新视界大学英语综合教程 unit 4ppt课件.ppt

Warmingup Listenandunderlineanywordsorexpressionswhicharedifferentfromwhatyouhear Nathan Sowhat veyoudoneoverthelasttwoyears sinceweleftcollegeandbecameunemployablesciencegraduates Brett I vebeenontheroad I vebeeneast toChina Japan Thailand ItaughtEnglishforafewmonthsinTokyo andyourself Nathan Sowhat veyoudoneoverthelasttwoyears sinceweleftcollegeandbecameunemployablesciencegraduates Brett I vebeenontheroad I vebeeneast toChina Japan Thailand ItaughtEnglishforafewmonthsinTokyo andyourself Warmingup Nathan Nothingsoexciting I vebeenheremostofthetime doingoddjobs dealingwithonlineordersforasupermarket deliveringpizzas gardening cat sitting notquiteasdifficultasbabysitting replyingtoemailsforalocalpolitician andwhatelse Ohyes Ispenttwomonthsinacallcentre whichwasn tverywell paid andIdidsometouristinformationresearch interviewingpeoplearrivingatthestation AndI vedonesometeachingtoo givingmathslessonstostudentspreparingforuniversityentrance Brett Forsomeonewho sunemployableitlooksasifyou vebeenratherbusy Nathan Nothingsoexciting I vebeenheremostofthetime doingoddjobs dealingwithonlineordersforasupermarket deliveringpizzas gardening cat sitting notquiteasdifficultasbabysitting replyingtoemailsforalocalpolitician andwhatelse Ohyes Ispenttwomonthsinacallcentre whichwasn tverywell paid andIdidsometouristinformationresearch interviewingpeoplearrivingatthestation AndI vedonesometeachingtoo givingmathslessonstostudentspreparingforuniversityentrance Brett Forsomeonewho sunemployableitlooksasifyou vebeenratherbusy Warmingup Nowlistenagainandcorrecttheinformation Answer science art Tokyo Bangkok cat sitting dog walking verywell paid muchfun station airport maths history Warmingup Workinpairsanddiscussthequestions 1WhatjobshasNathandonesinceheleftuniversity 2Whichofthemwouldyoudescribeastraditional Whichofthemarenew 3WhydoesNathandescribethembothas unemployable 4Hastheworldofworkchangedforyoungpeople Ifso why 5WhydoyouthinkNathanandBretthavenotstartedsecurecareersyet Warmingup 1WhatjobshasNathandonesinceheleftuniversity Dealingwithonlineordersforasupermarket deliveringpizzas gardening dog walking replyingtoemailsforalocalpolitician workinginacallcentre doingtouristinformationresearchandgivinghistorylessonstostudentspreparingforuniversityentrance Warmingup 2Whichofthemwouldyoudescribeastraditional Whichofthemarenew Traditional gardening marketresearch tutoring therestareofmorerecentdate thoughdeliveryboysasagrouparearguablytraditional 3WhydoesNathandescribethembothas unemployable Presumablytheyhavenotbeenabletofindjobs Perhapsheisalsoreferringtothehighjoblessrateforfreshgraduatesinmanyeconomies Warmingup 4Hastheworldofworkchangedforyoungpeople Ifso why Itislessstable jobschangefastersopeopleneedtoretrain Companiescontinuallylookforsavingsandnewtechnologyallowsthemtoautomatetasks Workersnowspendmostoftheirtimeinfrontofscreens Workislesssocial 5WhydoyouthinkNathanandBretthavenotstartedsecurecareersyet Theyhavenothadthesortofjobofferstheywant