9B 宾语从句.doc

初三英语寒假班讲义 3宾语从句I 定义：能够在句中充当宾语的句子.往往用在动词/介词之后，有时也用于形容词（sure, certain）之后。常由that, if, whether, who, what, when, where, how等词引导。如： I think (that) he can do the work well. 我认为他能把这工作做好。 Im not sure if/whether I will have time. 我不敢肯定是否我会有时间。 I dont know who has taken my pen. 我不知道谁拿了我的钢笔。 Can you understand what he said just now? 你明白他刚才说的话吗？ Did she say anything about how we should do the work? 关于这个工作我们应该怎么做她说什么了没有？ I dont think he can finish the job in too hours. 我认为他在两小时内完成那工作是不可能的。II 宾语从句三要素：引导词，语序，时态III 宾语从句的引导词1 that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略，引导的是陈述句。2 whether/if是否。和引导宾语从句时，可以互换使用, 从句须用陈述句语序。e.g. I was not sure whether/if she will come.但下列情况下只能whether不能用ifA 引导表语从句或同位从句时e.g. The question is whether the lecture is worth listening to.B 在引导主语从句时e.g. Whether this is true or not, I cant say.C 在介词后e.g. Everything depends on whether we have enough money.D whether后能紧跟or not ，if 则不能e.g. I dont know whether or not they will come to help us.E whether 后能直接接动词不定式，if 则不能e.g. She hasnt decided whether to go or not.3 what, when, where, how why who whose whom which等疑问代词，疑问副词引导宾语从句须用陈述句语序IV 宾语从句的语序：陈述句语序V 宾语从句的时态1 当主句是现在时态，宾语从句可以根据实际需要用各种时态e.g. He says that he came back the day before yesterday.He says that he has been back for two day.He says that he was watching TV then.He says that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.2 如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时，则宾语从句须用过去时的某种形式. A 如果宾语 从句的动作和主句的动作紧接着发生， 则从句用一般过去时e.g. Mr King didnt know when his son came home.B 如果宾语从句的动作和主句的动作同时发生，则从句用过去进行时e.g. He found that Tom was playing computer games then.C 如果宾语从句的动作发生在主句动作之前，则宾语从句用过去完成时e.g. They asked me when I had been during the May Day holidays.D 如果宾语从句动作发生在主句动作之后，则宾语从句用过去将来时。- The train is leaving now, but David hasnt arrived yet.- Well, he said he would come here on time.E 如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理， 其谓语动词则仍然用一般现在时e.g. The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.注意：在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，那么这否定应该前移到think, believe, suppose, expect等动词上；宾语从句练习一单项选择1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A. took B. take C. takes D. will take 2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou.A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been3 The students want to know whether they_ dictation today.A. had B. has . C. will have D. are 4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some.A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may 5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled6. Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty?A. who B. what C. when D. that7 I dont know _ they have passed the exam.A. what B. if C. when D. where8 I hardly understand._ he has told me.A. that B. what C. which D. who 9. She didnt know_ back soon.A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be D. if he will come10.I dont know _ he still lives here after so many years.A. whether B where C. what D.when 11. Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening?A. what B when C why D how12.He asked me _told me the accident.A whom B which C who D whose13.They dont know _their parents are. A that B what C why D which14.Please tell me _what last year.A.where does your sister work B. where did your sister work C where your sister works D. where your sister worked15.She asked me if I knew _A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it16. You must remember _.A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said17. Did you know _?A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after18. Could you tell me _?A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing19. Could you tell me_?A .where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in 20.I want to know how longA.has he been back Bhas he come backC.he has been back Dhe has come back21.Do you know?Awhat the news are Bwhat is the news Cwhat the news is Dwhat are the news22.I dont know _ up so early last Sunday.A. why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D. why he got23.He said _ there was going to be a meeting that evening.A.what B. if C.that D. how24. Dont worry. Ill show you _ .A. where is the hospital B. where the hospital is C. the hospital is where25. Can you tell me _ ?A. where does Lilei work B. where did Lilei workC. where Lilei works26. Do you know _ from Wuhan to Beijing?A. how far it is B. how far is it C. how long it is27. Do you think _ an English film tomorrow night?A. there is going to have B. there is going to beC. will there be28. Could you tell me _ it snows in winter in Australia?A. that B.which C. whether D. what29. I dont know if it _ tomorrow. If it _ , I will not go fishing.A. rains;rains B. rains; will rainC. will rain ; rains D. will rain ; will rain 30.- Do you know _? - Hes Toms father. A. who is he B. what he is C. who he is31. Will you tell me _?A. where Jack is from B. what does Jack do C. where is Jack working32. She didnt tell me what _.A. was her name B. his name was C. his name is33. Do you still remember _? A. that he said B. what he said C. what did he say二.句型转换。1).How does he get on with his new classmates? Could you tell me? (改为含有宾语从句的复合句)Could you tell me how _ _ on with his new classmates?2).What is he doing there? Mother didnt know. (改为含有宾语从句的复合句Mother didnt know what _ _doing there.3).Youd better ask your mother whether is it cheap enough before you try it on.(改错)4)Whats his name? I asked him.（改为含有宾语从句的复合句）I asked him what _ _ _.5)Why didnt he look happy? Could you tell me?(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)Could you tell me why _ _ look happy?6)Does he still live in that street? I dont know(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)I dont know _ he still _ in that street.7)Whose children is the old woman looking after?Did you find out? （改为含有宾语从句的复合句）Did you find out whose children the old woman _ _ after?8)The moon moves round the earth. My sister told me.（同上）My sister told me _ the moon_ round the earth.9) I think it is not going to snow tomorrow.（改错）10). Do you want to try something new。 Toms mother asked him.(同义句转换)Toms mother asked him_ _ _to try something new.三.将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。(1)These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.(2)Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.(3)There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know.Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.(4)Can they speak French? I want to know.I want to know _ _ _ _ French.(5)Are the children playing games? Tell me.Tell me _ the children _ _ games.(6)Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma ChaoMr. Zhao asked Ma Chao _ _ _ _ _ homework yet.(7)How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the picture?(8)Where did she park her car? Do you know?Do you know _ _ _ her car?(9)What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered _ _ often _ about.(10)Who knocked at the door so loudly? I dont know.I don t know _ _ at the door so loudly.四完成句子：1 我想知道他是否已完成了作业。I wonder _ his homework.2 我们不确定他们当时在谈些什么。We were not sure _.3 你能告诉我们现在几点吗？Can you tell me _ now?4 老师说月球绕着地球转。The teacher said_.5 他没有告诉她他在哪里工作。He didnt tell her _.6 你知道她家里有多少人吗？Do you know _ in her family?7 我要弄清楚我们是否将举行聚会。 I must find out _ . 8 他说他们已经赢了那场比赛。 He said _五、根据短文及首字母提示，填入适当的词：Welcome to the Mars shuttle! You will find a few u_ things in the bag under your seat. You can use them on our trip and a_ we arrive. Please take out your bag now and become f_ with the items in it. Your air