2019_2020学年高中英语Unit22EnvironmentalProtection课时跟踪检测（一）北师大版选修8.docx

课时跟踪检测（一） Warm-up & Lesson 1 Pre-reading阅读理解A In one of the worlds most forbidding environments, polar bears spend their summers wandering the Arctic on large pieces of floating ice.They drift for hundreds of miles, finding mates, hunting for seals, and fattening themselves up for the winter.Without the floating ice, the worlds largest bears could not survive.Yet at this moment, the polar bears Arctic habitat is melting away because of global warming.Over the past three decades, more than a million square miles of floating ice has disappeared.Scientists predict that, if the current rate of global warming continues, most, if not all, of the bears floating ice will be gone by 2100.As a result, the worlds polar bears could face global extinction by the end of this century.Already, the ice on the southern edge of the polar bears range is melting about three weeks earlier than in the past.The loss of those weeks leaves the bears less tune to hunt, eat and store up fat.Once the ice melts, the bears must fast (禁食) for up to eight months on land until the floating ice returns.As a result of early melting, there has been a 14 percent decline in the Hudson Bay polar bear population over the past ten years a decline clearly caused by global warming.Besides, a growing number of polar bears may be drowning as they are forced to swim more often, and for longer distances, in search of ice sheets.According to a report by the US Minerals Management Service, researchers observed four dead polar bears floating 60 miles off Alaska in September and it was likely that many other bears swimming far off the shore also drowned.Scientists have concluded that the worldwide population of about 20,000 polar bears is likely to shrink by more than 30 percent in the next 35 to 50 years alone.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了由于气候变暖，造成北极熊的栖息地的冰大量融化，进而造成北极熊数量大量下降，面临灭绝的情况。1What is the main idea of the passage?APolar bears cant die out in the next century.BThe happy summer of polar bears is disappearing.CContinuous global warming will cause the extinction of polar bears.DMore and more dead polar bears will be found off the coast of Alaska.解析：选C主旨大意题。根据第二段“Scientists predict that, if the current rate of global warming continues, most, if not all, of the bears floating ice will be gone by 2100.As a result, the worlds polar bears could face global extinction by the end of this century.”可知，如果全球气候持续变暖的话，北极熊的家园就会消失，它们也会濒临灭绝，因此选C。2Why do polar bears drift for hundreds of miles?ATo fatten themselves for the autumn to live longer.BTo find more floating ice, mates and better seals.CTo escape from global warming to survive the winter.DTo hunt for food and store up fat to live through the winter.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段的“They drift for hundreds of miles, finding mates, hunting for seals, and fattening themselves up for the winter.”可知，这些北极熊游荡几百英里，寻找配偶，捕食海豹，储存脂肪过冬，故选D。A项中的“for the autumn”，B项中的“more floating ice”，C项的“escape from global warming”与原文的信息不一致。3What can we know from the passage?APolar bears can also find food on land and escape from death.BThe earlier the ice melts, the better life polar bears will have.CThere will be only about 20,000 polar bears in 35 to 50 years.DDrowning is one reason for the decline of polar bears population.解析：选D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Besides, a growing number of polar bears may be drowning as they are forced to swim more often, and for longer distances, in search of ice sheets.”可知，淹死是造成北极熊数量下降的一个原因。A项与文章中的“the bears must fast (禁食) for up to eight months on land”矛盾，B项的描述与文章意义矛盾，其中的better应该是worse。C项中35到50年后有20 000只北极熊错误。4What is the writers attitude to polar bears extinction?AObjective.BSubjective.COptimistic. DDoubtful.解析：选A推理判断题。本文作者只是根据科学家们的研究，呈现了北极熊濒临灭绝的处境，以及造成这一现象的原因等，态度是客观的，因此选A。B项“主观的”，作者并没有表达自己的主观看法，C项“乐观的”，这与本文的整体思想矛盾，D项“怀疑的”，没有信息依据。BThere is no doubt that our lives wouldnt be the same without cars. But they can also be a problem, especially fossil fuel (化石燃料) cars, which have become a major cause of air pollution.So to help improve the environment, China is going to ban the production and sales of fossil fuel cars. Xin Guobin, Chinas viceminister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said research into the ban has already started, but it hasnt been decided when the ban will go into effect. “These measures will promote big changes in the environment and give motivation to Chinas auto industry development，” he said.The move is just one of Chinas many efforts to lift pressure on the environment after it promised to stop