第四部分 阅读理解.doc

第四部分 阅读理解（共计30分，每小题3分）2635小题：阅读下列短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个正确答案，并在答题纸上写出所选的字母符号。Passage 1 (2010年 7月、2008年1月试题 ) （答案1. D 2.D 3. B 4. D 5. C）Benjamin Disraeli, the famous nineteenth century prime minister, said, “London is not a city, it is a nation.” Today this is an understatement; London, with its vast range of different ethnic groups, is a world. Certainly, London is the most culturally diverse city in the world. The city was founded by the Romans and since then new arrivals have constantly added to its character and prosperity. Within 10 years 40% of Londoners will be from ethnic minority groups, including the growing number of Londoners of mixed ethnic origin, but most of them will have been born in Britain. Children of CaribbeanChinese marriages will go to school with children of RussianIrish couples. None of them will be English but all of them will be Londoners.Most of Britains ethnic minority residents live in the capital, speaking over 300 languages. Nearly all of the African population and many of the Caribbean population of Britain live in London (83% and 58% respectively); 39% of the Chinese population of Britain and 36% of the Asian population of Britain live in London. The largest migrant community is from the Irish Republic with 256,000 people, 3.8% of the total population of London.There are an estimated 330,000 refugees and asylum seekers living in London, with most recent arrivals coming from Eastern Europe, North Africa and Kurdistan.Young people, in particular, are skilled at dealing with a large number of different and hybrid cultures. They themselves often have several different ethnic identities since their parents and grandparents may come from several different backgrounds and their friends and partners do also. They are “skilled crosscultural travellers” without leaving their hometown.1Why does the writer think that Benjamin Disraelis statement is an understatement? Because he thinks London is _.A. part of the word B. even larger than some countries in the world C. not a nation at all D. a miniature world thanks to its great cultural diversity 2. London is regarded as the most culturally diverse city in the world due to the following facts EXCEPT that _. A. within 10 years 40%Londoners will be from ethnic minority groupsB. most of Britains ethnic minority residents live in London, s peaking over 300 languagesC. London accommodates about 330，000 refugees and asylum seekers from manyother countriesD. many young people are immigrants from different backgrounds3. Ethnic minority groups will make up _ of the London population in the future.A. 3. 8% B. 4 0% C. 3 9% D. 3 6%4. The last paragraph mainly tells us in London _.A. young people are from different backgroundsB. young people are raised in a multicultural environmentC. young people find it hard to adapt themselves to hybrid culturesD. young people feel at ease with a large number of diversified cultures5. The passage mainly deals with _.Athe advantage of hybrid cultures in LondonBthe composition of the population in LondonC. they cultural diversity in LondonD. the contribution made by the new arrivals to LondonPassage 2 （2010年1月试题） 答案：1. A 2. B 3.C 4.B 5.AAnna is our only daughter. My wife and I have two sons and Anna is the youngest in the family, but shes twentyfive now. Anna was not well when she was littleIt was a very worrying time and she stayed at home a lot，She was seen first by the local doctors and then she was sent to a specialist in Cardiff where she was diagnosed as diabetic. It was my wife who mainly to take care of her thenI am not very good at looking after little childrenI suppose I am a bit traditional in that way. But when she grew up a bit，we spent a lot of time together. We loved walking and talking and discussing lifeWe still love it today. We get on very well. Although she looks like me ( tall, dark hair, dark eyes and dark skin ), she takes after her mother: she is artistic and musical, and like her mother shes attractive.She loves looking after animals she has two dogs，three cats and a goatShe lives in a little house in the country. I like animals too. I like riding and hunting，but Anna hates huntingShe thinks its cruel. We discuss it a lot.She is quiet and a bit shy with strangers. I am more outgoing and I love meeting new peopleBut shes not boring actually，shes very funnyShe always has lots of stories of her life in the country. Shes an art and music teacher in a little village school.she is very goodnaturedAnna says we brought her up well，and she is going to bring her children up to be honest and loyal. But I think she was easy to bring upI dont remember ever telling her off. 1. According to the passage, when Anna was a child, she _A. got an illness B. was very queer C. didnt look like the author2.It can be inferred from the passage the author thinks looking after little children is _ . A. his advantage B. mainly a womans responsibility C. really enjoyable.3. What does “take after “ mean in the first sentence of Para. 2? A. Look after B. be different from. C. look like.4.My daughter and I have little in common in terms of _ . A. loving walking and talking B. character C. loving animals 5. From the passage, we can see the authors description of his daughter is _ . A .affectionate B. humorous C. criticalPassage 3 (2009年7月试题) (答案:1. C 2.B 3. B 4.A 5.C)A survey has shown that people have stopped believing both the media and politicians. A similar survey carried out 5 years ago showed that 50% of people thought that what politicians said was usually not true, and that 35% of people thought that what