高考英语 阅读微技能训练 主旨大意课件.ppt

阅读微技能 3 howtogetthemainidea 主旨归纳题 主旨大意 问题形式 1 中心思想类themainpoint ideaofthepassageis thepassageismainlyabout thepassagemainlydiscusses whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage 2 标题类whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe 3 目的类theauthor smainpurposeinwritingthepassageisto thepassageismeantto inwritingthispassage theauthormainlyintendsto 周练3典型错题再现 eachofushasaplaceinnaturewegosometimes evenifitwastorndown wecannotbethelastgenerationtohavethatplace atthisrate kidswhomissthesenseofwonderoutdoorswillnotgrowuptobeprotectorsofnaturallandscapes ifthedeclineinparksusecontinuesacrossnorthamerica whowilldefendparksagainstencroachment 蚕食 asksrichardlouv authoroflastchildinthewoods 56 themainideaofparagraph2isthat a parksareindangerofbeinggraduallyencroachedb richardlouvistheauthoroflastchildinthewoodsc childrenareexpectedtodevelopintoprotectorsofnatured kidsaremissingthesenseofwonderoutdoors who supportingsentence kids 58 inwritingthispassage theauthormainlyintendsto a encouragechildrentoprotectparksfromencroachmentb showhisconcernaboutchildren slackofexperienceinnaturec blamechildrenforgettinglostincomputergamesd inspirechildrentokeepthesenseofwonderaboutthingsaround details paragraphideas passageidea howtogetthemainideaofapassage 1smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease illness cancer cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems forexample itcangiveonea smoker scough finally studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller cancer smokingisharmful isitworthit practice tip1 抓 主题句 2oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent ontheotherhand nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessionalcriminal andthemanwhoknows everything mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness so itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance themainideaofthispassageisthat a aninnocentpersonlooksmoreguiltythanaprofessionalcriminaldoesb themanwhoknows everything mayreallyknowsnothingc wearefoolishifwejudgeapersononlybyhisappearanced itisdifficulttotelltheguiltyfromtheinnocent so itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance 3doesitreallyhelpsociety orthevictim orthevictim sfamily toputinjailamanwho whiledrunkatthewheelofhiscar hasinjuredorkilledanotherperson itwouldbemorehelpfultomakethemanpayforhisvictim smedicalbillsandcompensatehimforthebadexperience thelossofworkingtime andanyotherproblemsarisingfromtheaccident ifthevictimisdead inmostcaseshisfamilycouldusesomefinancialassistance itwouldbemorehelpfultomakethemanpayforhisvictim smedicalbillsandcompensatehimforthebadexperience thelossofworkingtime andanyotherproblemsarisingfromtheaccident 4tomstudiedfouryearsattheuniversityofparisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation hetransferredtotheuniversityofberlinandgraduatedwithhonors harvardlawschooland later bostoncollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground heispresentlyacorporationlawyerinmiami florida themainideaofthisparagraphisthat a tom whohadstudiedatparisuniversitiesforfouryears movedtoanotheruniversity b tombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfromharvardlawschoolandlaterfrombostoncollege c tomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedatberlinuniversity d tomreceivedanexcellenteducation detail detail detail topicsentence atthebeginning attheend inthemiddle nocleartopicsentence forexample so therefore 完成 例 2 4 practice 45 whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage a tointroduceanewbusinessmodel b tocomparetwobusinessmodels c topredictachangeoftheglobalmarket d toadvocatesustainabledevelopment 高考试题 广东卷 peoplenowrealizethatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainableways thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts today sustainabledevelopmentisapropertrendinmanycountries inaddition wearealsoseeinggreatgrowthforsustainableproducts canacceleratethechangefromtraditionalmodeltoasustainableone butitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries tip2 抓 关键词 关键词 1 关注高频词 如例4 2 关注标志词 如例4 5 but yet however notonly butalso so therefore actually inshort show find suggest argue forexample suchas 其前的为主题句 其后的为主题句 itmayhelpyoutoknowthatthereisnosuchthingasaperfectspeech evenifyoudomakeanobviousmistakeduringaspeech thatdoesn treallymatter asyouworkonyourspeech don tworryaboutbeingimperfect onceyoufreeyourmindofthis youwillfinditmucheasiertogiveyourspeechfreely 54 whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage a howtobeaperfectspeakerb howtomakeaperfectspeechc don texpectaperfectspeechd don texpectmistakesinaspeech 相反信息 相反信息 相反信息 tip3 敲 选项 ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention colortv only 79 twodayssale hurry however whenyougotothestorereadytobuy youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothermodel amuchbettersetwhichis justrightforyou itcosts 395 thissalesmethodiscalled baitandswitch buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone