2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练3.doc

2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练31.peacefully adv.安静地，和平地He died peacefully without any pain.他安静地离开了人世，没有一点痛苦。He was back in her arms and she could once again sleep peacefully.他回到了她的怀里，她又能睡得安稳了。剑桥高阶All the people in the world want to live peacefully.全世界的人们都想过平安宁静的生活。(1)peace n 和平，安详，平静in peace(peacefully) 安心地，平安地，安静地make peace with. 与讲和at peace 处于和平状态，和睦地(与at war相反)The two countries are now at peace after a 10year war.十年的战争之后，这两个国家目前处于和平状态。(2)peaceful adj. 安静的，和平的，宁静的a peaceful place/evening 宁静的地方/夜晚品句填词：(1)The war was a great danger to world p_.(2)I decided that I would go and make p_ with her.(3)We want to settle the problem by p_ means.(4)I want my children to be brought up in a p_ world.(5)We want the problem to be settled p_.2.deal v处理，应付 n. 量，数量 交易完成句子/单项选择这学期开始我们将有许多难题要解决。At the beginning of this term, well have many difficulties _. 他在大会上做了一次演讲，谈民间音乐。He made a speech in the university, _. 他很难打交道。He is _. We all know that, _， the situation will get worse.A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt withC. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with我们不知道怎样处理这些废料。We dont know _ to do with the waste materials.We dont know _ to deal with the waste materials. 对付小偷最好的办法是什么？Whats the best way of _ thieves?雨水把大量的泥沙冲下山坡。_ sand were washed downthe hillside by the rain. 每年在烟草上花去大量的钱。_ money is spent on tobacco every year.改错 Many a boy learn to swim before he can read._ Can you give an example to show how useful a puter is? Sure. _ people get _ information from it every day.A. A large number of; plenty of B. The number of; a lot ofC. Lots of; a lot D. Many a; a great deal of3.explore vt.(1)探测(未知的地方)We explored the newly discovered island.我们探测了新发现的岛屿。(2)探究(问题、可能性等)The economists explored all the possible ways to check the inflation.经济学家研究可能遏止通货膨胀的方法。More and more countries are _ mines under the sea.Aexpecting Bexcept Cexploring Dexplaining4.flight n飞行；航班Its an hours flight to Paris from here.从这里坐飞机到巴黎要一个小时。All flights to New York today are delayed because of bad weather.因天气不好，今天飞往纽约的所有航班都延误了。After the longdistance _，I felt very tired.Afly Bflew Cflight Dflow5.character n.(1)品德，性格(不可数名词)He is a man of strong character.他是一个个性很强的人。(2)人物，角色(可数名词)I find all the characters in his new play amusing and interesting.我发现他新剧中的人物都很风趣、逗人。(3)汉字，字体(可数)The characters look like pictures.汉字看起来像是一幅幅小图画。(4)特点，特征The two problems are quite different in character.这两个问题的性质完全不同。考点提示：in character合乎个性out of character 与个性不符in character with. 与风格相同(1)He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his _ was seen at its best when he worked with others.Atemper Bappearance Ctalent Dcharacter(2)The King is a man of good and noble _.Acharacter Bquality Cpower Dsource(3)They are twins but they have quite different _.Amon Bvalue Creward Dcharacter6.calm(1)n.(人)镇静；安静；(海，天气等)风平浪静，宁静After the earthquake，there was only a dead calm.地震后是死一般的寂静。His sick mother was taken good care of by the nurses and this brought calm to his mind.护士把母亲照顾得很好，这使他的心稍稍安定。(2)adj.(海洋，天气等)安静的，无风浪的；(人)平静的The sea was calm at the beginning of our voyage.我们出海时，海上风平浪静。He was calm when I told him the bad news.当我告诉他这个坏消息时，他很平静。Now keep calm everyone；the police are on their way.现在请大家保持安静，警察就要来了。剑桥高阶(3)vi.平静下来，镇静(常用calm down)vt.