they saw on the television or read in newspapers was not true. Now both those figures have increased sharply, to 80% of people not believing politicians and 70% not believing the television or newspapers. Experts thinks that those figures are not going to come down in the near future.Stories about politicians and journalists taking money from businessmen have caused the public to stop trusting them. Also politicians keep making promises that they do not keep. Mr. Smith of York said, “When the politicians make new laws, they only help their friends, not people like me”. Mrs. Marley of Leeds said, “The newspapers and television are not interested in what is true; they are only interested in money for advertising”. It has got worse recently as more people can get news from the Internet and learn if the journalists and politicians are telling the truth or not. What can our politicians and journalists do? The only answer is to be more honest.1. The number of people believing politicians and journalists has_.A. Increased B. not changed C. decreased2. Experts think this problem_.A. will get better soon B. will not get better soon C. will get worse soon3. Stories say businessmen give money to_.A. Politicians B. politicians and journalists C. journalists4. Mr. Smith thinks politicians make laws_.A. to help their friends B. to help him C. to help everybody5. People can now check stories using_.A. the newspapers B. the television C .the InternetPassage 4 （2009年1月试题） 答案: 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.AAn Extraordinary Change of Direction Molly Wilson had been a dancer and a mother for many years when she decided to sail round the world to raise money for charity. As a child she had trained as a ballet dancer, but at 15 she had grown too tall for classical ballet, so she became a member of a pop dance team. She got married, and after she had children she retired from show business to bring them up. They grew up, and when they were 18 they left home. She says, “When I decided to do the roundtheworld race, my husband thought I was bored because the children had left home. He was also worried because I had never sailed before. I was not bored, but I had met some people who told me about the race. They had taken part in it, but they had only done one section, say, from New Zealand to Australia. I wanted to do the whole tenmonth journey.” Before Molly left she did a lot of training, but it hadnt prepared her for the worst weather which they experienced. She tells one story. “One night the sea was very rough and it was very cold. I had gone downstairs when a huge wave smashed into the boat and injured two men on the deck. One of the men couldnt move because he had broken his leg. They were taken to hospital by helicopter. That was the worst time.”By the end of October last year, she had raised more than 50,000 for charity. She says, “Sometimes I ask myself, what did I do? How did I do it? But then I think, its the same as being a dancer. Before I left on the trip, I had trained hard. I had got very fit and had prepared myself completely. Then on the trip I was simply a good team member.”1. What does the word “extraordinary” mean in the title? A. very ordinary B. very unusual and surprising C. not special D.extreme 2. The sentence “my husband thought I was bored ” in Para. 4 meant that my husband thought I felt_. A. dissatisfied because I had nothing better to do at homeB. annoyed because I had to wait long for my children to come back home C. happy because I could do something I was interested in instead of taking care of children D. sad because all the children left me when they grew up 3. The word “section” in Para. 4 most probably means here _. A. group of people B. part of the training C. part of the route of sail D. part of the job 4. Which of the following is nearest (closest) in meaning to “rough” in the sentence “One night the sea was very rough ” in Para. 5?A. not exact B. difficult C. not smooth because of huge waves D. pleasant 5. The last paragraph suggests that _.A. the qualities she needed for the trip were the same as those for a dancer B. many years of dancing had already prepared her for the sail completely, so she neednt do anything before the journey C. she should be kind to other team members during the trip D. she should not forget dancing during the trip Passage 5 (2009年1月试题) 答案: 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.CPeople all over the world today are beginning to hear and learn more and more about the problem of pollution. Pollution is caused either by mans release of completely new and often artificial (人造的) substances into the environment, or by releasing greatly increased amounts of a natural substance (物质)，such as oil from oil tankers into the sea. Whatever its underlying reasons, there is no doubt that much of the pollution caused could be controlled if only companies, individuals and governments would make more efforts. In the home there is an obvious need to control litter and waste. Food comes wrapped up three of four times in packages that all have to be disposed of; drinks are increasingly sold in bottles or tins which cant be reused. This not only causes a litter problem, but also is a great waste of resources, in terms of glass, metal and paper. Advertising has helped this process by persuading many of us not only to buy things we neither want nor need, but also to throw away much of what we do buy. Pollution and waste combine to be a problem everyone can help to solve by cutting out unnecessary buying, excess use and careless disposal (处理) of the products we use in our daily