buyingthingsonsaleneedscarefulconsiderationofthegoodsandthereasonforthesale 2 5m theparagraphcouldbeentitled a buyingatvsetb asellingmethodc buyerbewared tvonsale thissalesmethodiscalled baitandswitch detail detail detail 诱售法 giveanexample 1 以偏概全 太窄 局部信息 2 主题扩大 过于宽泛 与细节脱节 3 断章取义 以文中个别字眼 以次要细节冒充 4 相反信息 5 张冠李戴 属于a的特征放在b的身上 干扰项的特点 总结主旨大意题思路方法 1 抓 主题句2 抓 中心词3 敲 选项 完成 例 6 8 practice magellanwasfromportugal buthesailedforthekingofspain onseptember20 1519 heleftspainwithfiveshipsand240men afterpassingthetipofsouthamerica theyreachedthepacificocean onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust finallyinapril1521 magellangottothephilippineislands wherehewaskilled hismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheindianocean itwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedthecapeofgoodhope bythetimetheyreturnedtospainondecember21 1521 sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied 1 time 2 shipsandpeople 3 route 4 sufferingsanddifficulties a lackoffoodandfreshwater b hungeranddiseases c deaths theprocessofmagellan slongdifficultvoyage 5 success magellan svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball magellan svoyageprovedtheearthisround magellan smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship magellanwasfromportugal buthesailedforthekingofspain onseptember20 1519 heleftspainwithfiveshipsand240men afterpassingthetipofsouthamerica theyreachedthepacificocean onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust finallyinapril1521 magellangottothephilippineislands wherehewaskilled hismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheindianocean itwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedthecapeofgoedhope bythetimetheyreturnedtospainondecember21 1521 sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied magellan svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball paragraph1 magellan svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld paragraph2 theprocessofmagellan slongdifficultvoyage paragraph3 magellan svoyagedprovedtheearthisround magellan svoyage 例7magellan smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship magellanwasfromportugal buthesailedforthekingofspain onseptember20 1519 heleftspainwithfiveshipsand240men afterpassingthetripofsouthamerica theyreachedthepacificocean onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust finallyinapril1521 magellangottothephilippineislands wherehewaskilled hismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheindianocean itwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedthecapeofgoodhope bythetimetheyreturnedtospainondecember21 1521 sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied magellan svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage a magellan sdeathb goingaroundtheworldc theworldisroundd magellan svoyage toonarrow toonarrow toobroad proper 例8readingtodogsisanunusualwaytohelpchildrenimprovetheirliteracyskills withtheirshiningbrowneyes waggingtails andunconditionallove dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence accordingtointermountaintherapyanimals ita insaltlakecity thegroupsaysitisthefirstprograminthecountrytousedogstohelpdevelopliteracyinchildren withtheintroductionofreadingeducationassistancedogs read thesaltlakecitypubliclibraryissoldontheidea literacyspecialistsadmitthatchildrenwhoreadbelowtheleveloftheirfellowpupilsareoftenafraidofreadingaloudinagroup oftenhavelowerself respect andregardreadingasaheadache saidlisamyron managerofthechildren sdepartment lastnovemberthetwogroupsstarted dogdayafternoon inthechildren sdepartmentofthemainlibrary about25childrenattendedeachofthefoursaturday afternoonclasses readingforhalfanhour thosewhoattendedthreeofthefourclassesreceiveda pawgraphed bookatthelastclass theprogramwassosuccessfulthatthelibraryplanstorepeatitinapril accordingtodanathumpowsky publicrelationsmanager exampleandsuccessoftheprogram 6readingtodogsisanunusualwaytohelpchildrenimprovetheirliteracyskills 读写能力 withtheirshiningbrowneyes waggingtails andunconditionallove dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence 自信心 accordingtointermountaintherapyanimals ita insaltlakecity thegroupsaysitisthefirstprograminthecountrytousedogstohelpdevelopliteracyinchildren withtheintroductionofreadingeducationassistancedogs read thesaltlakecitypubliclibraryissoldontheidea literacyspecialistsadmitthatchildrenwhoreadbelowtheleveloftheirfellowpupilsareoftenafraidofreadingaloudinagroup oftenhavelowerself respect andregardreadingasaheadache saidlisamyron managerofthechildren sdepartment lastnovemberthetwogroupsstarted dogdayafternoon inthechildren sdepartmentofthemainlibrary about25childrenattendedeachofthefoursaturday afternoonclasses readingforhalfanhour thosewhoattendedthreeofthefourclassesreceiveda pawgraphed bookatthelastclass theprogramwassosuccessfulthatthelibraryplanstorepeatitinapril accordingtodanathumpowsky publicrelationsmanager exampleandsuccessoftheprogram 1 whatismainlydiscussedinthetext a children sreadingdifficulties b advanta