Microsoft Visual C# 2010 常见各类控制台应用程序.doc

实验2：控制台应用程序练习一、实验目的：、熟悉MicrosoftVisualC#2010常见各类控制台应用程序二、实验内容：1、 数据类型转换/类型转换，包括隐式转换和显式转换using System;class TypeTrans public static void Main() /隐式转换，int到long和float到double Console.WriteLine(隐式转换：); int iValue = int.MaxValue; long lValue = iValue; Console.WriteLine(int 0-long 1, iValue, lValue); float fValue = float.MaxValue; double dValue = fValue; Console.WriteLine(float 0-double 1, fValue, dValue); Console.WriteLine(显式转换：); int iValue2=(int)lValue;/在表示范围之内，转换成功 Console.WriteLine(long 0-int 1,lValue,iValue2); lValue=lValue+1; int iValue3 = (int)lValue;/不在表示范围之内，转换不成功 Console.WriteLine(long 0-int 1, lValue, iValue3); /显式转换溢出检查机制 Console.WriteLine(不使用溢出检查的溢出转换：); byte bValue=(byte)iValue; Console.WriteLine(int 0-byte 1,iValue,bValue); Console.WriteLine(使用溢出检查后的溢出转换：); byte bValue2=checked(byte)iValue);/此处会抛出异常 2、 枚举类型与结构体类型/枚举类型与结构体类型using System;class ID /定义枚举类型 public enum sex male, female ; /定义电话薄的结构体类型 public struct TelBook public string name; public sex sex; public string number; /每一行打印一位用户的电话本信息 public static void TelPrint(TelBook Someone) Console.WriteLine(S + t); Console.WriteLine(Someone.sex + t); Console.WriteLine(Someone.number + tn); public static void Main() TelBook Joey, Rose; J = Joey; Joey.sex = sex.male; Joey.number = 1234567; R = Rose; Rose.sex = sex.female; Rose.number = 7654321; TelPrint(Joey); TelPrint(Rose); Console.ReadKey(); 3、 数组/数组/声明数据时，方括号必须紧跟在类型后面，而不是在标识符后面/数组的大小不是其类型的一部分，声明数组后，可以用任意数组对它赋值，不用管数组长度如何using System;class ArrayApp public static void Main() Console.WriteLine(一维数组演示：); int arr1=new int8,13,36,30,9,23,47,81; int odd=0; int even=0; foreach(int i in arr1) if(i%2=0) even+; else odd+; Console.WriteLine(共有0个偶数，1个奇数,even,odd); Console.WriteLine(二维数组演示：); int , arr2=new int3,44,2,1,7,1,5,4,9,1,3,1,4; for(int r=0;r3;r+) for(int c=0;c4;c+) Console.Write(arr2r,c+t); Console.WriteLine(); Console.ReadKey(); 4、 类举例/从定义上讲，类是一种数据结构，可包含数据成员、函数成员以及其它的嵌套类型/其中的数据成员有常量、字段/函数成员类型有方法、属性、事件、索引器、运算符、实例构造函数、静态构造函数和析构函数等using System;public class Desk protected int length; protected int width; protected int height; public Desk() length = 0; width = 0; height = 0; public void SetInfo(int len, int wid, int hei) length = len; width = wid; height = hei; public void ShowInfo() Console.WriteLine(长0t宽1t高2t, length, width, height); public class Furniture : Desk private int price; public Furniture() price = 0; public void SetInfo(int len, int wid, int hei, int pri) length = len; width = wid; height = hei; price = pri; public void SetPri(int pri) price = pri; public new void ShowInfo() Console.WriteLine(长=0t宽=1t高=2t价格=3, length, width, height, price); class Test public static void Main() Desk desk = new Desk(); desk.ShowInfo(); desk.SetInfo(10, 20, 30); desk.ShowInfo(); Console.ReadKey(); Furniture furniture = new Furniture(); furniture.ShowInfo(); furniture.SetPri(288); furniture.ShowInfo(); furniture.SetInfo(100, 200, 300, 400); furniture.ShowInfo(); Console.ReadKey(); 5、 位运算/位运算using System;class BitCal public static void Main() int oper1=26; int oper2=52; int andres=oper1&oper2; Console.WriteLine(0:x8t与t1:x8t=t2:x8, oper1, oper2, andres); int orres = oper1 | oper2; Console.WriteLine(0:x8t或t1:x8t=t2:x8, oper1, oper2, orres); int xorres = oper1 oper2; Console.WriteLine(0:x8t异或t1:x8t=t2:x8, oper1, oper2, xorres); int notres = oper1; Console.WriteLine(0:x8t的反t=t1:x8, oper1, notres); int leftres = oper1 1; Console.WriteLine(0:x8t右移一位的结果t=t1:x8, oper1, rightres); Console.ReadKey(); 6、 操作符重载/操作符重载using System;class Vector private double xvector; private double yvector; public Vector(double x, double y) xvector = x; yvector = y; public double GetLength() double length = Math.Sqrt(xvector * xvector + yvector * yvector); return length; public static bool operator =(Vector x, Vector y) return (x.xvector = y.xvector) & (x.yvector = y.yvector); public static bool operator !=(Vector x, Vector y) return (!(x = y); public static bool operator (Vector x, Vector y) return x.GetLength() y.GetLength(); public static bool operator (Vector x, Vector y) return x.GetLength() =(Vector x, Vector y) return x.GetLength() = y.GetLength(); public static bool operator =(Vector x, Vector y) return x.GetLength() vec2); Console.WriteLine(向量1tt向量2：t0, vec1 = vec2); Console.WriteLine(向量1tt向量2：t0, vec1 vec2); Console.WriteLine(向量1tt向量2：t0, vec1 = vec2); Console.WriteLine(向量1t!t向量2：t0, vec1 != vec2); Console.ReadKey(); 7、 虚方法/虚方法/如果在声明中包含了修饰符virtual，那么该方法就是一个虚方法。