01 期末试卷A.doc

大学英语课程 期末A试卷 考试形式 闭卷考试用时 2 小时，本试卷共 6 页，另请加答题纸 1 张，草稿纸 / 张题号一二三四五六七八九十总分合分人得分Part I. Writing (10%)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Building a Harmonious Society. You should write on the Answer Sheet at least 120 words following the outline given below:1. 为建设和谐社会，有些人主张最重要的是发展经济;2. 另一些人则主张首要的是保护环境;3. 我的看法。Building a Harmonious SocietyPart II. Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (10%)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions.For questions 1-7, markY ( for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Family Patterns TodayThe institution of family is undergoing radical transformation. Families today are more diverse (多样性), heterogeneous (庞杂的), and unstable than in precious decades. Some of these trends are: Single-parent families 注意：试卷内容请一律写在密封线框内，否则无效。 共6页 第1页Among families with children under age 18, nearly 30 percent were headed by a single parent in 1991. Since 1960, this rate nearly tripled, from 9.1 to 28.6 percent. In about nine out of ten cases, single-parent families are headed by women. This drastic increase in single-parent families is largely accounted for by divorce and out-of-wedlock births (未婚育). Between 1970 and 1986, a 135 percent increase occurred in children living with divorced mothers and a 620 percent increase in children living with mothers who never married.Divorce In the United States, the rate of divorce has more than doubled since 1960. At current rates, we can expect about half of all marriages to end in divorce. The increase in the divorce rate was particularly steep in the 1960s and 1970s.The ever-increasing divorce rate is a source not only of single parenting but also of several other family forms more common now. Remarriage introduces stepparents into childrens lives and creates the possibility of having several families. Of children whose parents divorce and remarry, half will experience a second disruption to family life before reaching 16.Out-of-wedlock birthsWhile over a million children see their parents divorce each year, we must also look at out-of-wedlock births to understand the dramatic rise in single-parent families. In 1960, only 5 percent of all births were to unmarried parents. By 1991, it was 29.5 percent. For whites, from 1960 to 1991, the increase was from 2 to 22 percent; for African American, from 23 to 68.Out-of-wedlock births are showed by many social analysts in the high percent of children living in poverty, now above 20 percent for children under 18 ( it was 14 percent in 1969). When a child is born to an unmarried teenager, the probability of long-term poverty, often worsened by dropping out of school, is particularly high.Living aloneIn 1998, 24.1 percent of all households were a person living alone, compared to 13 percent in 1960. This is due in part to increased life expectancy. Before 55, the majority living alone are men; after 55, they are women.Intergenerational responsibilityThe current generation of parents must, in many cases, balance care of children with care for their own aging parents. It is estimated that women can now expect their mothers to live 55 years after their own birth and 30 to 40 years after the birth of their first child. Many analysts suggest that this added pressure disproportionately touches the women, who already carry major responsibility for their own children.Perhaps the most important issue that emerges from the social trends just described is the impact of family instability and single parenting on children. Some argue that single-parent families are a deficient form of family functioning. Others see them as a courageous, desirable alternative to unhappy two-parent families.On average, kids fare better in two-parent families. But a sizable percentage of children in single-parent families thrive, and many in two-parent families do not. What matters most regardless of families structure is what happens within the family.Particularly important is the familys ability to support and nurture, minimize conflict, practice democratic decision making, set and enforce boundaries, provide consistent and positive forms of discipline and model, and encourage values of caring and responsibility. Families should also provide access to structured activities ( e. g. church participation, clubs, organization, lessons) and a stimulating environment for learning (including parental involvement in schooling).While it is somewhat easier to deliver these in two-parent families, some single-parent families do succeed by drawing on informal and formal support systems from neighborhoods, schools, and churches. Our challenge is to discover ways to maximize the number of strong two-parent families and support all family efforts to raise healthy children, including efforts by single-parent families.Several themes suggest directions:Reduce divorce and separation rates. U.S. rates are considerably higher than in other industrialized countries, and we must begin reversing this trend. Greater attention must be paid to providing support and incentive for families to resolve conflicts and stay together when feasible. Marriage and parent education can play a role.Discourage out-of-wedlock births. Children born to unmarried parents are particularly susceptible to poverty. Community based educational efforts to describe the perils to this avenue to single parenting are crucial. Schools, churches, and parents must be the primary carriers of this message.Promote responsible fatherhood. Because mothers continue to bear primary responsibility for parenting, we must adjust societal expectations and norms so that fathers（married and unmarried) take responsibility for their children. If family disruption occurs, fathers need to be held accountable (legally and through social expectations) for economic, social, and psychological support of their children.Build strong support systems for children. The rise in maternal employment in all family types, combined with the rise in single parenting, calls for significant attention to building strong support structures for children and teenagers. As parental absence increases, youths involvement in school, church, and community organizations and programs becomes crucial. Many of these support systems are in disrepair.Address the economic issues. We need to recognize a critical obstacle for most single-parent families: poverty. Half of all single mothers live below the poverty line, versus one out of 10 two-parent families. A partial solution is to strengthen regulations mandating child support by fathers. Other ways to address economic needs include making it feasible for single parents to attend college or receive vocational training, providing social services that promote and support economic viability (独立生存，生活能力) and independence, ensuring that business have family-friendly schedules and policies, advocating equal pay for women, and providing affordable quality pre-and after-school care.注意：1-7题涂在答题卡上，8-10在答题纸上作答。1. The increase of children living with divorced mothers is more than that of children living with mothers who never married.注意：试卷内容请一律写在密封线框内，否则无效。 