新编英语教程6 Unit 4 The Lady,or the Tiger Part 1.doc

Unit Four* polish (l.2): make less rough / more graceful; refine 使(人、举止、仪表等) 变得优雅；使升华E.g.: His manners need polishing. 他的举止欠优雅。* sharpen (l.2): make more sensitive 使敏锐；使敏捷E.g.: sharpen sb.s mind / wits 使某人头脑敏锐* large: exaggerating; insightful; generous, forgiving; (archaic) (of behavior) unbridled; (of language) vulgar, coarse 夸大的，浮夸的; 有远见的; (废) (行为) 放肆的； (言语等) 粗俗的E.g.: large talk 大话 talk in a large way 讲话夸张a man with large ideas 高瞻远瞩的人 a large heart 宽厚的心 large tolerance 宽容* florid (l.3): (often derogatory) richly ornamented; having too much ornamentation 徇丽的，(过分) 华丽的E.g.: florid language / architecture 华丽的言辞 (建筑)* untrammeled (l.3): not hampered 不受阻碍的；不受束缚的E.g.: the old untrammeled days 逍遥自在的往昔* become (l.3): befit, be suitable to 适合；同相称E.g.: Her clothes become her. 她的衣服穿在她身上显得很匹配。He becomes his high office. 他的举止与他的高官身份相称。* exuberant (l.4): (of people and their behavior) overflowing with life and cheerful excitement; (of plants) growing plentifully; wild and excessive 生气勃勃的；热情洋溢的；茂盛的；繁茂的；极度的；过分的E.g.: Tom is an exuberant boy. His exuberant words filled us with hope.The exuberant foliage in the Botanical Garden is a great attraction to the visitors.an exuberant imagination 丰富的想象 be in exuberant confidence 信心十足receive an exuberant welcome 受到热情洋溢的欢迎 be in exuberant relief 大大地松了一口气 children in exuberant spirits 兴高采烈的孩子们a person of exuberant talent 才气横溢的人 exuberant zeal 狂热* withal (l.4): (archaic) besides; moreover; together with this 此外；而且* at will (l.4): as one wishes 任意，随意* be given to +n./gerund(l.5): be in the habit of (doing) something 有的癖好；有的倾向E.g.: be given to lying 爱说谎 be given to shyness 怯生 be given to long walks 有长途散步的癖好* bland (l.8): showing no strong feelings; gentle or causal in manner; suave 和蔼的，温和的* genial (l.8): kindly; good-tempered; pleasant; sociable 和蔼的；亲切的；友好的* hitch(l.8): a slight difficulty which causes a short delay 故障；突然停止；障碍 E.g.: There was s technical hitch (技术故障)somewhere, but I just couldnt put my finger on it. The performance went off without a hitch (= very successfully).* orb (l.8): heavenly body 天体* arena (l.12): the middle part of a Roman amphitheater used for public sports and fights (古罗马圆形剧场中央的) 角斗场；表演场地* valor (l.12): (especially formal or literary) great bravery, especially in war 勇武，勇气* assert oneself (l.14): act in such a way as to show ones power or authority 坚持自己的权利（或意见）；迫使人们承认自己的权利；显示自己的权威（或威力）E.g.: Women began to assert themselves (显示出自己的力量)and demand equal pay for equal work in the middle of the nineteenth century.Justice will assert itself. 正义必然会得到伸张。* rhapsody (l.15)(Note 7): (often plural with singular meaning) (sometimes derogatory) an expression of (too) great praise and wild excitement 狂热赞词；狂喜，狂欢E.g.: She went into rhapsodies (a rhapsody) over the beauty of the scene. 她大谈特谈那一胜景。She experienced the rhapsody of first love. 她经历了初恋的热狂。* amphitheater (l.18): oval or circular unroofed building with rows of seats rising in steps all round an open space, used for presenting entertainments 圆形剧场；竞技场 * poetic justice (l.19)(Note 10): an outcome in which vice is punished and virtue rewarded* chance (l.21)(Note 11): the force that seems to make things happen without cause or reason; luck; good or bad fortune 机缘；命运；幸运；侥幸E.g.: leave it to chance 听其自然He will leave nothing to chance in his planning. 