Thecompetitionamongnewgraduatesisintense ItseemsBrettisnotquitereadytosettledownyetandenjoysbeingfreetotravel Warmingup Listentothepassageandfilltheblanks Therearemanymethodsofwoodworkingandeachculturehasitsown Artisticwoodcreationsincludearchitectural onbuildings furnitureforthehomeorevencarvedanimals Forexample inThailand detailedcarvingsfromteakandotherhardwoodsareanimportantpartof palacesandreligiousbuildings Woodcarverswereaveryimportantgroupof Apersonneededmanyyearsoftrainingwithexpertstobeawoodcarver Woodcarvingsoftenincludeplantformssuchasthelotusfloweraswellas takenfromHinduandBuddhistreligiousstories traditions decoration richly ancient artists figures Warmingup Lookatthefirstsentenceofthepassageandchoosethebestanswertothequestion Itisnotsurprisingthatmodernchildrentendtolookblankanddispiritedwheninformedthattheywillsomedayhaveto gotoworkandmakealiving Warmingup Whydoyouthinkitisn tsurprisingthatchildrenareunhappythatonedaytheywillhaveto gotowork a Mostofthemhaveneverdoneanyhardworkintheirlives b Theyfeeldemotivatedaboutthequalificationstheywillhavetoget c Theycan tmakeuptheirmindswhattheywanttodo d Theydon tunderstandwhatmostoftoday sjobsare a Mostofthemhaveneverdoneanyhardworkintheirlives b Theyfeeldemotivatedaboutthequalificationstheywillhavetoget c Theycan tmakeuptheirmindswhattheywanttodo d Theydon tunderstandwhatmostoftoday sjobsare Skimming Browsethepassagewithin8minutestogetaroughideaaboutit AnswerthequestionsofActivity2and3onpage75 Task Skimming Choosethebestsummaryofthepassage 1Intoday sAmericajobsarenotwhattheyusedtobe Everythingismadebymachines notpeople Nearlyallthejobstodayareofficejobs andforanoutsider suchasachild itisdifficulttounderstandwhatthesejobsreallyare 2MachineshavemadeworkinAmericaunnecessary Apartfromthefewmanualjobswhichareleft almostalloftoday sjobsarenotworthdoing andmanypeoplespendalltheirtimeinofficesreadingthepaper 3IndustryinAmericanolongerproducesanythingthatlastsformorethanafewyears afterwhichthingshavetobethrownaway Nowhereisthismoreapparentthaninofficejobs wherehugequantitiesofpaperarethrownawayeveryday Answer 1 Skimming Check thetruestatements 1Childrentodaydon thavemuchideawhatjobstheirparentsdo 2Nobodymakesorrepairsthingsliketablesanymore 3Childrencan tunderstandjobtitleslike systemsanalyst 4It seasyforadultstounderstandotherpeople sjobtitles 5Mostmanufactureditemscanberepairedcheaplybymachines 6ThetypicalofficeinAmericaisina12 floorbuildingmadeofglass 7Typicalofficeworkersfeeltheyarenotreallyworking 8Ifyouwalkintoanyoffice morethanhalfthepeoplewillbetalkingonthephone 9Almosteveryonehasajobinvolvingpaper Thetruestatementsare1 3 and9 WorkinCorporateAmerica 译文 Digging 1Itisnotsurprisingthatmodernchildrentendtolookblankanddispiritedwheninformedthattheywillsomedayhaveto gotoworkandmakealiving TheproblemisthattheycannotvisualizewhatworkisincorporateAmerica Backgroundinformation Digging 2Notsolongago whenaparentsaidhewasofftowork thechildknewverywellwhatwasabouttohappen Hisparentwasgoingtomakesomethingorfixsomething