unitsyntacticstructure.doc

Upon his mind As soon as he began to workHe knows better than to mention it很明白很懂得而不至于When a child was rescued from the ruins ,he looked more dead than alive2 no more than不等于not more than&no more than(仅仅only) （初中）He felt no more than 5yuan in his pocketno more than 1.同类比较：与同样不不，也不例句a迟到一分钟和迟到半小时是同样不准时的。绝对公正和绝对真理是同样不可达到的。?Jack绝对没有john勤奋?He is no more clever than his father(他和他老爸都笨)2 异类比较Notany more than正如不,也不 b 没有爱的家不是家，正如没有灵魂的躯体不是人一样。A home without love is not a home any more than a body without a soul is a man A learner can no more obtain knowledge without reading than a farmer can get good harvest without ploNotany more thanBut his primary task is not to think about the moral code,which governs his activity,any more than(正如)a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business 3 not so much A as B 与其说a 不如说b -(Conj)Not A but B例句 海洋与其说分割了世界不如说连接了世界知识的力量与其说在于广博不如说在于广泛应用I lay down not so much to sleep as to think我躺下来与其说是睡觉不如说是思考Not so much as=not even 甚至连She did not so much as raise an eyebrow她甚至连眉毛都不动一下He did not so much as stir a fingerI have not so much (money)as you think我的（钱）没你想得那么多AsasNot soas4 no less than 不下 多达 简直No lessthan=asas 和一样Not lessthanThe Chinese are perhaps no less conceited than anybody else中国人也许和其他任何国家一样自负例句 a 这学期我写的论文不下6篇 （不下表强调 nolessthan的no有强调的意思）本书已被译成多达四种语言要这么多简直就是抢劫5 no other than/none other than/none but无异于我们能靠的只有自己（无异于自己）色不存在于空 空不存在于色Form is no other than emptiness 色不异空6 nothing else than 完全是 实在是Nothing less than医生的粗心大意完全是犯罪你的成功完全是由于你的勤奋 那人讲的话完全是一派胡言7 much less ,still less 用于否定 let aloneMuch more ,still more用于肯定我不能同意这种行为 更谈不到参加了=I could assent to,much more.他不喜欢音乐更不用说跳舞了Let alone Not to mentionTo say nothing of 8 anything but :far from ， not nearly 除了之外，什么都Nothing but 除了 都不是All but almost 几乎But for+n若不是 if it were not for But that+s if it had not been for所有的but 都是except的意思她听到这一消息是几乎晕倒了那绝不是真的If it were not for water他会帮助我们的如果他那天不是缺钱的话 if he had not been short of money at the time 若不是亲眼所见 我是不会相信的 if I had not see it，I could not believe it9 not nearly 远不及鼓励成功老行为的成功 远不如失败有益(Asas 第一个as是adv 第二个是conj He is as good as she )(as good as He is as good a teacher as your father )即使一次看似彻底的失败 也可以激发思路引起方法的改变Governor ,you are as good a politician as you were an actorEnglish is as important a subject as anyother subject10 canttoo cantover越越 再也不为过对工作越小心越好11 A as well as B=not only B but also A商品和服务交换不仅有经济意义而且有象征意义有时也=both A&B12 everHowever No matter howe 这个问题无论我怎么解决也解决不了wheneverno matter when wherever no matter wherehoweverno matter how*whatever:1)引导名词性从句：主宾表 同位A 名：:anything thatB 形 what：thethat :Allthat2)状从A名 no matter what(可表属性：adj.or n.)Whatever she did was right=anything that.You may do whatever you want to do B形 She would tell him whatever news she got(all the news that she got) (whatever she got-whatever作n . )College students are seen doing whatever work they can find.(主语补足语)whatever happens,the first important thing is to keep coolWhatever the said,hed disagreeDont lose heart(不要灰心) whatever difficulties you meetWhatever nonsense the paper prints,some people always believe it Ps:省略：may be/主/谓Whatever yourargument ,I shall hold to my decisionc -2ad -1b13 Make A of B 使B成为AMake A from BI will make a pig of myself 饱餐一顿Make fun of somebody 取笑某人我想儿子做科学家14 Everynot; allnot不是每一个;不是全部不是每一个都懂礼貌，并不是每一个人生来都是君子并不是这里所有的机器都是我们工厂生产的15 as it is1）句首的as it is 是事实上的意思In fact=句尾,as it is 2）句尾as it is 照目前样子 in its present conditiona 事实上没有比这状况更糟的了b 我更喜欢这屋目前的样子 保持原状 不要动它Take it as it is 随遇而安16 as it were换句话说 换句话说：So to speak /That is /That is to say He is ,as it were,a walking dictionary.