翻译硕士口译考试中经典句型.doc

翻译硕士口译考试中经典句型一 A + a 结构这种结构通常是指一个大句子后面带有一个小结构，翻译方法通常可以将前者翻译成中心句，后面翻译成同位语，介词短语或是分词和定语从句。例1：现在我们有16个系，下设39个专业。There are 16 departments with 39 specialties in our school. （后面翻译成with的介词结构，这种形式是最常见的方法。）例2：北京有10个区9个县，总面积1万6千800平方公里。There are 10 districts and 9 counties in Beijing with an area of 16thousand 8 hundred square kilometers. （方法和上句一样。）例3：中国在2000年悉尼奥运会上，获得28枚金牌，在奖牌榜上名列第三。China won 28 gold medals at the 2000 Sydney Olympic Game, rankingthe 3rd on the medal tally. （这句是将后面的句子翻译成分词结构。）例4：在过去的一年里，中国贯彻扩大内需的方针，经济得到稳步发展。Last year, China implemented the policy of enlarging domesticdemands, which led to steady economic development. （这种方法就是把后面一部分翻译成非限定性定语从句，当然我们也可以用并列结构，但是在口译考试中我们对主张用主次结构。）二 A + a1 + a2 结构这种结构通常是指在主句后面同时出现了两个小句子，翻译的方法通常是将后两者同时变化成定语从句或是同位语的结构，还可以把其中两个变成介词或是同位语结构，这种结构十分常见。例1：在过去的1年里，中国贯彻扩大内需的方针，经济得到稳步发展，人民生活水平得到显著提高。Last year, China implemented the policy of enlarging domesticdemands, which led to stable economic development and significant improvementof peoples life. （这种方法就是把后面两句全部变成定语从句，a1和a2同时形成并列结构。）例2：黄河流经中国的9个省和自治区，全长5464公里，流域面积75万2443平方公里。The Yellow River runs 5464 kms across 9 provinces and autonomousregions with drainage area of 752,443 square kms. （这句就是把最前句和最后句变成介词结构，中间变成谓语结构。）例3：北京现有体育馆5000多个，其中可容纳5000人的体育馆8个，可容纳2000人的15个。There are more than 5,000 stadiums in Beijing, including 8 canaccommodate 5,000 each and 15 can do 2,000 each. （这句用的是方法就是把后两者翻译成定语从句。）三 A + a + B 结构这种结构和A + a1 + a2非常类似，我们在翻译的时候就是要区分第三个句子究竟能不能和前一个句子连在一起，也就是说最后一个句子和前者有没有密切的关系，当然在有些情况下，这两个句子结构区分起来比较复杂，也比较难以区分。例1：现在只有5个国家的妇女收入占男性收入的80%以上，而中国妇女的收入相当于男性收入的80.4%。Now, there are only 5 countries where womens salaries make up 80%of mens, while the income of the Chinese women equals to 80.4% that of mans. （这句话把含有80%的这个小句子翻译成了前者的从句，而后面的一个句子又重新起了一句，很显然前两个句子和第三个句子没有什么逻辑关系。）例2：据世界卫生组织的报告显示，到2020 年，世界老人将超过10亿，其中7亿生活在发展中国家。目前，全世界60岁以上的老人大约有5.8亿。According to a report of WHO, by 2020 it is estimated that thepopulation of senior citizens will increase to 1 billion, including 700 millionlive in the less developed countries. There are 580 million people more than 60years old all over the world at present. （这句话则比上一句更具有特点，很显然，我们应该把其中这样的句子归类为前者，后面再重新起一句，前者形成分词结构，这种结构也是考试的重点句型。口译符号示例一、 缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词，会对考试大有裨益。缩略词的写法一般为四种方式：F拿掉所有元音MKT: marketMGR: managerMSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receiveF保留前几个字母INFO ： informationINS ：insuranceEXCHexchangeI owe you IOUIn stead of I/OF保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK： weekRM： roomPL： peopleF根据发音R ：areTHO： thoughTHRU： through高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表缩略词 原词APT ：ApartmentACC： AccountantACDG ：AccordingACPT: AcceptAD ：AdvertisementADS ：AddressADV： AdviceAMAP ：As much/many as possibleAMT： AmountAPV ：ApproveASAP ：As soon as possibleBAL ：BalanceBLDG ：BuildingCERT CertificateCFM ：ConformCNCL ：CancelCNF： ConferenceCMI ：CommissionCMP ：CompleteCMPE ：Compete/competitiveCMU ：CommunicationCONC ：Concern/concerning/concernedCOND ：ConditionCO. ：CompanyDEPT： DepartmentDISC ：DepartureEXCH： ExchangeEXPLN： ExplainEXT： ExtentFLT ：FinalFRT： FreightFYR ：For your referenceGD ：GoodGUAR ：GuaranteeH.O. Home officeINFO ：InformationIMPS ：ImpossibleIMP(T)： ImportantINCD ：IncludeINDIV ：IndividualINS： InsuranceINTST ：InterestedI/O ：In stead ofIOU ：I owe youIVO： In view ofMANUF ：ManufactureMDL ：ModelMEMO ：MemorandumMGR ：MangerMIN ：MinimumMKT ：MarketMSG ：MessageNCRY ：NecessaryNLT ：No later thanOBS ：ObserveOBT ：ObtainORD ：OrdinaryPAT ：PatentPC ：PiecePKG ：PackingPL ：PeoplePLS ：PleasePOSN： PositionPOSS(BL)： PossiblePROD： ProductQLTY： QualityQUTY： QuantityRCV： ReceiveREF ：ReferenceREGL ：RegularREP ：RepresentativeRESN： ReservationRPT ：RepeatRESPON ：ResponsibleSEC： SectionSITN ：SituationSTD ：StandardTEL ：TelephoneTEMP ：TemporaryTGM ：TelegraphTHO ：ThoughTKS ：ThanksTRD ：TradeTRF： TrafficTTL ：TotalU ：YouUR ：YourWK ：WeekWL ：WillWT ：WeightXL： Extra large二、 二、 字母、图像Z 表示人people/person，因为Z看上去像个人头，它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。例如：日本人：JZ。C 表示政府，统治：government，govern 希腊字母C读/ga:ma/,近似government, 所以就用C来表示govern, government。governmental official 可以表示为 CZP 表示政治：politics, political希腊字母P读/pai/,近似politics, political。那么politician就可以表示为 PZE 表示总数：total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect.E 数学符号表示总值。G 表示效率：efficient, effective。G为效率符号。Q 表示通货膨胀：inflation因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。A 表示农业: agriculture. agriculture经常用到，所以用首字母代替。B 表示商业：business。C 表示冲突，矛盾：conflict， confrontation C中的表示反对，字母C将反对的概念缩小为conflict 和 confrontation。W 表示工作，职业: work, employ 等。它是work的第一个字母。所以WZ就可以用来表示worker, 而W(Z在字母上方表示employer, 在字母下方表示employee)。i 表示工业: industry, industrial 字母i 像只烟囱，所以用来可以用来表示工业。U U 看酷似一个酒杯，在笔记中表示合同、协议（treaty, agreement）一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示举杯祝贺。如果在U内填入2，就可以表示为bilateral（双边的）, 填入3表示为trilateral(三边的)。填入在U中填入1表示: Unilateralism（单边主义），填入m (multiple) 表示多边主义。如果在U上加一个/表示谈判破裂。O 表示国家、民族、领土等：country, state, nation, etc.gO表示进口，Og表示出口这个符号酷似一把椅子，可以表示主持、主办：chair, host, preside over。那么在此符号上加Z表示主席，主持人：chairman, host, etc.T 表示领导人：leader, head那么head of government, head of company 便可以表示为 CT 圆圈表示一个圆桌，中间一点表示一盆花，这个符号就可以表示会议、开会等：meeting，conference， negotiation，seminar，discussion，symposiumk 这个符号看上像条鱼，所以表示捕鱼业等合fishery 有关的词汇。O 圆圈代表地球，横线表示赤道，所以这个符号就可以表示国际的、世界的、全球的等: international, worldwide, global, universal, etc.J 表示开心：pleasant, joyful，happy，excited, etc.L 表示不满、生气unsatisfied, discomfort, angry, sad, etc.EO 表示听到、总所周之：as we all know, as is known to all, as you have already heard of, etc.O 表示漠不关心、无动于衷：indifferent, apathetic, unconcern, dont care much, etc四、 数学符号+ 表示多: many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.+(+2) 表示多的比较级：more+3 表示多的最高级：most 表示少: little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc. 表示错误、失误和坏的概念：wrong/incorrect，something bad，notorious，negative, etc. 表示多于概念：bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.表示高 概念：superior to，surpass, etc. 表示少于概念：less/smaller，etc.表示低概念：inferior to，etc.= 表示同等概念：means，that is to say， in other words，the same as，be equal to, etc.表示对手概念：a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.( ) 表示在.之间：among, within, etc. 表示不同概念：be different from, etc.表示无敌概念：matchless, peerless, etc. 表示大约概念：about/around，or so， approximately, etc./ 表示否定，消除等概念：cross out, eliminate, etc.五、 标点等: 表示各种各样说的动词：say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc.? 表示问题：question，issue，例如：台湾问题：tw?. (dot) 这个.