使平静，平息It was difficult to calm(down)the football fans.要使足球迷们平静下来是很困难的。考点提示：calm/peaceful/quiet/still辨析四个词作形容词时都含“平静的”意思。(1)calm主要用于气候、海洋“风平浪静的”，也可指人表示“安静的”，“镇静的”。The sky is blue，and the sea is calm.天空碧蓝，海上风平浪静。Although she was frightened，she answered with a calm voice.虽然她害怕，但还是用平静的声音回答。(2)peaceful指“和平的”，表示“没有骚扰和战争的”。a peaceful environment和平环境(3)quiet指“没有吵闹声的，没有声音的”，它强调“声音很低，很小”或“全然无声”。He had a quiet life.他过着宁静的生活。(4)still指“没声音的，静止的”。Stand still.Ill take a picture of you.站着别动，我给你拍张照片。(1)Lets go and _ your angry brother down.Astill Bcalm Cquiet Dpeaceful(2)Ask the children to keep _；its too noisy.Aquiet Bstill Cseparate Dquite7.debate v辩论，争论，讨论 n辩论，讨论完成句子学生们和老师正在辩论什么？What _ the teacher? 针对水价上升问题展开了激烈的争论。There is _ the prices of water problems. 8.declare v. 宣布，宣告 断言，声称完成句子他们宣布他为获胜者。They declared that _.They declared _.他们声明赞成我们的建议。They declared _ our proposal. 9.defeat v. 击败，战胜同beat; 反win 使失败，挫败，难倒 n失败同failure完成句子/英译汉我们以2比1击败了他们。We _ 21.这次考试完全把我难倒了。The exam pletely _. Our team suffered another defeat. _判断下列句子正误，并将错句更正我们以10分的优势胜了他们队。We beat their team by ten points._我们队赢了他们队。We won their team._ 10.deserve v应受，应得，值得完成句子这个问题值得考虑。The question deserves consideration. The question deserves _. The question deserves _.我们应该获胜。We deserve _. 答案:1.(1)peace(2)peace(3)peaceful(4)peaceful(5)peacefully2.to deal withdealing with folk musichard/difficult to deal withB本题考查省略句和非谓语动词的否定。B项等于if it is not carefully dealt with。what; how dealing with Great quantities ofA large amount of/A great deal of/A large sum of 把learn改为learns。Apeople为集合名词，形单意复，用a large number of或lots of修饰均可；information为不可数名词，用plenty of，a lot of或a great deal of修饰均可。3.C句意：越来越多的国家正在探测海底矿藏。expect期望；except除之外；explore探测；explain解释。4.C句意：在长途飞行之后，我感到非常累。这里需要名词，且意思是飞行。所以选flight。5.(1)D(2)A(3)D6.(1)B句意：让我们去使你那生气的哥哥平静下来吧。这里需要动词且也只有calm符合题意。(2)A句意：去叫孩子们保持安静，太吵了。quiet安静的；still静止不动；separate分离的；quite非常。7.are the students debating (about) with a warm debate about8.he was the winner; him (to be) the winnerfor9.defeated them by defeated me 我们队再次被击败。 won改为beat或defeated。10.considering; to be considered to win2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练41.traditional adj.传统的，惯例的In traditional Chinese culture，marriage decisions were often made by parents for their children.在传统的中国文化中，父母常常为儿女操办婚姻。考点提示：tradition n传统，常规，惯例follow/keep up the tradition 遵循传统break the tradition 打破传统according to tradition 据传统Theres a _ in our office that when its somebodys birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.A tradition Bbalance Cconcern DRelationship完成句子：(1)The MidAutumn Day is a _(传统的)festival of China.(2)“When in Rome，do as the Romans do”means we should follow the_(传统，惯例)of a country.2.include vt.(1)包含，包括Your responsibilities will include making appointments on my behalf.你的职责包括替我安排预约。剑桥高阶The price includes postage charges.这个价钱包含邮资。(2)把列在里面，算入，计入include.in/on/among.He includes me among his friends.他把我当作朋友。I include eggs on the list of things to buy.我把鸡蛋列入购物单中。考点提示：(1)including(介词)包含、包括(置于名词前)Seven people died in the accident，including a baby.七人在事故中丧生，包括一个婴儿。(2)included adj.(置于名词之后)Many people went to the party，me included(including me)许多人参加了聚会，包括我在内。contain/include辨析(1)contain指作为组成部分而被“含有”或“容纳”在内，是内容物的包括。(2)include指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去，是范围的包括。