清明上河图英文简介.doc

张择端英语视频介绍mp3下载（中英对照）Qingming Shanghe Tu is the masterpiece of Zhang Zeduan ，a Song Dynasty artist which vividly capture the thriving lif of people from the Song Dynasty of in the capital of Bianjing （todays Kangfeng）清明上河图是背诵画家张择端的一幅存世精品，一精致的工笔记录了背诵首都汴京（今开封）的繁荣城市生活。The entire piece ,painted in hand scroll format, deployed the method of scatter perspective mapping，bringing in varied landscape and numerous human characters all dressed differently.它以长卷形式，采用散点透视的构图法，将繁荣的景物纳入统一而富于变化的画面中，画中人物神情各异，衣着不同。And performing various activities forming a drama with a flowing rich rhythm其间穿插各种活动，极富戏剧性，构图疏密有致，节奏和韵律变化丰富。Beijing City，depicted in the scroll ，was the hub of the land and water ways and the passageway of all transportations at that time.清明上河图描绘的北宋汴京，当时正是水道遍布的“水陆要冲，运路咽喉”.After being designated as the capital. Bianjing City saw further economic and culture development.With a population of more than one million, it was truly a metropolitan in all aspects. 定都于此后经济、文化进一步发展，人口超过百万是当时名副其实的国际大都市。The scroll unfolds from right to left，moving from the countyside progressivety into the inner city.画面顺序从右到左，由一片郊野逐步进入都市。From its unique angle,the painter illustrates people from all wails of life and their economic activities，giving the audience a much richer perspective than if he only depicted inner city life.画家慧眼独具，将当时丰富的市井生态全部涵盖与内。比单独绘制内域的场景更容易让人民了解到当时城市的全貌。What differented the Bianjing city in Song Dynasty from her predecessor was that all the street walls were removed. 宋代的汴京，临街的坊墙被拆除，市民可以面街而居，临街开店。Transforming the former feadal closed city with fortress like walls into an open commercial house.封建堡垒式的封闭性城市有此变成了开房的商业城市.Historical records tell us there were altogether mor 6,400 households involved in businesses of all kinds that recovered oer 100 sectors.汴京商业手工业的户数,据记载,总共有六千四百多户,将近一百几十个行业.Restaurants or eateries in particular,were the most thriving type of business.这其中尤以酒楼,各种饮食店最为旺盛.As depicted the hustling and bustling in front of Sun Yung Shop demonstrate that this restaurant is one with the highest standard.途中描绘的孙羊正店们前车来人往,熙熙攘攘,正店是规格最高的酒店.The other smaller ones were called foot shop. In addition numerous teahouses and cafes are scattered across all the streets.除了正店以外,汴京还有很多被成为脚店的中,小酒楼.此外,更有大批茶坊,食店散布于街头巷尾.The scroll also depicts other forms of commercial activities. An inn like the Home of Official Wang was a regular place to stay for scholars abound in the capital city for the imperial examinations.画中还描绘了其他商业形式,如这家久住王员外家是当时的一家客栈,有很多赶考的学子常住在此.Nearby, a labor market is naturally formed with a group of sedan carriers waiting to be hired.在此处,自然行成了一个人力市场,一群轿夫狙击在此等待被雇佣.The Bianhe River is indispensable to the economic and commercial development of Bianjing City,and therefore brought the city prosperity, which led to it being called the Golden Waterway.繁荣的商业离不开汴京的远河,汴河是当时名副其实的黄金水道,这对于当时汴京城市经济的发展和繁荣,具有十分重要的意义.Accordingly , the painter Zhang Zeduan spent one third of all effort to capture this thriving shipping business in the early 12th century.所以张择端在中不借用三分之一篇幅和大量笔墨来精心描绘汴河的航运.再现了十二世纪初汴京水上最重要的交通干线的繁忙运输景象.There are two short and round shaped ships with a loading capacity of over 500 tons that are dorked along the river.这两艘停靠在岸边的船是一种形制图短的清船,载重量达500吨以上.The shipping industry thrived in the Song Dynasty, and grew to a great scale as early as the year 997 producing as many as over 3,000 ships.宋朝的造船业很发达,在公元997年,官方造船便达三千多米,宋朝的造船业很发达,在公元997年,官方造船便达三千多艘.This type of ship is more convenient to operate, with adjustable under the mast.