lives.1. The main cause of pollution is _.A. the release of artificial or natural substances into the environmentB. the production of new industrial goodsC. increased amounts of a natural substance D.our everincreasing population2. Much of the pollution could be controlled if only _.A. people would pay more attention to the problem B. governments would take effective measuresC. all sides concerned would make more efforts D.farmers would use less artificial fertilizers3. Food packages, bottles and tins for drinks can cause _.A. air and water pollution B. both a litter problem and a waster of resourcesC. to pay for the service D. to produce the receipt4. Which of the following can not help solving the problem of pollution?A. Cutting out unnecessary buying. B. Eating.C. Reduce excess use. D. Carefully dispose our daily products.5. What does the underlined word “litter” mean in paragraph 2?A. not manyB. serious problem C. bits of waste thingsD.industrial pollutionPassage 6 （2008年7月试题） (答案: 1. D 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. D)Some people think they have an answer to the troubles of automobile crowding and dirty air in large cities. Their answer is the bicycle, or “bike”.In a great many cities, hundreds of people ride bicycles to work every day. In New York City, some bike riders have even formed a group called Bike for a Better City. They claim that if more people rode bicycles to work there would be fewer automobiles in the downtown section of the city and therefore less dirty air from car engines.For several years this group has been trying to get the city government to help bike riders. For example, they want the city to draw bicycle lanes on some of the main streets, because when bike riders have to use the same lanes as cars, there are accidents. Bike for a Better City feels that if there were special lanes more people would use bikes.But no bicycle lanes have been drawn. Not everyone thinks it is a good idea they say it will slow traffic. Some store owners on the main streets say that if there is less traffic, they will have less business. And most people live too far from downtown to travel by bike.The city government has not yet decided what to do. It wants to keep everyone happy. Only on weekends, Central Park is closed to cars, and the roads may be used by bicycles only. But Bike for a Better City says that this is not enough and keeps fighting to get bicycle lanes downtown.1.According to the passage, bicycles _D_.A. are more convenient than cars B. are safer traffic tools than carsC. are ridden by most people in the U.S D.are the solution to some city problems2.The idea of special bicycle lanes is most favored by _B_.A. the city government B. some bike ridersC. people living far from downtown D. some store owners3.“Bicycle lanes” in the third paragraph probably means _C_.A. narrow passages between buildings for bicycles B. roads full of bicyclesC. special parts of the road for bicycle riders only D. roads for bicycles only4.Which of the following is not true according to the passage?A. Bike for a Better City members ride bicycles to work. D B. Sometimes accidents may occur when cars and bikes are on the same lanes.C. The Central Park is closed to cars on weekends.D. In New York City, many people use bikes as they have special lanes.5.The best title for this passage is _D_.A. Traffic Crowding in New York City B. Air Pollution in New York City by CarsC. Special Lanes for Passengers D. Solution to Traffic Problem in New YorkPassage 7 (2008年7月试题、2008年1月试题 、形成性考核册)答案：(1. D 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. D)Who will stage the games?Preparing for the Olympics Games is a huge undertaking. Just like the athletes, the host city spends years getting ready for the event. Before deciding which city will host the Olympic Games, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) has to examine bids from all over the world. Bidding for the games begins about ten years in advance. Without preparing a very strong bid1, a city will not win the competition to host the games. Beijing was chosen for the 2008 games from five bidders Osaka, Paris, Toronto and Istanbul.2Why does it take so long to prepare? Building the infrastructure costs huge amounts of money. Holding the World Cup in 2002 in Japan and South Korea, for example, meant that ten new stadiums had to be built, as well as many hotels and an improved transport system. In Beijing, after winning the bid the government began major construction projects the extension of the underground, the improvement of the airport and the building of new motorways3. Each host city must also build an Olympic village for the athletes. By planting trees and creating parks, the city becomes more attractive for tourists.Why do countries want to host the Olympic Games?Hosting the games has a major effect on the economy and brings international prestige to the country. Thousands and thousands of visitors come to the games and the host cities are permanently improved.1. Bidding for the Olympic Games usually starts _ before the games are really held.A. two years B. eight years C. one year D. ten years2. Beijing was one of the _ bidders for the 2008games.A. four B. five C. ten D.three3. The World Cup 2002 was held in _.A. Japan B. South Korea C. China D. A and B4. What construction projects did Beijing start after winning the bid?A. The extension of the underground. B. The improvement of the airport.C. The building of new motorways D. All of the above5. Why do countries want to host the Olympic Games?A. Because it has a major effect on the economy.B. Because it brings internation