the rise in its carbon dioxide emissions (排放物) by 2030.Chinese drivers are already big fans of electric vehicles. Chinese auto companies including BYD, BAIC and Geely ranked among the top in the world in terms of electric car sales last year. And more than 40 percent of the 753,000 electric vehicles sold worldwide last year were sold in China.Meanwhile, the ban of fossil fuel cars is increasingly becoming a global trend. In July, 2017, the French government announced that France would end sales of fossil fuel vehicles by 2040 as part of the countrys plan to meet its goal under the Paris climate accord. And in the same month, the UK followed suit with a similar plan. It also set 2040 as its deadline to stop sales of new fossil fuel vehicles.“All of us who drive or use fossil fuel vehicles are contributing to the citys poisonous air，” John Tanner, a councilor in Oxford, UK, told CNBC. “Everyone needs to do their bit from national government and local authorities to businesses and residents to end this public health emergency.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。为了改善环境，减少二氧化碳气体的排放，中国将禁止燃油汽车的生产和销售。5Which measure will China take for environmental protection?AInvesting more in the development of auto industry.BForbidding the consumption on fossil fuel cars.CPromoting the sales of electric vehicles.DDeveloping and using green energy.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“to help improve the environment, China is going to ban the production and sales of fossil fuel cars”可知，为了改善环境，中国正计划禁止燃油汽车的生产与销售，也就是说中国将采取的措施是禁止在燃油汽车上的消费。故选B。6Whats Xin Guobins attitude toward the ban on fossil fuel cars?ACautious.BPositive.CDoubtful. DConcerned.解析：选B观点态度题。根据第二段中的“These measures will promote big changes in the environment and give motivation to Chinas auto industry development”可知，Xin Guobin认为，禁止燃油汽车的生产和销售会促进环境的改善，激励中国汽车工业的发展。也就是说他对这一举措是持支持的态度的。故选B。7What can be concluded from Paragraph 4?AChina may lead the trend in electric cars.BChina takes the lead in developing electric cars.CChina has an increased demand for electric cars.DChinas greatly raised its environmental awareness.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第四段可知，中国司机已经是电动汽车的头号粉丝，去年全世界销量中40%以上的电动汽车是在中国被卖出的。由此可推知，中国可能引领电动汽车的使用潮流，故选A。8What can be inferred from the last paragraph?AThe government takes full responsibility for environmental protection.BThe UKs made great achievements in environmental protection.CFossil fuel cars are the root cause of air pollution.DJoint efforts are needed to protect the environment.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Everyone needs to do their bit . to end this public health emergency”可知，John Tanner认为，从国家政府和地方当局，到公司和居民，每个人都应为结束这个公众健康危机作出努力。由此可知，保护环境需要人们的共同努力。故选D。CHurricane Babette reached the northeastern United States today and caused death and destruction everywhere. The killer storm carried winds of 135 miles per hour. The high winds and heavy rains, together with the force of the Atlantic Ocean, created extremely dangerous waves. It is not yet known how many people died or were hurt in this storm, but it is said that the numbers will be very high. The damage to homes, business and crops will run into billions of dollars. Now that the storm is over, the long, slow rebuilding will begin.With the arrival of the tornado season, the National Weather Service is again telling people how to protect themselves from these deadly storms. The winds from tornadoes are the most violent winds on earth. They can blow up to 400 miles per hour. A tornado looks like a funnel(漏斗). It is also very loud. It may sound like a train coming at you. In fact, the winds from a tornado can pick up a train and throw it around. If a tornado is seen in your area, it is very important that you protect yourself. A basement (地下室) is the safest place to go. Try to wait under a table in the basement. If your building does not have a basement, stay on the ground floor but lie flat under a bed or table. Stay away from windows. If you are outside or in your car, try to find a narrow place to lie down in.As the area tries to deal with the worst flood of the century, there are many heartwarming stories of people helping other people. From all over the world people have sent food and clothes to help the thousands who have had to leave their homes. Many volunteers have come to help to make sandbags and use them to build walls against the overflowing river. While the result of this disaster will be terrible for many, it is beautiful to see people coming together to help others and save lives, and property (财产)语篇解读：本文讲述了自然灾害带给人们的灾难及在这些灾难中自保的方法，还有人们在这些灾难中表现出的可贵品质。9What are the three short p