点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样.d表示yesterday, .y表示last year, .2m表示two month ago。y表示this year, y2. two year laternext week, 可以表示为wk. 表示转折 表示好的状态，right/good，famous/well-known，etc.表示同意状态，stand up for，support， agree with sb, certain/ affirmative, etc. 表示重要的状态：important，exemplary（模范的） best，outstanding，brilliant，etc.n 表示交流状态：exchange，mutual, etc.&表示和，与：and，together with，along with， accompany，along with，further more，etc. 表示结束：end，stop，halt，bring sth to a standstill/stop, etc.六、 较长单词的处理办法-ism 简写为m 例如：socialism Sm-tion简 简写为n 例如：standardization (标准化)stdn-cian 简 简写为o 例如：techniciantecho-ing 简写为g 例如：marketing (市场营销) MKTg口译资料 难倒英语专业的42个口语翻译1.Do you have a family? 你有孩子吗？2.Its a good father that knows his son。 就算是最好的父亲，也未必了解自己的儿子。3.I have no opinion of that sort of man。 我对这类人很反感。4.She put 5 dollars into my hand,you have been a great man today. 她把5美元塞到我手上说：你今天表现得很好.5.I was the youngest son, and the youngest but two。 我是最小的儿子，但是我还有两个妹妹。6.The picture flattered her。 比较上相。7.The country not agreeing with her, she returned to England。 她在那个国家水土不服，所以回到了英国。8. He is a walking skeleton。 他很瘦。9.The machine is in repair。 机器已经修好了。10.He allowed the father to be overruled by the judge, and declared his own son guilty。 他让法官的职责战胜了父子的亲情，最终宣布儿子有罪。11.You dont know what you are talking about。 你胡说八道。12.You dont begin to understand what they mean。 你根本不知道他们在干嘛.dont begin ：决不13.They didnt praise him slightly。 他们大大地表扬了他。14.Thats all I want to hear。 我已经听够了。15.I wish I could bring you to see my point。 你要我怎么说你才能明白呢。16.You really flatter me。 你让我受宠若惊。17.He made a great difference。 有他没他结果完全不一样。18.You cannot give him too much money。 你给他再多的钱也不算多。19.The long exhausting trip proved too much。 这次旅行矿日持久，我们都累倒了。20.The monk is only not a dead man。 这个和尚虽然活着，但跟死了差不多。21.A surgeon made a cut in the patients stomach。 外科医生在病人胃部打了个洞。22.You look darker after the holiday。 假期过后，你看上去更健康了。23.As luck would have it, he was caught by the teacher again。 不幸的是，他又一次被老师逮个正着。24.She held the little boy by the right hand。 她抓着小男孩的右手。(这里by与with动作主语完全相反。)25.Are you there? 等于句型：Do you follow me? （你听明白了吗？）26.If you think he is a good man, think again。 如果你认为他是好人，那你就大错特错了。27.She has blue eyes。 她长着双蓝眼睛。28.That took his breath away。 他大惊失色。29.Two is company but three is none。 两人成伴，三人不欢。30.The elevator girl reads between passengers。 开电梯的姑娘在没有乘客时看书。between=without:相同用法：She modeled between roles。译成：她不演戏时去客串下模特。31.Students are still arriving。 学生还没有到齐。32.I must not stay here and do nothing。 我不能什么都不做待在这儿。33.They went away as wise as they came。 他们一无所获。34.I wont do it to save my life。 我死也不会做。35.Nonsense, I dont think his painting is any better than yours。 胡说，我认为他的画比你的好不到哪去。36.Traditionally, Italian presidents have been seen and not heard。 这个总统有名无权。37.Better late than the late。 迟到总比丧命好。38.You dont want to do that。 你不应该去做。39.My grandfather is nearly ninety and in his second childhood。 我祖父快90岁了，什么事都需要别人来做。40.Work once and work twice。 一次得手，再次不愁。41.Rubber easily gives way to pressure。 橡胶很容易变形。42.If my mother had known of it shed have died a second time。 要是我妈妈知道了，她会从棺材里爬起来。 