八年级英语第九单元.doc

中小学个性化教育专家行之教育学科教师辅导讲义编号: 组长签字：学生姓名： 年 级： 课 时 数： 辅导科目 教师姓名： 上课时间：课 题Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum？教 学 内 容一、心灵寄语Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。than 比较级的标志词之一，用于两者之间的比较。二、重点短语归纳1、at night 在夜晚 2、all year round 一年到头；终年3、be far from 离远 4、in the dark 在黑暗中5、amusement park游乐场 6、water park水上乐园7、go somewhere different 去不同的地方 8、learn about 了解9、put up 搭建 10、in such a rapid way 用如此快速的方式11、tea art 茶艺 12、tea set 茶具13、many different kinds of 许多不同种类的 14、in the future 在将来；未来15、a couple of 少数；几个 16、thousands of 数以千计的；许许多多的17、on the one handone the other hand 一方面另一方面18、an Englishspeaking country 一个说英语的国家 19、three quarters 四分之三20、close to 靠近 21、take a holiday 度假三、句子分析1、 Have you ever been to an amusement park ? Yes, I have. / No, I havent. How about you? Me too. / Me neither. Have you ever been to a science museum? 你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？【重点】【辨析】have/has been to；have / has gone to ；have/ has been in；(1). have/ has been to 表示“某人曾经去过某地”强调现在已经回来了，不在那里了。E.g.: We have been to Qingdao. 我们去过青岛。(现在不在青岛)(2). have gone to表示“某人到某地去了”，强调现在还没有回来，可能在那里或途中。E.g.: They have gone to Sydney. 他们去悉尼了。(现在在悉尼或途中)(3) . have been in +地点：表示“某人在某地待了很长时间”，常与时间段搭配。 E.g.: I have been in Nanchang for three years. 我在南昌待了3年了。How long have you been in China? 你在中国待了多长时间？ 肯定相同情形应答： So + be 动词/助动词/情态动词+主语e.g. I am interested in collecting stamps. _ _ I . 否定相同情形应答： I have never been to the museum . Me neither . / Neither have I. / I havent , either . Neither + be 动词/助动词/情态动词+主语 e .g. I cant play the violin. _ _ I .（ ） Peter has never been to a water park. _. 【2012山东枣庄】A. I havent neither B. I havent too C. Me too D. Me neither（ ）I have never been to Hawaii. What about Mike? 【2012 达州】 -A. So has he B. So he does C. Neither he has D. Neither has he2. Its really interesting, isnt it?【反意疑问句】(一)、定义：即附加疑问句。表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。(二)、结构： 陈述句 + 附加疑问句？ E.g.: Its hot today ,isnt it ?(三)、原则： 1.前肯后否，前否后肯； 2.前名后代；3.时态一致E.g.: They work hard, dont they?做题方法(1). 找动词如果句中有助动词、情态动词、be动词，反意疑问句中也相应的用助动词、情态动词、be动词。E.g.: He is a student, isnt he?如果句中没有助动词、情态动词、be动词，只有实义动词时，就要借助助动词。E.g.: She often gets up at 6:30 everymorning, doesnt she?(2). 判断句子是肯定还是否定，“前肯后否，前否后肯”The students have planted many trees, havent they?(3).反意疑问句的主语必须转换成人称代词主格。E.g.: The boy cant swim, can he ?【注意】(1). Lets 中的us 包括对方，反意疑问句用 shall we(2) . Let us 不包括对方, 反意疑问句用will you3. Lets go somewhere different today. 咱们今天去个不同的地方吧。【解析】形容词修饰不定代词/副词，放在不定代词之后。【注】somewhere 表达地点时，前面不用介词。 E.g.: Go and paly somewhere else. 不定副词：somewhere , anywhere, nowhere不定副词被定语修饰时，定语必须放在其后e.g.:somewhere warm暖和的地方5.We put up atentand cooked outside. 我们搭起帐篷，在户外做饭。【解析】put up 搭起；举起；张贴【短语】put away 把收起来 put on 穿上 put up 张贴，putout 熄灭 putinto 把放进 put down 放下e.g.:-Excuse me, Sir. But smoking is not allowed here. 【2012江苏连云港】 -Sorry, I didnt see the sign. Ill _my cigarette at once. A.putout B. put away C. put up D. put off6. It also encourages governments and social groups to think about ways to improve toilets in the future.(博物馆)并且鼓励政府和社会团体来考虑一下未来改进厕所的方法。【解析】 encourage sb. to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb. in sth 在某方面鼓励某人7. Its unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way! 真是难以置信，科技发展的竟然如此迅速。【解析】progress v进步；进展； n(不可数n) make progress 取得进步 make progress in 在.方面 取得进步 E.g.: I have made much progress in English.8. 