高三英语二轮复习 文章结构课件.ppt

1 文章结构题在江苏高考题中暂未出现 但是近年已出现在北京卷 安徽卷和重庆卷中 以后有可能出现 做好这种题首先要了解文章写作的基本结构 一篇完整的文章应该包括起始段 主体段和结论段 起始段应含有一个主题陈述 一般为第一句 主体段可能由好几个段落组成 或陈述或例证或辩论 每段一般还含有本段的主题句 结论段应包括最终的主题陈述 也有可能是预测 2 howroomdesignsaffectourworkandfeelingsarchitectshavelonghadthefeelingthattheplacesweliveincanaffectourthoughts feelingsandbehaviors butnowscientistsaregivingthisfeelinganempirical 经验的 实证的 basis theyarediscoveringhowtodesignspacesthatpromotecreativity keeppeoplefocusedandleadtorelaxation 3 researchesshowthataspectsofthephysicalenvironmentcaninfluencecreativity in2007 joanmeyers levyattheuniversityofminnesota reportedthattheheightofaroom sceilingaffectshowpeoplethink herresearchindicatesthathigherceilingsencouragepeopletothinkmorefreely whichmayleadthemtomakemoreabstractconnections lowceilings ontheotherhand mayinspireamoredetailedoutlook 4 inadditiontoceilingheight theviewaffordedbyabuildingmayinfluenceanoccupant sabilitytoconcentrate nancywellsandhercolleaguesatcornelluniversityfoundintheirstudythatkidswhoexperiencedthegreatestincreaseingreennessasaresultofafamilymovemadethemostgainsonastandardtestofattention 5 usingnaturetoimprovefocusofattentionoughttopayoffacademically anditseemsto accordingtoastudyledbyc kennethtanner headoftheschooldesign planninglaboratoryattheuniversityofgeorgia tannerandhisteamfoundthatstudentsinclassroomswithunblockedviewsofatleast50feetoutsidethewindowhadhigherscoresontestsofvocabulary languageartsandmathsthandidstudentswhoseclassroomsprimarilyoverlookedroadsandparkinglots 6 recentstudyonroomlightingdesignsuggeststhatdim 暗淡的 lighthelpspeopletoloosenup ifthatistruegenerally keepingthelightlowduringdinneroratpartiescouldincreaserelaxation researchersofharvardmedicalschoolalsodiscoveredthatfurniturewithroundededgescouldhelpvisitorsrelax 7 sofarscientistshavefocusedmainlyonpublicbuildings wehaveaverylimitednumberofstudies sowe realmostlookingattheproblemthroughastraw 吸管 architectdavidallisonsays howdoyoutakeanswerstoveryspecificquestionsandmakebroad generalizeduseofthem that swhatwe reallstrugglingwith 8 67 whichofthefollowingshowstheorganizationofthepassage cp centralpointp pointsp sub point 次要点 c conclusion 9 点拨 文章结构题 先看文章的标题 howroomdesignsaffectourworkandfeelings 可以知道重点是 how 再看第一段关键句 theyarediscoveringhowtodesignspacesthatpromotecreativity keeppeoplefocusedandleadtorelaxation 属于总起句 文章将从三个方面来阐述 第二段第一句 researchesshowthataspectsofthephysicalenvironmentcaninfluencecreativity 是主旨句 对应第一段的 promotecreativity 10 点拨 第三段的 theviewaffordedbyabuildingmayinfluenceanoccupant sabilitytoconcentrate 和第四段的 usingnaturetoimprovefocusofattentionoughttopayoffacademically 都是对应 keeppeoplefoc