Theparentcouldtakehisoffspringtohisplaceofbusinessandlethimwatchwhileherepairedabuggyorbuiltatable 译文 Digging 3Whenachildasked Whatkindofworkdoyoudo Daddy hisfathercouldanswerintermsthatachildcouldcometogripswith suchas Ifixsteamengines or Imakehorsecollars 译文 Digging 4Well afewfathersstillfixsteamenginesandbuildtables butmostdonot Nowadays mostfatherssitinglassbuildingsdoingthingsthatareabsolutelyincomprehensibletochildren Theanswerstheygivewhenasked Whatkindofworkdoyoudo Daddy arelikelytobeutterlymystifyingtoachild 译文 Digging 5 Isellspace Idomarketresearch Iamadataprocessor Iaminpublicrelations Iamasystemsanalyst Suchexplanationsmustseemnonsensetoachild Howcanhepossiblyenvisionanyoneanalyzingasystemorresearchingamarket 译文 Digging 6Evengrownmenwhodomarketresearchhavetroublevisualizingwhatapublicrelationsmandoeswithhisday anditisasafebetthattheaveragesystemsanalystisasbaffledaboutwhataspacesalesmandoesattheshopastheaveragespacesalesmanisaboutthetoolsneededtoanalyzeasystem 译文 Digging 7Inthecommoneverydayjob nothingismadeanymore Thingsarenowmadebymachines Verylittleisrepaired Themachinesthatmakethingsmaketheminsuchafashionthattheywillquicklyfallapartinsuchawaythatrepairswillbeprohibitivelyexpensive Thusthebuyerisencouragedtothrowthethingawayandbuyanewone Ineffect themachinesaremakingjunk 译文 Digging 8Thehandfulofpeopleremotelyassociatedwiththesemachinescan ofcourse telltheirinquisitivechildren Daddymakesjunk Mostoftheworkforce however istooremotefromjunkproductiontosenseanycontributiontotheindustry Whatdothesepeopledo 译文 Digging 9Considerthetypical12 storyglassbuildinginthetypicalAmericancity Nothingisbeingmadeinthisbuildingandnothingisbeingrepaired includingthebuildingitself Constructedasapieceofjunk thebuildingwillbediscardedwhenitwearsout andanotherpieceofjunkwillbesetinitsplace 译文 Digging 10Still thebuildingisfilledwithpeoplewhothinkofthemselvesasworking Atanygivenmomentduringthedayperhapsone thirdofthemwillbetalkingintotelephones Mostoftheseconversationswillbeaboutpaper forpaperiswhatoccupiesnearlyeveryoneinthisbuilding 译文 Digging 11Somejobsinthebuildingrequirementofillpaperwithwords Therearepersonswhotypeneatlyonpaperandpersonswhoreadpaperandjotnotesinthemargins Somepersonsmakecopiesofpaperandotherpersonsdeliverpaper Therearepersonswhoandpersonswhounfilepaper Digging 12Somepersonsmailpaper Somepersonstelephoneotherpersonsandaskthatpaperbesenttothem Otherstelephonetoascertainthewhereaboutsofpaper Somepersonsconferaboutpaper Inthegrandestoffices menapproveofsomepaperanddisapproveofotherpaper 译文 Digging 13Theelevatorsarefilledthroughoutthedaywithyoungmencarryingpaperfromfloortofloorandwithvitalmencarryingpapertobediscussedwithothervitalmen 译文 Digging 14Whatisachildtomakeofallthis Hisfathermaybesoeminentthatheluncheswithothermenaboutpaper Supposehebringshissontoworktogivetheboysomeideaofwhatworkisallabout Whatdoestheboyseehappening 译文 Digging 15Hisfathercallsforpaper Hereadspaper Perhapshescowlsatpaper Perhapshemakesanangryredmarkonpaper