这种船在栏杆下使用了转轴,能调整帆的角度,以迎合风向的变化.In the painting there is a big ship which faces great difficulty in passing through the bridge.Sinceitcannot be lowed by the boat trackers in the middle of the river.Only by lowering the must is the ship then able to be towed past the bridge with help from over and beside the bridge.此处一艘大船即将过桥,船到这里无法由纤夫牵引,只能放倒桅杆,靠着桥上与桥边的引导慢慢通过.However due to the fast current and the ships position the must falls to recline completely, and this chaos attracts the crowds attention.而因水势急,船身横直,桅杆也未能完全放倒,一片紧张忙乱,引得桥上众人关注.This scene or incident,illustrated right in the middle of the entire painting truly shows the painters magnifice skills.这事全图的正中位置,也是画家的神来之笔,以一个危机时间,汇聚了全图的焦点.The bride given its beautiful shape and design is fittingly named the Ranbow Bridge.要穿过的这座桥,形式优美,婉如飞虹,故名曰虹桥.The highty advanced architecture design at that time is fully illustrated by its entire wooden structure which has a thin shape and wide span.它全部以木石结构实现,如此浅薄的形制,如此大的跨度,足见该桥结构的先进.The Song Dynasty shipbuilding technology contributed vastly to the development of important and report trade. Merchant ships travelled East Asia , Southeast Asia,Arab and even the Mediterranean silk, poecelain and tea constitute the main export goods, water herbal, and jewelry are the major import.This herbal shop give s a glimpse of the prosperous trade during that period.事实上,宋代的造船技术,还成就了发达的海外贸易.上传活跃于东亚,东南亚,乃至阿拉伯.地中海等地区,主要出口丝绸,瓷器,茶叶等.进口主要哟香药,象牙,珠宝等,从这家香药铺便可窥见一斑.Land transportation much like the waterway in Bianjing City is developing as well. The painting actually shows cannel caravans moving slowly is developing as well fully loaded with Weaten goods, which are to have mome all the way from the Silk Road.除了繁忙的水道航运之外,汴京的陆路交通也相当发达.中的城门一侧竟然出现了一支满载这西域商货的驼队正在缓缓前行,据说他们是沿着漫漫的丝绸之路一路走过来的.As the Song Dynasty cities progress with prosperity , the social standing of the citizen is raised with aspiration for a richer cultural life. Correspondingly, arious street entertainment venues are formed to accommodate the citizen favourite activity, such as story telling , operation saying and many other types of performances for them to relax and enjo.宋代商业繁荣,城镇不断发展,市民阶层地位也日益上升,市民文化崛起.与此相适应,出现了很多切合市民阶层的娱乐场所,与符合其口味的表演艺术,旺旺有说书,评话,讲史,小唱,戏曲等表演.市民再次休憩,消遣.Alongside these economic and cultural advancements, the Song Dynasty also witnessed great progress in the areas of public health.宋代城市不仅在经济.文化领域成就巨大,在公共卫生与医疗领域也颇有建树.Zhao Taichengs Residence shown in the Zhao Taichengs Residence as shown in the painting is one such illustration.Taicheng is the abbreviation for imperial doctor.赵太丞家便是一列,太丞是太医丞的简称.宋代的医官可以从事第二职业,给普通百姓治病.The imperial doctor could his secondary occupation also treat ordinary people thus benefitting the citizens to leave both easy access us well as professional medical treatment.汴京人有所谓病揾之说,及时因为看病方便,而且医术也较高明.方井In the painting, there is a specially shaped well outside the imperial doctors Residence with low walls built of rand earth , which serves to prevent dust from entering the well.There are many such wells in Bianjing City that leave standard shape and are under proper and unfied management.医铺旁有一口特殊的井,该井呈田字形,并台后有夯土筑的矮墙,防尘刮落井中.当时的汴京哟很多这样的井,形制统一,也有统一的管理.Befor the Song Dynasty, night markets were banned. However Zhao Kuangym, the first emperor of the Song Dynasty , ordered that there be no curfew before the three drum hour , thus making Bianjing a sleepless city.宋代以前,夜市往往被批禁.入宋以后,宋太祖赵匡胤顺应形式下令,京城夜市至三股以来,不得禁止,汴京由此成为一个不夜城.This animated ersion of the ancient painting not only reproduces the daily,daylight life of the city , but also Recreates the same scenes.Sing the night time lighting to bring out the charming and flourishing city in the night.此次感动,以数字的方式不光重现了画中所描绘的日景,还创造性的重现了夜间的