/虚方法的实现会随子类的改变而改变，子类虚方法的实现过程叫做重载/虚方法与其它方法的差别在于虚方法只有在程序运行中才能确定具体的实现方法，而其它方法在编译时就可以确定using System;public class Graph protected double ParaVal; protected double pi = 3.1415926; public Graph(double Para) ParaVal = Para; public virtual double Area() return ParaVal; public class Square : Graph public Square(double Para) : base(Para) public override double Area() return ParaVal * ParaVal; public class EqTriangle:Graph public EqTriangle(double Para):base(Para) public override double Area() return ParaVal*ParaVal*Math.Sin(pi/3)/2; public class Circle : Graph public Circle(double Para) : base(Para) public override double Area() return pi * ParaVal * ParaVal; class Test public static void Main() double length = 6; Graph init = new Graph(length); Graph squa = new Square(length); Graph tria = new EqTriangle(length); Graph circle = new Circle(length); Console.WriteLine(原始图形面积：t0, init.Area(); Console.WriteLine(正方形面积：t0, squa.Area(); Console.WriteLine(等边三角形面积：t0, tria.Area(); Console.WriteLine(圆形面积：t0, circle.Area(); Console.ReadKey(); 8、 链表/链表/C#没有指针，它是用引用来实现这样的功能，可以定义如下类来实现链表中的节点：/ public class Node/ / public Object data;/ public Node next;/ using System;using System.IO;/构成链表的节点定义public class Node public Object data; public Node next; public Node(object d) data = d; next = null; public class List private Node Head = null; private Node Tail = null; private Node Pointer = null; private int Length = 0; /清空整个链表 public void deleteAll() Head = null; Tail = null; Pointer = null; Length = 0; /复位链表，使第一个节点成为当前节点 public void reset() Pointer = null; /判断链表是否为空 public bool isEmpty() return (Length = 0); /判断当前节点是否为最后一个节点 public bool isEnd() if (Length = 0) throw new System.Exception(); else if (Length = 1) return true; else return (cursor() = Tail); /返回当前节点的下一个节点的值，并使其成为当前节点 public Object nextNode() if (Length = 1) throw new System.Exception(); else if (Length = 0) throw new System.Exception(); else Node temp = cursor(); Pointer = temp; if (temp != Tail) return (temp.next.data); else throw new System.Exception(); /返回当前节点的值 public Object currentNode() Node temp = cursor(); return temp.data; /在当前节点前插入一个节点，并使其成为当前节点 public void insert(Object d) Node e = new Node(d); if (Length = 0) Tail = e; Head = e; else Node temp = cursor(); e.next = temp; if (Pointer = null) Head = e; else Pointer.next = e; Length+; /返回链表大小 public int size() return Length; /删除当前结点，并将下一个节点置为当前节点 /如果删除的是最后一个节点，则将第一个节点置为当前节点 public Object remove() Object temp; if (Length = 0) throw new System.Exception(); else if (Length = 1) temp = Head.data; deleteAll(); else Node cur = cursor(); temp = cur.data; if (cur = Head) Head = cur.next; else if (cur = Tail) Pointer.next = null; Tail = Pointer; reset(); else Pointer.next = cur.next; Length-; return temp; /返回当前节点指针 private Node cursor() if (Head = null) throw new System.Exception(); else if (Pointer = null) return Head; else return Pointer.next; /链表简单应用举例 public static void Main() List a = new List(); for (int i = 1; i = 10; i+) a.insert(new IntPtr(i); Console.WriteLine(a.currentNode(); while (!a.isEnd() Console.WriteLine(a.nextNode(); a.reset(); while (!a.isEnd() a.remove(); a.remove(); a.reset(); if (a.isEmpty() Console.WriteLine(链表中无节点！); Console.WriteLine(按回车键退出.); try Console.Read(); catch (IOException e) 9、 回文数/回文数，即顺读和倒读结果相同using System;class Palindrome public static void Main() int num; string x; int sfjx =1; while (sfjx !=0) Console.WriteLine(请输入一下正整数以判断其是否为回文数：); x = Console.ReadLine(); if (x.Length = 0) num = 0; else num = int.Parse(x); Show(num); Console.WriteLine(是否继续(0-结束，其它-继续)？); x = Console.ReadLine(); if (x.Length = 0) sfjx = 1; else sfjx=int.Parse(x); Console.ReadKey(); public static bool isPalin(int val) string s; s = val.ToString(); char x, y; bool flag = true; for (int i = 0; (i s.Length) & flag; i+) x = si; y = ss.Length-1-i; if (x != y) flag = false; return flag; public static void Show(int val) if (isPalin(val) Console.WriteLine(0t是回文数!, val); else Console.WriteLine(0t不是回文数!, val); 10、 汉诺塔/汉诺塔using Sy