自然贴切地用上。经典句式模板1It goes witout saying that(不言而喻).2. What really count is not but 真正重要的不是而是仿写：03What really count is not how fashionable you are but whether you possess a great amount of knowledge, a noble character and a warm heart.仿写：05 What really count is not how talented you are, but how persevering you are.仿写：06 What really count is not the condition it provides, but the reputation the university gets.3. Great efforts should be made to . Only by can we enable our country to take the strong position among the power of the world.仿写：03Thus I sugget that great efforts should be made to be the person the society needs,.Only by doing so can you definitely enable yourself to become as happy as you used to be.仿写：05As far as I am concerned, great efforts should be made to build your confidence and perseveranc. Only by doing so can you definitely enableourselve to take the strong position in our life.仿写：06Since I made up my mind, great efforts should be made to realize my dream. And only by working hard can I definitely enable myself to take the strong position among my peers.高考书面表达常用的高级句式1. There be( exist, live, lie , stand) sb./ sth.2. sb. have ( has / had ) sth.3. sb. find / think /feel + it + n./ adj.+ (for sb. ) to do sth. We think it our duty to work hard.She finds it necessary to take down notes while listening.They feel it important to have some working experience.4. the most +形容词+名词+ (that) +主词+ have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.5、Nothing is + more +形容词+ than to + VNothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。6、 cannot emphasize the importance of too much.（再怎么强调.的重要性也不为过We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.7、There is no denying that + S + V .（不可否认的.）There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. There is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind.8、It is universally acknowledged that +句子（全世界都知道.）It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us. 9、There is no doubt that +句子（毫无疑问的.）There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired. 毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。10、An advantage of is that +句子（.的优点是.）An advantage of using the solar energy is that it wont create (produce) any pollution. 11、The reason why +句子 is that +句子（.的原因是.）The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air. The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us. 12、So +形容词+ be +主词+ that +句子（如此.以致于.）So precious is time that we cant afford to waste it.13、Adj / n.+ as + Subject（主词）+ be, S + V（虽然.）Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. by no means = in no way = on no account一点也不 虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。Child as she is, she pays much attention to her behavior.14、The + er + S + V, the + er + S + V The + more + Adj + S + V, the + more + Adj + S + V （愈.愈.）The harder you work, the more progress you make. The more books we read, the more learned we become. 15、By +doing sth., sb. can do sth.（借着.，.能够.）By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy. 借着做运动我们能够始终保持健康。16、It is said /reported / known / thought/ believed (that)It is believed (that) reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.17、On no account can we + V （我们绝对不能.）On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge. 我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。18、It is time + S +过去式（该是.的时候了）It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.19、根据我个人经验According to my personal experience, = Based on my personal experience, According to my personal experience, smile has done me a lot of good.20、There is no one but （没有人不.）There is no one but longs to go to college.没有人不渴望上大学。21、It is + n / adj + that / to doIt is a must that everybody should know how to use computers.It is convenient for us to be able to use computers22、That is the reason why （那就是.的原因）Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I dont like it.23. For the past +时间，S +现在完成式.（过去.年来，.一直.）For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.24、Since + S +过去式，S +现在完成式。Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.25、It pays to + V （.是值得的。）It pays to help others. 帮助别人是值得的。26、It is no use (good) doingIts no good talking without thinking carefully.27. It is necessary/ important/essential that + sb. (should) + do sth.It is important that we (should) keep the public places clean.28、What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么.！）What an important thing it is to keep our promise!How important a thing it is to keep our promise!遵守诺言是多么重要的事！29、not onlybut alsoIn just three years, she had not only finished all the lessons, but also received her Doctors degree.Forests can not only fresh the air but also reduce noise.30、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, （因为.）Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.31、I am greatly convinced (that) = I am greatly assured (that) 我深信I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure. 我深信预防是于治疗32、notuntilI didnt know the truth until she told me what happened.Yesterday I didnt go to sleep until midnight. Step1 仔细审题 Step2. 理清要点 Step3. 译写单句 Step4. 连句成篇 Step5. 检查润色 Step6. 定稿抄写高考英语作文“六步法”范例：题目：根据以下提示，用英语写一篇介绍香港的短文，字数100字左右。 香港位于中国的东南部，面积1045平方公里，人口600多万，被称为“东方明珠”。1842年鸦片战争后，当时的中国政府被迫将香港割让给英国。1997年她已回到祖国的怀抱，其前景会更美好。 参考词汇：明珠 pearl p:l，鸦片 opium upim第一步：仔细审题 本文属说明性文章。第二步：理清要点1、香港的地理位置、面积和人口。2、鸦片战争后香港的处境。3、1997年她回到祖国的怀抱。4、其前景会更美好。第三步：译写单句1. 香港位于中国的东南部，面积1045平方公里，人口600多万，被称为“东方明珠” Hong Kong lies in the southeast of China. Her area is 1,045k. Her population is more than 6 million. She is well-known as “the Pearl of the East”.2. 1842年鸦片战争后，当时的中国政府被迫将香港割让给英国。She was given up to Britain after the 1842 Opium War.3. 1997年她已回到祖国的怀抱，其前景会更美好。In 1997, she returned to motherland. Her future is very beautiful.第四步：连句成篇Hong Kong lies in the southeast of China. Her area is 1,045k and (. Her) population is more than 6 million. She is well-known as “the Pearl of the East”. She was given up to Britain after the 1842 Opium War.In 1997, she returned to motherland and (. Her) future is very beautiful.第五步：检查润色1Hong Kong lies in the southeast of China. she has an area of( Her area is)1,045k and (. Her) has a population of more than 6 million ( population is more than 6 million). She is well-known as “the Pearl of the East”. In 1842,She was given up to Britain by the then Chinese government after the 1842 Opium War, and the people in Hong Kong lived a hard life . In 1997, she returned to motherland and the people of Hong Kong are and will be working hard to make her more beautiful. (. Her future is very beautiful.)第五步：检查润色2Hong Kong lies in the southeast of China. she has an area of1,045k and has a population of more than 6 million and(. She) is well-known as “the Pearl of the East”. In 1842, the then Chinese government was forced to give up Hong Kong to Britain ( She was given up to Britain by the then Chinese government) after the Opium War, and the people in Hong Kong suffered a lot ( lived a hard life) . After the return of Hong Kong to China in 1997 ( In 1997, she returned to motherland and the people of Hong Kong are and), the people of Hong Kon