反身代词一、二人称的反身代词构成:形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成； 第三人称的反身代词构成:第三人称宾格+self/selves、反身代词的常见搭配：enjoy oneself=have fun =have a good time玩得高兴；by oneself =alone独自； teach oneself=learn by oneself自学；help oneself to随便吃；hurt oneself伤到自己；introduce oneself to 自我介绍；look after oneself 照顾自己；say to oneself自言自语；lose oneself in 沉迷于；dress oneself给某人自己穿衣服；9. And have you ever heard of a Disney Cruise? 你听说过迪士尼油轮吗？【解析】hear of 听说【辨析】listen to/hear(1)listen/listen to 听，侧重听的“过程”；(2)hear 听，侧重听的“结果”(3). hear sb. do sth 听见某人做某事 (事情做过了）e.g.: I often hear him sing in the room.hear sb. doing sth 听见某人正在做某事 (事情正在做，还未完成）e.g.: I hear him singing in the room(4) . hear of/about 听说; hearfrom=receive a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信 E.g.: Im sorry to hear that.听到这件事我很难过(指听到别人不幸的消息时的用语)10. thousands of 数以千记的；许许多多的用法：(1)当hundred/thousand/million 前面有具体的数字时，用单数形式;(2)当hundred/thousand/million 后与of 连用时用复数形式。11. 分数词的表达法 【重点】(1).结构: .分子用基数词,分母用序数词. 分子（基数词）1；分母（序数词）4=one fourth=one quarter；.当分子大于1时,分母为序数词加s.；three fourths=three quarters；(2).注意:分数词的几种特殊形式.；1/3one third=a third；1/4one fourth=a quarter；1/2one second=a half；three fourths=three quarters；分子（基数词） 1分母（序数词） 4 = one fourth = one quarter.当分子大于1时,分母为序数词加s.(3). 分数词作主语时, 谓语动词根据分数词后面的名词来确定.Therere many students in our school, _ of them _ girls. 【2013 齐齐哈尔】A. One third; is B. One third; are C. Two thirds; is12. You wont have any problem getting rice, noodles or dumplings.你将会毫不费力的找到米饭、面条或饺子。【解析】Have problems (in) doing sth. 意为“做某事遇到困难或麻烦”，也可用have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth./ with sth.E.g.: They had problems in getting here. 他们到达这儿有困难。13. This is because the island is so close to the equator.这是因为这个岛离赤道很近。【解析】 close adj. 离.近，与.亲近的(1) v 关（反） open closed adj. 关的(2) adj.密切的 be close to E.g.: My home is close to the school.(3) adv. 接近地 靠近地 E.g.: Today I come close to be late.四、语法1、How soon,how long ,how far的区别1.how long“多长”,询问动作在时间上所持续的长度.其答语部分或划线部分可能是：1）“for + 时间段”,有时可能没有介词for.如：-How long did he wait for you here?他在这儿等了你多久?- For two hours.两个小时.It took him 20 minutes to finish his homework.(对话线部分提问)How long did it take him to finish his homework?2）“since + 具体时间”,“since + 时间段 + ago”或者“since + 从句”.如：-How long are you feeling like this?像这样已经多久了?-Since last night.从昨晚到现在.3）表示时间的betweenand,fromto等介词短语.如：They were playing football from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday.(对话线部分提问)How long were they playing football yesterday?另外,how long也可以询问某事物的具体长度.如：-How long is the desk?这张桌子有多长?-1.2 meters.1.2米.2.how soon“多久,多快”,询问动作在将来要经过多长时间才会发生.其答语部分或划线部分可能是：in + 时间段.如：Hes going to Zhengzhou in two days.(对话线部分提问)How soon is he going to Zhengzhou?3.how far“多远”,询问路程、距离.如：How far is it from here to school?从这儿到学校有多远?现在完成时中非延续性动词的转换 现在完成时是初中英语语法的重点之一。它表示过去发生的某一动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现在，并可以和以for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，也可以用在以“how long”提问的句子中，句子中的谓语动词一般为延续性动词。但是，有些动词所表示的动作是短暂的，这类动词叫做非延续性动词。如：come, go, reach, arrive, leave, borrow, buy, join, die, begin, start, finish等。在现在完成时的句子中，非延续性动词作谓语动词时，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 同学们在使用这两类动词作谓语动词时，常会出现错误。例如： （误）Tom has bought the book for a week. （正）Tom has had the book for a week. （误）My father had joined the Party for ten years. （正）My father has been in the Party for ten years. 如果要表示动作的连续性，就要把非延续性动词转换成相应的延续性动词或短语，具体转换如下： come/go/reach/arrivebe in/at, leavebe away from, borrowkeep, buyhave, joinbe in/be a member of, diebe dead, start/beginbe on, finish/endbe over, openbe open (adj.), closebe closed (adj.), marrybe married 注意： 1. 