Hetelephonesanothermanandsaystheyhadbetterlunchoverpaper 译文 Digging 16Atlunchtheytalkaboutpaper Backattheoffice thefatherordersthepaperretypedandreproducedinquintuplicate andthensenttoanothermanforcomparisonwithpaperthatwasreproducedintriplicatelastyear 译文 Digging 17Imaginehispoorsonafterwardsmullingoverthemysteriesofworkwithafriend whoaskshim What syourfatherdo Whatcantheboyreply Itbeatsme perhaps ifheisnotveryobservant Orifheis Somethingthathastodowithmakingjunk Ithink Sameaseverybodyelse 译文 1 WorkincorporateAmerica Title CorporateAmericaisageneraltermgiventoalargenon government ownedorganizationorcompanyintheUnitedStates egabank amarketingresearchcompanyetc Ithasbothpositiveandnegativeconnotations Positively itmeansthatacompanyoranorganizationproduceswealthandimprovespeople slivingstandardsinafreemarketandcompetitivesocietybypeopleworkingtogethertoachievethegoals Thismainlyreferstofinancialgainsandsuccess Negatively itseemstoindicatethepromotionofself interest financialgains greedandirresponsibilityintheworkplace Difficultsentences Difficultsentences 2 Itisnotsurprisingthatmodernchildrentendtolookblankanddispiritedwhen Line1 Para1 To lookblank meansthatmodernchildrenshownosignofunderstandingoremotionaboutthecorporateworkplace theyseemunresponsiveandhaveblanklooks Someonewhois dispirited doesnothavethehope enthusiasmorinterestthattheyhadearlier theyareinlowspiritsordownhearted Difficultsentences 3 Theparentcouldtakehisoffspringtohisplaceofbusinessandlethimwatchwhileherepairedabuggyorbuiltatable Line4 Para2 buggy Itisavehicleusedforbabiesandtoddlersbycarers parents grandparentsandadultsincaringprofessions topushthemaround Itisalsocalledapushchair IntheUS itiscalledastroller Difficultsentences 4 Whenachildasked hisfathercouldanswerintermsthatachildcouldcometogripswith suchas Ifixsteamengines or Imakehorsecollars Line1 Para3 cometogripswith Itnormallymeanstofaceuptoaproblem situationordifficultjobanddealwithit Here itmeansthatsomeonegetstounderstandsomethingthatisdifficultorunpleasant Ithasthesimilarmeaningascometotermswith tackle handle manageetc horsecollar Itismadeofleatherandfitaroundanimals neckstoallowthemtopullheavythings Whenhorsesareusedtopullcartsorcarriagestheywearhorsecollars Here incorporateAmerica thisisadeliberateimageofsomethingveryold fashioned justlikesteamengines Difficultsentences 5 Howcanhepossiblyenvisionanyoneanalyzingasystemorresearchingamarket Line4 Para5 envision averbwhichmeanstoshowavisualsceneinyourmind toimaginesomethingthatisoutsideyourexperience whichhasnothappenedordoesnotexist Difficultsentences 6 Evengrownmen anditisasafebetthattheaveragesystemsanalystisasbaffledaboutwhataspacesalesmandoesattheshopastheaveragespacesalesmanisaboutthetoolsneededtoanalyzeasystem Line1 Para6 Inthissentencethewriterissayingheisquitesurethatneitherthesystemsanalystnorthespacesalesmanknowsabouteachother sworkandwhattheyactuallydo itisasafebet Itmeansthatthespeakerorwriterissureaboutsomething theywouldbewillingtoriskmoneytoconfirmit Difficultsentences