专业口译方向复试参考书目： 口译教学指南塞莱斯科维奇等著，闫素伟等译，中国出版集团中国对外翻译出版公司 会议口译解析Conference Interpreting Explained by Roderick Jone上海外语教育出版社 口译：技巧与操练Interpretation: Techniques and Exercises by James Nolan 上海外语教育出版社 巴别塔揭秘：同声传译与认知、智力和感知The Hidden Side of Bable: Unveiling Cognitive, Intelligence and Sense through Simultaneous Interpreting by Laura E. Bertone 外语教学与研究出版社 商务口译（英、汉互译）考试培训系列教程（5册） 人民教育出版社 东方翻译 东方翻译杂志社口译词汇句型 交际礼节套语久仰Ive heard so much about you.好久不见了Long time no see.辛苦了Youve had a long day.Youve had a long flight.尊敬的朋友们distinguished/Honorable/Respected friends阁下(多用于称呼大使)Your Excellency我代表北京市政府欢迎各位朋友访问北京.On behalf of the Beijing Municipal government, I wish to extend our warm welcome to the friends who have come to visit Beijing.对您的大力协助，我谨代表北京市政府表示衷心的感谢。On behalf of the Beijing Municipal government, I wish to express our heartfelt thanks to you for your gracious assistance.在北京过得怎么样？How are you making out in Beijing?我一定向他转达您的问候和邀请.Ill surely remember you and your invitation to him.欢迎美商来北京投资.American businessmen are welcome to make investment in Beijing.欢迎多提宝贵意见.Your valuable advice is most welcome.不虚此行Its a rewarding trip.您的日程很紧,我们的会见是否就到此为止.As you have a tight schedule, I will not take up more of your time.请代我问候.先生please remember me to Mr.感谢光临Thank you so much for coming.欢迎再来Hope youll come again.欢迎以后多来北京Hope youll visit Beijing more often.请留步,不用送了.I will see myself out, please.多保重Take care.祝您一路平安.Have a nice trip.愿为您效劳。At your service.为举行宴会/宴请host a dinner/banquet/luncheon in honor of 欢迎宴会welcome dinner便宴informal dinner午宴（附有情况介绍或专题演讲等内容）luncheon便餐light meal工作午餐working luncheon自助餐buffet dinner/luncheon答谢宴会return dinner告别宴会farewell dinner庆功宴glee feast招待会reception庆祝中华人民共和国成立四十五周年招待会Reception Celebrating the 45th Anniversary of the Founding of the Peoples Republic of China鸡尾酒会cocktail party茶话会tea party包餐/点餐table dhote/a la carte上菜serve a courst您的位置在这里Here is your seat.请入席Please have a seat.欢聚一堂enjoy this happy get-together请随便Please yourself at home./Please enjoy yourself.请各位随意用餐Help yourself please.您喝点什么？what would you like to drink?现在我提议，为了和之间的合作，为了参议员的健康，干杯！At this point, I propose a toast: to the cooperation between and , to the health of Senator, cheers!最后，我借主人的酒，提议为干杯！Lastly, taking up this glass of fine wine, I propose a toast to 请各位举杯并同我一起为所有在座的朋友们的健康干杯！Id ask you to raise your glass and join me in a toast ot the health of all our friends present here.敬您一杯。Heres to you.祝你健康To your health.我要为此干杯Ill drink to that!随量Whatever you like.我失陪一会儿Excuse me for a minute.菜不好，请多多包涵Hope you enjoy yourself.女士们先生们，欢迎各位光临，演出很快就要开始了，请尽快就坐。Ladies and gentlemen, good evening. The concert/show would start soon. Please get yourself seated. Thank you.招待会现在开始。The reception will now begin.全体起立，奏国歌。All rise please. For the P.R.C.National Anthem.出席今天招待会的贵宾有The distinguished guests paarticipating the reception are现在请讲话I have the honour to call upon开幕式现在结束。This concludes the opening ceremony.隆重庆祝grand celebration庆祝成立一周年celebrating the 1st Anniversary of the Establishment of 热烈祝贺第一届锦标赛Hail the first FIFA of 值此节日之际致以节日的祝贺On the occasion of the season, I would like to extend seasons greetings.祝您工作顺利、事业成功、身体健康、家庭幸福！Wish you the very best of luck in your job, every successin your future endeavours, good health and a happy family!