非延续性动词可以在现在完成时的否定句中作谓语，并可以与for，since引导的时间状语连用，表示动作的延续过程。例如： She hasnt bought any new clothes since last year. 2. 在现在完成时的肯定句中，非延续性动词作谓语时不能与for，since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，但可以用其他句式来表示同一个意思。例如： He has been away from Beijing for two years. = He left Beijing two years ago. = It is two years since he left Beijing. = Two years has passed since he left Beijing. 练习：用现在完成时改写下列句子，使A，B两句意思基本一致。每空限填一词。 1. A. They came to our school in 1980. B. They _ _ _ our school since 1980. 2. A. The man died five years ago. B. The man _ _ _ for five years. 3. A. The meeting began two minutes ago. B. The meeting _ _ _ for two minutes. 4. A. We borrowed two books last week. B. We _ _ the two books for a week. 5. A. When did the train arrive here? B. How long _ the train _ here? 五、口语角。A:May I help you? A:你要买点什么？B:Whats the price of the bread? B:面包多少钱一个？A:2.50 Yuan. A:2元5角。B:And how much is the coco cola? B:可口可乐多少钱一听？A:3.00 Yuan. A:3元。B:Here is ten Yuan. B:给你10元钱。A:Here is your change, please. A:这是找你的钱。B:Thank you. B:谢谢。A:Welcome to my shop next time. A:欢迎下次光临。单元练习一单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。( ) 1. I dont like those two coats because _ of them fits me.A. either B. neither C. none D. all( ) 2. I really want to go to the . How about you? So do I. We can swim in it. A. water park B. aquarium C. zoo D. space museum ( ) 3. _ is fun to learn another language. A. That B. This C. It D. What( ) 4. I hear your teacher _ to Japan once. Yes, he _ there last year. A. goes; went B. has been; has been C. went; went D. has been; went( ) 5. _ have you been studying English? Since last year. A. How far B. How soon C. How long D. How often( ) 6. The Smiths have lived here with us _ 1999. A. for B. since C. before D. in 新|课 | 标|第 |一| 网( ) 7. I have never been to Disneyland. How about you? . A. Me, too B. So do I C. Me, neither D. Yes, I have ( ) 8. When my mother came back home last night, I was still _. A. wake B. woke C. waking D. awake ( ) 9. Tina, we are going to take a holiday in Europe. _. A. Its wonderful B. With pleasure C. Thats OK D. Have a good time( ) 10. Jim needs _ his English if he wants to be a flight attendant(服务员). A. to improve B. improve C. discover D. to learn ( ) 11. The island is quite warm all year round, because its _ the equator.A. next B. close to C. far from D. across from( ) 12. Linda _ the space museum after school yesterday.A. has been to B. was going to C. went to D. goes to( ) 13.Tell us something about Canada, OK?Im sorry. _ Jack _ I have ever been there.A. Either; or B. Not only; but also C. Both; and D. Neither; nor( ) 14. My sister would like to be a dancer _a singer. She likes dancing more.A. rather than B. than rather C. would rather D. more rather ( ) 15. _you are free, come to my home and lets have some coffee.A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whoever D. However二单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）http:/w ww.xkb 1. com A)根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。1. Have you ever been to an a (娱乐) park?2. The International Museum of Toilets is a very u (不寻常的) museum.3. There are some special German p (油画) in the art museum.4. W (不管-还是)it is rainy or not, we should go to school on time.5.There are four seasons in a year. S (春季)comes after winner.B) 根据句意，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。6.The Hangzhou National Tea Museum is a relaxing and (peace) plac