朋友可以说是第二个自己孩子可以生活在一个和成人不同的世界里17 not+because三种理解主句从句1否定2否定3否否She did not marry him because she loved him1 她没有跟他结婚 因为她爱他2 她并不是因为爱他才跟他结婚3 她并不是因为爱他就跟他结婚Meet withMeet Dont lose heart whatever difficulties you meet withGive up seats in public transport 在公交车辆上让座Scientific establishment 科研机构个体企业家不见得是因为从银行那贷不到款才靠亲属的18 短语的分割Make use of (动宾介)We make use of solar energy in heating housesSolar energy is made use of in heating houses The use (that)we make of solar energy in heating houses is rather beneficial有些话说得不得体 敬请见谅The second aspect is the application by all members of society,from the governmentofficial tothe ordinary citizen,of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in the workbut:whonot/thatnot/whichnotthere is no man who dosent have his faultsthat doesnt have exception20 not A but BA&B可以是词 短语 句子a b 21 nothing is morethan¬hing is so as22 if only/only if 1)独： how I wish2)状从： 只要a 但愿我富有 我要是知道她名字就好了b 只要你尽力 你是能够学好数学的 只要我有另外一个机会 我将会做得更好Only if 类似于只有a 只有得到教师的许可学生才可以进入这房间b 蛇只有在受惊吓或受威胁时才咬人23 (just)as so正如。也 （前从后主）as rust eats into iron,so care eat into the heart（忧虑损伤心神）正如铁锈腐蚀铁24 命令句+and =If,命令句+or/else=Unless,Stir and you are a dead man=if you stir ,you will be a dead manHurry up,or/else you will be late=unless you hurry up,you will be late房子拥有爱那就是家 城市拥有正义那就是社区 红钻绿瓦之间拥有真理那就是学校25be it ever(never)so &let it be ever(never)soBe + 主语=whether or/no matter howBe he the president or a street cleaner,everyone is equalHowever/no matter how humble it may be ,home is home 不管是多么简陋的家 永远是家26 notwithstanding1)prep: in spite of n.Not n. with standingThink of.as.RegardasNameasAppointasElectasWhena)定 之前出现时间b)状 不是时间Wherea)定 地点b)状 不是地点The storage battery is thought of as a sort of condenser2)adv. NeverthelessNotwithstand,we should maintain friendly exchange with them3)conj. that out students academic level has been vastly enhanced,their full potential has not been (in spite of the fact that )completely stretched.27 in that 1)因为2)在于28as1)状从:a.特殊的状从:理解成定从状: as we call it定: as we calla) 新派的领袖人物坚持说 简言之 我们所称谓的科学革命 主要是一系列器具的发明使用和改进 这些发明使用和改进是科学的范围无所不及的eg:LaoWang as we call him ,is not old让步状语从句:名/动/形/副+as(though(多数)/because（少数）)+主+谓d 他虽穷 但绝不会 出卖自己的荣誉2）定从：a 非限制性定语从句 which/as （1）先行词：as 短 句 Which：词 短 句 （2）顺序（较先行词顺序）：as:前后3)语义as：如 像which：指代the peoples living standard has been greatly increased _ can be seen by the chartb限定性定从such/same/as/soI have never heard of such stories as he toldIs she the same person that/as I met yesterday29with +名+分：主 谓Our teacher comes into the classroom with books being under arm30not a little/not a bit/notin the least31 so .that32 rather than 1)preferrather than 宁可而不2).rather than与其说不如说33 it follows that.Happens as a result译成：因此可以推断因此家庭主妇也希望在不降低生活水准的情况下 有更多的自由时间 同样可以推断家里的佣人将彻底消失34 only to He went to the seaside,only to be drawnedTo be told-听说35 in so far as To the extent1)就而言2)到达程度3)在范围内4)只要36so.as to.Sothat-soas to结果：以致so that-so as to 目的：以便结果：以致a 以致b 以便