他在设计中不存任何侥幸之心。* from afar (l.25): from a great distance 从远处* emanate from (l.25): (formal) (especially of something nonmaterial) come out fromE.g.: A feeling of sympathy emanated from her when she saw a disabled child move along with difficulty.Fragrance emanates from flowers. 花朵散发芬芳。 * barleycorn (l.12)(Note 12): a grain of barley 大麦粒；大麦; 旧时长度单位（=1/3英寸）every barleycorn = every inch: completely; in all ways 在各方面；完全，彻底E.g.: He looked every inch the famed actor. 他看上去完全是一副名演员的派头。* allegiance (l.26)(Note 13): loyalty, faith, and dutiful support to a king, country, idea, etc. 忠诚，效忠E.g.: swear full allegiance to the nation 宣誓赤胆效忠祖国owe allegiance to the Communist Party 矢志忠于共产党* ingraft (l.27)(Note 14): also engraft, implant; transplant 嫁接；移植E.g.: ingraft a new rose on a wild rose 把新品种玫瑰的枝条嫁接在野玫瑰上Thrift is engrafted in his character. 节俭已成了他的习性。 * court (l.30): the officials, noblemen, servants, etc., who attend a king or queen (总称) 朝臣，侍臣* be subject to (l.35): be dependent on, be controlled by 受支配E.g.: The project is subject to the approval of the school board. 该项目需得到校董事会的批准。All citizens are subject to the law of the country. 所有公民都必须遵守国家法律。All men are subject to death. 人总有一死。* doleful (l.39): sad in a self-pitying way; causing or expressing unhappiness or low spirits忧郁的；悲伤的;不高兴的E.g.: a doleful face 愁苦的脸 a doleful cry 悲痛的喊声 Dont be so doleful. 别这样垂头丧气。* wail (l.39): n.&v. make a usually long cry or sound suggesting grief or pain 恸哭，嚎啕E.g.: The baby wailed for his mother. 那婴儿啼哭着要妈妈。* downcast (l.41): having or showing low spirits or sadness; directed downwards 垂头丧气的，沮丧的；低垂的E.g.: a downcast expression 垂头丧气的表情She sat there quietly with downcast eyes. 她两眼低垂静静地坐在那儿。* wend ones way (l.41)(Note 15): (formal) literary (wended or (古)went)（古）去；（诗）向而进travel over a distance, esp. slowlyE.g. He wended his way to the riverside. 他走向河边。* dire (l.42)(Note 42): dreadful, terrible 可怕的，悲惨的E.g.: a dire calamity 可怕的灾难 dire news 噩耗 * retribution (l.48): (formal) deserved punishment 惩罚；（宗教）（来世）报应E.g.: divine retribution for evil deeds 恶行的天罚 Retribution will quickly follow. 报应必将随之降临。* exercises (l.48)(Note 19): (AmE) a set of events including speeches, giving of prizes, and various ceremonies 仪式；典礼；答辩，口试E.g.: opening exercises 开幕仪式 commencement (graduation) exercises 毕业典礼* air (l.51): tune, melody 曲调，旋律；乐曲E.g.: an old Scottish air 一支古老的苏格兰曲调* epithalamic (l.51)(Note 21): celebrating a marriage epithalamium (plural: epithalamiums or epithalamia): song or poem celebrating a marriage (献给新郎、新娘的) 新婚喜歌或颂诗* tread / trip a measure (l.51)(Note 21): (informal and archaic) dance (with someone)E.g.: The musicians had almost stopped playing by the time he gained the courage to ask if she would tread a measure with him.measure: dance (古) (尤指缓慢而庄重的) 舞蹈；舞步* solemnize (l.52): perform (especially a marriage) with formal religious ceremony 隆重庆祝（或纪念）；为举行宗教仪式 E.g.: The marriage was solemnized in the cathedral. 婚礼在大教堂按宗教仪式举行。 * peal (l.53)(Note 22): the sound of loud ringing of bells; a loud, long sound or number of sounds one after the other 响亮持久的声音；钟乐E.g.: peals of laughter /mirth 阵阵欢笑声 a peal of thunder 一声响雷 the peal of victory 胜利的钟声* hurrah (l.53): also hooray and hurray, a shout of joy or approval (表示高兴、满意、鼓励等的呼喊声) 好哇；万岁；叫好声；欢呼声* strew (strewed, strewn)(l.54): scatter 撒，散播；使散落E.g.: They strewed seeds in the garden. 他们在园子里播种。* tribunal (l.60): a court of justice with powers to settle certain types of dispute (被授权解决某种纠纷的) 特别法庭; 裁决，公断E.g.: the Hague (/heig/)Tribunal 海牙国际仲裁法庭 go on trial before a military tribunal 在军事法庭上受审* hilarious (l.66): joyous, jubilant 兴高采烈的；欢闹的，狂欢的; 引人发笑的E.g.: We had a hilarious time at our Alumni Reunion the other day.Syn.: gay/gleeful/merry/blissful/cheerful/glad/happy * lend (l.66): give as an additional quality 给予；添加；提供E.g.: The performance of the trio lent great excitement to the party.A fire lends cheer to a room. 炉火给房间增添生气。A. scatter litter strew straggle1) scatter: vt. To cause to separate and go in different directions 散开To distribute loosely by or as if by sprinkling; strew 散落；洒；散播(Physics) To deflect (radiation or particles) 散射；使（辐射或微粒）转向scattering confetti from the upper windows. 从上层的窗户向下洒五彩碎纸 vi. To separate and go in different directions; disperse 散开；驱散To occur or fall at widely spaced intervals 零落出现；零落落下 n. The act of scattering or the condition of being scattered 散开的动作或状态Something scattered 散开物2) litter: vt. To give birth to (a litter) 产（幼仔）To make untidy by discarding rubbish carelessly 随意弃置垃圾而导致零乱To scatter about 乱扔To supply (animals) with litter for bedding or floor covering 用草等给（动物）铺窝或垫床e.g. Selfish picnickers litter the beach with food wrappers. 自私的野餐者乱扔包装纸使海滩杂乱不堪。litter towels all over the locker room 乱扔在更衣室里的毛巾v.i. To give birth to a litter 产仔 To scatter litter 乱扔杂物e.g. No littering.3) strew vt. (strewed; strewed, strewn stru:n)To cover (an area or a surface) with things scattered or sprinkled撒(某物)于面上(over); 遮蔽(表面)(with)To spread here and there; scatter 撒播; 点缀e.g. strew flowers over a path把花撒在路上strew a path with flowers用花点缀路面Autumn leaves strewed the lawn.草地上撒满了秋叶。4) straggle vi&n To stray or fall behind.迷路;落伍To proceed or spread out in a scattered or irregular group. 散乱行进；(路、河等)蜿蜒e.g. Cows straggled along the lane.牛散乱地走在小路上。Vines straggled over the yard. 葡萄树在院子里蔓生。B) old olden elderly aged1) old 老（年）的通用词（general word），用于指人或动物时，意示已进入晚年，生命临近结束，但用于物或寓意，则指已存在或使用了很长时间。e.g. Getting old does not necessarily mean getting wiser.Suffering makes one old before his time. 苦难使人老得快。2) olden Of, relating to, or belonging to time long past; old or ancient 古时的，往昔的olden days.往昔岁月e.g. in (the) olden days (=in olden times) 古昔, 从前3) elderly 近老年的 (euph.) often suggests getting near old age, said only of a person.e.g. My father is getting elderly now and cant walk very fast.4) aged 年老的stronger in tone than old, implies a state of senility (年老衰弱), said of man or animals, can be used only as an attributive (定语) or the aged.e.g. This is a home for the aged. 老年之家或养老院。C) achieve acquire attain gain procure reach succeed1) achieve vt. 达/得到（目的、胜利、成就）is often used to emphasize the reaching of an intended goal, usu. through sustained effort, and with certain ways,