直接引语和间接引语.doc

直接引语和间接引语学习要点：（）人称作相应的变化（）时态作相应的变化（）直接引语与间接引语的转化（4）指示代词、有关动词及状语的变化开始学习一、人称代词的变化 直接引语变为间接引语时， 要根据实际情况注意人称代词的变化。仔细体会！二、时态的变化1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。 Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时, 从句部分时态的具体变化如下： 1) 一般现在时 一般过去时态 2） 一般将来时 过去将来时 3） 现在进行时 过去进行时 4） 一般过去时 过去完成时 5） 现在完成时 过去完成时注意：（1）如果直接引语是客观事实或真理， 变为间接引语时时态不变。 （2）如果主句的动词是一般现在时，直接引语变为间接引语时， 时态一般不作变化。 例如： He says: “I am tired.” He says he is tired试做： 1. She said: “ I am a student. ” _2.Shesaid,“I willgotoseemyfriend.”_3.Tom said, “ I am going to play basketball tomorrow.”_4.She said ,“I am reading a book.”_5.He said,“I finished my homework.”_6.She said ,“I have not heard from him since May.”_三、直接引语与间接引语的转化 1、 陈述句的转化直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。 试做： Shesaid,Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.“_ My father said: “I worked here twenty years ago.”_2、一般疑问句的转化直接引语由一般疑问句变为间接引语时， 主句中谓语动词一般用ask, 后接以if或whether引导的宾语从句， 从句要用陈述句语序。He said tome: “Are you interested in English? ”He asked me if I was interested in English.试做: Hesaid:“Canyouswim?”_ My brother asked me: “Do you want to go to the Great Wall with him?”_3、特殊疑问句的转换直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。 例如： Sheaskedme,Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?”Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.试做： “How old are you?” the man aksed me. _ He asked me: “What will you do this Sunday?”_4、祈使句的转换当祈使句变为间接引语时,间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell, ask, order, beg, request, order等，而把它变成带to的不定式短语。 The teacher said to the boy: “Open the window.” The teacher aksed the boy to open the window. 试做：She said to him：“ Dont smoke in the room.”_ He said to me: “Wait a minute” _四、指示代词、有关动词及状语的变化直接引语间接引语指示代词ThisthatThesethose时间状语NowthenTodaythat dayTonightthat nightthis week (month, year)that week (month, year)Yesterdaythe day beforethe day before yesterdaytwo days beforelast week (month, year)the week (month, year) beforeAgobeforeTommorrowthe next daynext week (month, year)the next (month, year)the day after tommorrowtwo days later地点状语Herethere动 词ComegoBringtake情态动词Maymightcancouldmusthad(have) to 小测验一、用所给动词的正确形式填空1.The teacher said we _（have）a meeting next monday .2.I think youd better _(not go) out alone at night.3.She didnt know what _(do) next.4.Could you tell me when you _（leave）tomorrow?5.He does well in_(listen)?6.The headmaster asked who_(be) the most hard-working in our class.7.Do you enjoy_(learn) English?8.Could please_(say) it again?9.If you get a chance_(study) , take it.10.We were supposed to_(help) him.二、句型转换，把下列直接引语变为间接引语1.She said“My mother doesnt want to go there.”She said _ _ mother _ want to go there.2.My father asked“when will you be back?”My father asked me _ I _ _ back.3.He asked Lin Tao“How many times have you been to Beijing.” He asked Lin Tao that _ _ times _ _ been to Beijing.4.“Dont talk in class!”the teacher said to the class.The teacher _ the class _ _ talk in class.5.The teacher said to her student“Please give me your book.”The teacher _ her student _ _ her the book.三、把下列直接引语变为间接引语。1.John said“I like reading stories.”_2.She said to me“I broke your CD player.”_3.Jim says“Im not free.”_4.He said“Im afraid I cant finish this work.”_5.He said“Im using the knife here.”_6.She said“I have not heard from him since May.”_7.He said“I had finished my homework before supper.”_8.Zhou Lan said“Ill do it tomorrow.”_9.He said“I went there in 1989.”_10.“The earth is smaller than the sun.”said my father._11.She said“Ill visit yo