共6页 第2页2. It can be inferred from the passage that probably both divorce and remarry of the parents will bring great harm to children.3. It is implied that women live longer than men.4. Kids in two-parent families live much happier than those in single-parent families because two-parent families may provide better instruction.5. It is implied in this passage that school, church, and community are very important in the rearing of children.6. Some kids still feel well in the disrupted families because their fathers still take good care of them.7. The passage provides insights into the instability of todays families and comes up with some solutions to it. 8. Out-of-wedlock births in African American was more serious, in 1991, it was percent.9. When a couple get divorced, the father should also be responsible for the economic, social, and support for his children.10. The critical obstacle for most single-parent families is .Part Listening Comprehension （35%）Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Card with a single line through the centre.11. A. He needs a break from work. B. He needs some company of other people.C. He needs to be left alone. D. He needs somebody elses help.12. A. The man has been working so hard that he lost some weight. B. The man has been working in a gym for half a year. C. The man has lost some weight because of exercises in a gym. D. The man has not lost any weight because of working out in a gym.13. A. He is still suffering from the bad cold. B. He is recovering well from the bad cold. C. He is getting worse with the bad cold. D. He is getting better with the bad cold.14. A. He will go to reason with the construction workers. B. He will go to buy a new apartment to avoid the noise. C. He will go to buy some earplugs to relieve the noise. D. He will go to buy some earplugs for his lunch.15. A. The water is filled with hair. B. The drain is blocked with hair. C. The water wont go down from the hair. D. The drain is blocked with water.16. A. It was nice and quiet. B. It was crowded. C. It was a pleasant place to live in. D. It was noisy.17. A. He will be busy with his work. B. He will talk to the woman at some time. C. He will go to a scheduled meeting with the woman. D. He will be happy to talk with the woman.18. A. She thinks the movie is as good as she has expected. B. She is sorry for missing the movie last night. C. She is disappointed with the movie. D. She is satisfied with the movie last night.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A. He doesnt like the woman. B. The woman says a few words rudely to him. C. The woman talks the same thing to him every day. D. The man is disturbed.20. A. He kills pains with smoking. B. His habit of smoking has been formed from his childhood. C. He thinks his work and school are stressful. D. He believes that it helps him socialize with others.21. A. He must go to see a doctor.B. He must visit a practitioner.C. He must get some pills.D. He must consult a psychiatrist.22. A. She will make another plan to help the man. B. She will think of the doctors advice again. C. She will find out why the man started smoking. D. She will consider if she is going to marry the man.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A. The amount of snow. B. The amount of cloud covering. C. The wind condition. D. The temperature.24. A. The National Weather Service misplaced its spring and summer data. B. The weather patterns are more changeable in autumn.注意：试卷内容请一律写在密封线框内，否则无效。 共6页 第3页 C. Some forecasting machines do not work well in autumn. D. Experts spent less time studying autumn.25. A. He decides to change his forecast. B. He no longer believes short-range forecasting. C. He realizes that there is some value in long-range forecasting. D. He is so fascinated that he decides to study weather forecast.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) B) C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Card with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A. America has grown into a modern nation. B. America just started its industrial development. C. America finished its industrial development. D. America was very underdevelopment.27. A. He was taught at school. B. He was taught by a private tutor. C. He was taught by his mother at home. D. He was taught by his parents at home.28. A. He set fire to his fathers barn. B. He dropped out of school. C. He made experiments to shake the house. D. He set up his own chemistry laboratory. 29. A. He was successful with the telegraph business. B. He was having some financial problems. C. He was welcomed for his great inventions. D. He was not welcomed by his fellow workers.Passage Two Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A. For the research for the US military. B. For the research for a handful of universities. C. For the research for some government facilities. D. For the provision of information to its users.31. A. Companies have to develop sophisticated security measures. B. The access point for connecting Internet is hard to get through. C. The users internal networks are always threatened by illegal accesses. D. The outsiders always break into the Internet users computers.32. A. Conveniences brought to consumers through use of the Internet. B. Implications of increasing commercial use of the Internet. C. Security risks posed by commercial use of the Internet. D. Advantages of Internet banking vs. traditional banking.Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A. They are more rebellious. B. They are more likely to drop out of school. C. They are becoming worse as they grow up. D. They are anticipating the adulthood.34. A. People in authority should set good examples. B. The adult people should be persuaded to stop smoking first. C. Parents should prevent children from getting cigarettes . D. Health workers should work even harder.35. A. Children might get injured by physical punishment. B. Children might smoke just to rebel against the rules. C. Children might learn from the teachers. D. Children might smoke secretly.Section C Compound dictation:注意：此部分试题在答题纸上答题。Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Some people say that if you want to go into the recording business, “Its not what you know, but who you know, that matters.” My first (36) _to that is to disagree, but on second thought I must (37) _ that there is some truth in it. When you go for an (38) _ for a job in a studio, they will be interested in the (39) _ you have on paper but the really important thing will be that you can show you have had some useful (40) _.If you dont know anyone like that, look in the yellow pages for the (41) _ of studios in yours area. Go round to the ones that seem to be (42) _ and ask them if they need extra help. They will not want to (43) _you unless you have some previous experience, so tell them that you will work there for nothing, (44) _. 注意：试卷内容请一律写在密封线框内，否则无效。 共6页 第4页If they accept you, at first you have to make the tea or sweep the floor. When they get to know you and see that you like studio work, they may give you more interesting jobs and think of employing you. (45) _, but provided the studio is an active one doing music and speech work, you will be able to learn a lot about recording in a year. (46) _ .Part IV. Reading comprehension (Reading in Depth) (30%)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with 10 blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Card with a single line through the centre. You ma