研究生英语 熊海虹编 上册 U3-2 自己总结版.docx

Europeans just want to have fun1.Walking across Boulevard St.Michel in paris last week，on the night before Bastille Day，I bumped into an old friend-an American who has lived in the city for 25 years-who told me he was taking up the tango. When I asked him why，he suggested I take a stroll along the Left Bank of the Seine，opposite Ile St.Louis，and so of course I did.法国国庆前夕(巴士底日)bstil，我在穿过巴黎的圣米歇尔大街时很偶然地碰到了一位老友一位已经在巴黎呆了25个年头的美国人。他告诉我说自己迷上了跳探戈舞。困惑之余，我就按照他建议的那样沿圣路易斯岛对面的塞纳河左岸溜达了一下，一探究竟。2.It was one big party. A drop-dead(a.极其引人注目的) gorgeous(a.华丽的、绚丽的) crowd was tangoing away in a makeshift，open-air(a.) amphitheatre. 那是一个场面盛大的舞会。在一块临时搭建的露天圆形剧场mfit上，一大群衣着华丽的人正跳着探戈舞。Nearby(adv.)，a multiethnic group was doing merengue. Hundred of others were tucking into(大吃) picnics by the river as a full moon rose in a cloudless(a.) sky.不远处，不同族裔的,mltienik人群跳着梅伦格舞mrege。一轮满月爬上了朗朗的夜空，另外有数百人在河边尽情享受着野餐。Much later that night，after a perfect fish soup in the Place des Vosges，I walked into the narrow passages of the Marais district and stumbled upon an impromptu(a.) block party. Someone had set up a sound system on the sidewalk，and the street was packed with people-straight and gay，young and old，black and white-dancing salsa.在孚日广场喝了鲜美的鱼汤后，夜色已深。我来到了玛黑区狭窄的巷子，不经意间看到(v./n. stmb()l蹒跚、跌跌撞撞)了一个即兴mprm(p)tu街区派对。有人在人行道上架起了音响设备，街道上到处都是人异性恋者、同性恋者、老老少少、各色族群。大家跳着萨尔萨舞sls。3.Europe is enjoying itself. OK，in late July，it always does. The weekend I was in paris，an estimated 500000 kids descended on(突然造访、袭击) Berlin for the annual Love Parade. Meanwhile，tens of thousands of families started their trek from the damp north of the Continent to their vacation homes in the warm south.欧洲人过的真自在。是的，七月下旬，一贯如此。我在巴黎的这个周末，估计有50万年轻人一下子涌到了柏林bln，参加一年一度的“爱情大游行pred”。与此同时，成千上万的家庭从潮湿的欧洲kntnnt北部，经长途旅行trek前往位于温暖南部的度假屋。But even when the sun isnt shining，Europeans seem to be throwing themselves into fun and festivity with unprecedented(a.空前的、破天荒的) zeal. Each weekend，central London is one great bacchanal(n.). Cities that for reasons of politics or religion were once gloomily(adv.) repressive-Madrid，say，or Dublin-now rock to the small hours.但即便不是阳光明媚的天气，欧洲人仍然能够以极大的热情zil投入到娱乐和欢庆当中。周末的伦敦市中心简直就是一个饮酒派对bknl。昔日受宗教政治桎梏，一度沉闷地，压抑的城市，如马德里mdrd(西班牙首都)和都柏林dblin，而今也要狂欢至凌晨两三点钟。In Prague the foreign visitors who get talked about are not the earnest young Americans who flocked(v.)there in the early 1990s，but British partygoers who have flown(fly过去分词) in for the cheap beer and pretty girls.在布拉格pr:(捷克首都)，人们谈论的外来游客不再是90年代初涌入的那些一本正经的nst美国年轻人，而是那些冲着廉价啤酒和漂亮妞儿慕名而至的英国派对客pt。This place that British historian Mark Mazower once called the true drak continent-and from whose curdled soul the horrors of fascism sprang(spring的过去式v.跳跃、弹起)-has become Europa Ludens，a community at play.这个曾经被英国史学家hstrn马克马佐沃称作“不折不扣的黑暗大陆”从它那腐蚀的灵魂中曾进出过法西斯fzm的恐怖hr如今却俨然变成了一个狂欢的欧洲，一个尽情享乐的社会。4.Funny. This is how the US was supposed to be. In a famous series of essays collected in his 1976 book，The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism，Daniel Bell noted how the decline of the Protestant small-town ethic had unhinged(a.) American capitalism from its moral foundation in the intrinsic value of work.