aspacesalesman Peoplewhodealwiththearrangementsfortheuseofspaceinofficesandotherplaces Howmanyroomsmightbeneededforwhatpurposes whatsortsofworkpeopledoinparticularofficesandhowtheofficefurnitureandequipmentcanbestbearrangedforthemaximumeffectiveness howmuchitcoststorentoruseofficeaccommodationindifferentpartsofacity Butprobably aspacesalesmanmainlydealswithpeoplewhowanttorentofficespace 6 Evengrownmen anditisasafebetthattheaveragesystemsanalystisasbaffledaboutwhataspacesalesmandoesattheshopastheaveragespacesalesmanisaboutthetoolsneededtoanalyzeasystem Line1 Para6 Difficultsentences 7 Themachinesthatmakethingsmaketheminsuchafashionthattheywillquicklyfallapartinsuchawaythatrepairswillbeprohibitivelyexpensive Line3 Para7 Thesentencemeansthatthemachinesmakethingsinsuchawaythattheywillbreakorfallintopiecessothattheycan tbecheaplyrepaired Itisimpliedthatthethingsaremadetobeshort lastingsothatthemanufacturerscansellmorelater Difficultsentences 7 Themachinesthatmakethingsmaketheminsuchafashionthattheywillquicklyfallapartinsuchawaythatrepairswillbeprohibitivelyexpensive Line3 Para7 insuchafashion inaparticularwayormannerprohibitivelyexpensive Thecostisprohibitivelyexpensivewhenitpreventsyoufrombuyingsomething asitisbeyondthelimitsofwhatyoucanafford Or wemaysaythecostisprohibitive Difficultsentences 8 Thehandfulofpeopleremotelyassociatedwiththesemachinescan ofcourse telltheirinquisitivechildren Daddymakesjunk Line1 Para8 Thefewpeoplewhoareinvolvedinproduction manufacturingcouldsaytheymakesomething althoughactuallyitisnotaverygoodproduct butmostpeoplecannotclaimtomakeanything It sharderforthemtosaywhattheydo Theparagraphisallinanironictone inquisitivechildren thosewholiketoasklotsofquestions especiallythingsthatadultsdonotwanttotalkabout Difficultsentences 9 Mostoftheworkforce however istooremotefromjunkproductiontosenseanycontributiontotheindustry Line3 Para8 Thesentencemeansmostworkersaredistantfromtheprocessofjunkproductionsotheydonotfeelthattheirworkhasanypartinit Difficultsentences 10 Therearepersonswhoandpersonswhounfilepaper Line6 Para11 Thewriteriswittilyhalfreferringtoafamousbiblicalpassagewhichcontainsphrasessuchasthereisatimetokillandatimetoheal atimetoteardownandatimetobuild atimetokeepandatimetothrowaway Mockingtheentireprocessofmodernbusiness hewritesofpeoplewhosejobistoputawaypapersandotherswhosejobistogetthemout Difficultsentences 11 Otherstelephonetoascertainthewhereaboutsofpaper Line3 Para12 ascertainthewhereaboutsofsomething tofindoutwheresomethingis Difficultsentences 12 Backattheoffice thefatherordersthepaperretypedandreproducedinquintuplicate andthensenttoanothermanforcomparisonwithpaperthatwasreproducedintriplicatelastyear Line1 Para16 Theword quintuplicate meansthatsomethingismadeintofivecopies To quadruplicate meanstomakeintofourcopies triplicate threecopies and duplicate twocopies corporate 释义 a onlybeforenoun belongingtoorconnectedwithabusiness公司的 例句 OurcorporateheadquartersareinLondon 我们的公司总部在伦敦 翻译 Words 例句 