(1)This atlas(地图册)_40 maps，_3 of the Great Britain.Acontains；including Bincludes；containingCcontains；containing Dincludes；including(2)At least twenty people were injured in the car accident，three children_.Acontained Bincluding Cwere included Dincluded3.celebrate vt.&vi.庆祝How do people celebrate New Year in your country?你们国家的人怎样庆祝新年？考点提示：celebration n 庆祝；典礼；庆祝会celebrate Christmas/ones birthday 庆祝圣诞节/某人的生日have/hold a celebration 举行一个庆祝会in celebration of. 为了庆祝congratulate sb on sth /doing sth 祝贺某人某事/做某事congratulations to sb on sth /doing sth 祝贺某人某事/做某事congratulate/celebrate辨析(1)congratulate的意思是“祝贺”，其宾语必须是人，使用congratulate sb on sth 结构；也常用其复数形式congratulations。(2)celebrate的宾语是物，如节日、结婚纪念日、生日等令人欢乐的事情或日子。用congratulate，celebrate填空(1)We held a party in_of this victory.(2)I offered my_on his success.(3)We held a_to_his birthday.(4)In the_，we_him on his promotion.4.darkness n黑暗I can see nothing in the darkness.在黑暗中我什么也看不见。The city centre was plunged into darkness by the power cut.市中心因停电变得一片漆黑。darkness/dark辨析darkness与dark没有绝对的区别。但darkness常指一时的黑暗；dark表示经常或长时间的黑暗，用时须加the，另外它与介词at，before，after连用表示“黄昏”“傍晚”。keep sth in the dark暗中做某事keep sth dark 对某事保密keep sb in the dark 对某人保密用dark的有关短语填空(1)They all knew the truth.Only I was _ _ _.(2)Its wrong for them to keep it _ _ _.5.destroy v破坏，毁坏The building was pletely destroyed by fire.这个建筑物被大火彻底焚毁了。All my hopes were destroyed by his letter of refusal.他回信拒绝，我的希望完全破灭。They have destroyed all the evidence.他们销毁了一切证据。考点提示：destruction n破坏，摧毁destructive adj. 造成毁灭或严重破坏的destroy/damage/harm辨析(1)destroy常指毁灭性的破坏。(2)damage可指不同程度的损害、破坏。(3)harm一般指身心、健康、名声的损害。(1)The noises not only make it difficult to sleep，but they are _ damage to our houses and shops.Adoing Bmaking Cputting Draising(2)The heavy rain_the hope of a picnic.Adamaged Bdestroyed Charmed Dhurt(3)He was lucky enough to escape being killed in the accident，but his car was pletely_.Adamaged Bstruck Cfailed Ddestroyed6.serve(1)vt.为服务，效力We should serve the people heart and soul.我们应该全心全意为人民服务。(2)vt.接待，招呼(顾客等)The shop assistant is serving a customer.商店服务员正在接待一位顾客。First e，first served.先来者先被接待。(先来后到)(3)vt.端上(饭菜)，供应饮食serve sb with sth 拿来招待某人；供应The waiter served us with wine.服务生给我们倒酒。(4)vt.&vt.服刑，服役，担任职务The soldier has served in the army for 3 years.那个士兵已服3年兵役。The man served a long sentence in prison for his crime.那个人为他犯的罪要长期服刑。(5)serve as 担任(某职务)，充任；权当，当用He served two terms as president.他担任过两届总统。When they slept in the open，dry leaves served as blanket.当他们在野外睡觉时，干树叶就当毛毯用。翻译句子:(1)他服侍主人多年。_(2)他拿出水果来招待我们。_7.swallow(1)vt.& vi.吞；咽He had a sore throat and found it difficult to swallow.他嗓子疼，觉得咽东西困难。(2)vt.吞没；吞噬The waves swallowed up the boat.浪涛吞噬船只。(3)n.吞；咽Take the medicine at one swallow.一口把药吞下。(4)n.燕子One swallow does not make a summer.一燕不成夏。(谚语)完成句子:(1)Its difficult for you to _(吞下整个鸡蛋)翻译句子:(2)洪水吞没一切挡在它路上的东西。_8.mess n混乱考点提示： in a mess乱七八糟 make a mess 搞乱Your books and magazines are almost in a mess; go and put them in order.你的书和杂志简直乱七八糟，去把它们整理一下。Margies bedroom was in a _， with books and papers covering every possible surface.Alitter Bdisorder Cmess Drubbish 9.adopt v采纳；收养Our school has adopted a new teaching method.我们学校采用了一种新的教学法。They are not my real parents; I am adopted.他们不是我的亲生父母，我是被收养的。Those children had to _ their parents suggestion.Aadmit Badopt Cadapt Dadd10.honour n荣誉v给予某人荣誉an honour to sb 给予某人荣誉have the honour to do sth have the honour of doing s