想来可笑。这本应该是美国的模样嘛！1976年出版的丹尼尔贝尔的资本主义的文化矛盾一书收录了他一系列著名的随笔散文。在书中，他指出了新教prtstnt狭隘价值观(伦理)的衰败如何使美国资本主义脱离了(精神错乱的)nhindd它在劳动内在(本质的、固有的)ntrnsk价值中的道德基础。By the 1960s，Bell argued，“the cultural justification of capitalism【had】become hedonism，the idea of pleasure as a way of life.” This magazine agreed.早在20世纪70年代，贝尔就指出：“文化层面上的对资本主义的拨乱反正 (n. 理由；辩护；认为有理，认为正当；释罪)就是享乐主义hidnzm，让娱乐成为一种生活方式。”时代杂志同意这一观点。In a 1969 cover story entitled“California：A State of Excitement，“ Time reported that，as most American saw it，“the good，godless(a.)，gregarious pursuit of pleasure is what California is all aboutI have seen the future，says the newly returned visitor to California，and it plays.”1969年，时代周刊一篇题为加利福尼亚,klf:nj：激情之州的封面专题报道说，正如大多数美国人所认为的那样，“美好的，非神论的，集体的grgers快乐追求成为加州一切活动的缩影我已经看到了未来，一位刚从加州回来的游客说，玩是行得通的。”5.But the American future didnt turn out as we expected. While European cut the hours they spend at the office or factory-in France it is illegal to work more than 35 hours a week-and lengthened their vacations，Americans were concluding that you could be happy only if you work hard and play hard.然而，美国的未来并未变成我们期望的样子。欧洲人现在缩短了他们在办公室或工厂里的工作时间并延长了假期（在法国，一周的工作时间超过35小时则被视为违法），但是，美国人却得出结论：只有拼命工作、拼命玩儿，才能感到快乐。So they began to stay at their jobs longer than ever and then，in jam-packed weekends at places like the Hamptons on Long Island，invented the uniquely American concept of scheduled joy，filling a day off with one appointment after another，as if were no different from one at the office.于是，他们的工作时间变得越来越长了。之后，他们到像长岛的汉普顿区那样的地方度过一个拥挤不堪的dm pkt周末，并创造了独一无二的美国式的休闲理念排在时间表上的 (edjuld adj. 预定的；已排程的)快乐假期，即用一个接一个的约会把休息日塞得满满的，好像与办公室的预约没有什么区别似的。American conservatives(n.)，meanwhile，came to believe that Europeans desire to devote themselves to the pleasures of life and-the shame of it !-six weeks annual vacation was evidence of a lack of seriousness and would，in any event，end in(结束于、以告终) economic tears.与此同时，美国的保守派认为，欧洲人对享乐生活的渴求（真可耻！）和每年六周的假期证明了欧洲人缺乏严肃认真srsns的态度。他们还认为，欧洲人迟早会为经济（衰退）而悔恨流泪的。6.Why do Europeans and Americans differ(v.) so much in their attitude(n.) toward work and leisure？I can think of two reasons. First，the crowded confines of western Europe and the expansive space of North American have led(lead过去分词) to varied (v.使多样化) consumer preference.为什么欧洲人和美国人对待工作和休闲的态度截然不同呢？我认为原因有两点。首先，西欧拥挤的环境 (knfanv/n界限、约束、限制)与北美宽广的空间造就了不同的消费取向。Broadly speaking，Americans value(v.) stuff-SUVs，7000-sq.-ft.houses-more than they value time，while for Europeans its the opposite(n./prep./adv./a.).总体来说，与珍惜时间的程度相比，美国人更看重物质，比如：运动型多功能车、7000平方(square缩写)英尺的房子，而欧洲人正好相反。Second，as Bell predicted，Americas sense of itself as a religious nation has revived. At least in the puritanical(a.) version of Christianity that has always appealed to Americans，religion comes packaged with the stern message that hard work is good for the soul. Modern Europe has avoided so melancholy a lesson.其次，正如贝尔所预言的那样，美国作为一个宗教国家的自我意识开始复苏rvav了。最起码，基督教,kristinti的清教徒,pjuritnikl教旨教义(版本、译本)vn对美国人一直都有感召力，宗教中宣传这样一条严肃的stn训条：勤奋工作有益于灵魂。然而，现代欧洲却一直规避这条令人抑郁的melnkl训条。7.Whatever the explanation，the idea(理念) of a work-life balance is a staple(主食) of European discourse，