Somecompaniesareintroducingethicsintotheircorporatecultureinabigway 一些公司正在把伦理道德大力引入它们的企业文化 翻译 释义 a someonewhoisdispiriteddoesnothavethehope enthusiasm orinterestthattheyhadearlier气馁的 垂头丧气的 心灰意懒的 Words 例句 Howdispiritedhelooks Perhapsheisill 看他那无精打采的样子 可能是生病了吧 翻译 例句 WhenIamdispirited heliftsmeup 当我气馁时 他会使我振作起来 翻译 dispirited 释义 vt toformapictureofsomeoneorsomethinginyourmind使形象化 想象 Words 例句 Hecouldnotvisualizeherasold 他想象不出她年老的样子 翻译 例句 Shevisualizedhimgettingangrywhenshetoldhimaboutthedamage 她想象着当自己告诉他这一损坏情况时他发怒的样子 翻译 visualize 释义 n C asmallvehiclewithfourwheels usedespeciallyfortravellingoverroughground grass orsand 尤指用于在不平的地面 草地或沙地上旅行的 四轮小车 Words buggy 释义 pletely oftenusedforemphasizinghowbadsomeoneorsomethingis完全地 十足地 常用于强调某人或某事有多坏 例句 You rebeingutterlyunreasonable 你真是毫不讲理 翻译 Words 例句 翻译 Hercommentsaboutmenareutterlyridiculous 她对男人的评价绝对荒谬可笑 utterly 释义 vt ifsomeoneorsomethingmystifiesyou youcannotunderstandorexplainit使无法理解 使困惑不解 例子 翻译 Words 例句 Theaudiencemusthavebeentotallymystifiedbytheplot 翻译 观众一定是让剧情完全搞晕了 Therewassomethingstrangeinherattitudewhichmystifiedme 她态度有些奇怪 让我迷惑不解 mystify 释义 n U factsorinformationusedformakingcalculationsordecisions资料 信息 数据 例句 YoucancompresshugeamountsofdataontoaCD ROM 可以把大量的数据压缩到一张CD ROM上 翻译 Words 例句 Allthedatashowsthattheseanimalsaremoreadaptablethanwethought 所有的资料均表明这些动物的适应性比我们认为的要强 翻译 data 真题 Whenthetwoyoungpeopleweremarried theceremonywasanythingbutuptodata Jan 1992 CET 4 VocabularyandStructure 释义 vt AmE toconsidersomethingaspossibleorwhatyouintend展望 设想 例句 Inthefutureweenvisionafederationofcompanies 我们设想将来会成立一个公司联盟 翻译 Words 例句 Envisionyoursuccess Writeaboutit Thenreadthatdailyorweekly 想象一下成功后的样子 写下来 每天读读 翻译 envision 释义 a prohibitivecostorpricepreventspeoplefrombuyingsomethingbecauseitistooexpensive 费用或价格 高得令人望而却步的 例句 Thecostofrenovatingtheoldbuildingswouldbeprohibitive 翻新旧楼的费用将极其昂贵 翻译 Words 例句 Thecostofprivatetreatmentcanbeprohibitive 自费治疗的费用高得让人望而却步 翻译 prohibitive 释义 n sing averysmallnumberofpeopleorthings少数 少量 例句 Thegamewasdominatedbyahandfulofplayers 少数几个选手主导了比赛 翻译 Words 例句 Weinvited130people butonlyahandfulcame 翻译 我们邀请了一百三十人 但只来了少数人 handful 真题 sheremembersthatwhenshefirstjoinedthecommunity therewerefewerthanahandfulofminoritiesoncampus Jun 1998 CET 4 ReadingComprehension 释义 a askingalotofquestionsaboutthings especiallythingsthatpeopledonotwanttotalkabout好奇的 过于好问的 好打听的 例句 Don tbesoinquisitive itmakespeopleuncomfortable 不要打听个没完 弄得人很不舒服 翻译 Words 例句 Barrowhadaninquisitivenature 巴罗天生就爱打听别人隐私 翻译 inquisitive 释义 vt towritesomethinginaquickinformalway快速记下 草草写下 例句 翻译 Words Keepapadhandytojotdownyourthoughtastheyarise 手边放一本便笺簿 以便随时记录产生的想法 例句 翻译 BeforeIgoshopping ImustjotdownalistofthingswhichIwanttobuy 去买东西以前 我必须把要买的东西开一个单子 jot 释义1 n C thespaceattheleftorrightsideofapagewherewordsarenotusuallyprintedorwritten页边空白处 例句 翻译 Words 例句 翻译 Thereweresomepencilednotesinthemargin 在页边空白处有一些用铅笔作的注释 Sheaddedhercommentsinthemargin 她在页边的空白处写下了评语 margin 真题 Youshouldn thavewritteninthemarginsincethebookbelongstothelibrary Jun 2003 CET 4 VocabularyandStructure 释