衷心祝贺您当选Hearty congratulations on your recent ecletion as 举行会议/研讨会/大会/座谈会/学术报告会hold a meeting/seminar/conference/forum/symposium赞助人/主办人/承办人/协办人patron/sponsor/organizer/co-organizer举行谈判enter into negotiation交涉make representations with sb. on sth./deal with sb.事物性会谈talks at working level对口会谈counterpart talks议程项目items on the agenda主题theme议题topic for discussion双方商定的议程schedule mutually agreed upon开幕会议opening session全体会议plenary session开场白introduction情况介绍presentation小组讨论panel discussion同有关单位磋商hold consultations with the organizations concerned一轮会谈one round of talks决议resolution谅解备忘录memorandum of understanding现在开会I declare the meeting open.请发言I invite the representative of to take the floor.下面我给各位简要介绍一下北京的经济情况Nnow I would like to give you a brief overview of Beijings economy.我的介绍完了，谢谢。Thats all for my presentation.thank you.我先说这么多。So much for my remarks for now.我要说的就是这些。Thats all for what I want to say.您看是先谈原则问题呢，还是先谈具体问题？I wonder if you would like to start with matters of principle or specific issues?让我先谈一个问题。If you agree,(With your permission)let me start with one issue在谈那个问题之前我想对您刚才讲的话谈点看法。Before we trun to that issue, I wish to make a few comments/remarks on your presentation.您对此事怎么看呢？I wish to benefit from your views on this matter./ What is your view on this matter?/ How do you see this matter?我提议休会十分钟。I propose a ten-minute break.我想接着刚才的问题讲下去。I will pick up where we left off just now.对不起，我插一句。Sorry for the interruption but当然可以。By all means怎么都行。Whatever you say.我没有异议。I have no objection我方对这个问题有异议。We take exception to this question.我们高兴地看到We note with pleasure that这个日期贵方觉得合适吗？I wonder if this date wuld be suitable for you?不知你们上午谈的怎样？I wonder how the meeting went this morning?我方很希望贵方能尽早给予肯定的答复。We would greatlyl appreciate it if you could give us your favourable and prompt commitment as soonas possible.请你们务必在8月1日前提出意向书。You are kindly requested to submit the letter of intent on the date no later than 1st August.纠缠这个问题entangle this issue提倡节约advocate/uphold thriftiness为了国家的繁荣for the sake of national property经受了时间考验的友谊给我留下了很深的印象。The time-tested friendship leave me a deep impression.密切注视Keep close watch on促进密切合作spur/promote intensive cooperation金融经济 分类词汇二板市场 the second board market中国创业板 China Growth Enterprise Market首次上市 IPOs (initial public offering)市场资本总额 market capitalization法人股 institutional shares内部股（非上市招股） private company shares牛市 bull market法律风险 legal risk风险管理 risk management坚持严格的贷款标准 maintain strong underwriting standards六大风险 risks in 6 key areas (U.S. Federal Reserve criterion)信用风险 credit risk供给学派 supply-side economist第一产业（农业） agriculture (primary industry)第二产业（工业） manufacturing industry (secondary industry)第三产业（服务业） service industry (tertiary industry)主要经济指标 major economic indicators国内生产总值 GDP gross domestic product （商品和劳务币值总和，不包括海外收入支出）国民生产总值 GNP gross national product（商品和劳务币值总和，包括海外收入支出）人均国内生产总值 GDP per capita宏观经济 macro economy互助基金 mutual fund扩大内需 expand domestic demand改善居民心理预期 inspire the general publics confidence in the future needs鼓励增加即期消费 encourage more immediate consumption长期国债 long-term treasury bonds支付国债利息 to service treasury bonds财政赤字和债务 deficits and the national debt按原口径计算 calculate on the base line按不变价格计算 calculate at constant price按可比价格计算 calculate at comparable price列入财政预算支出 listed in the fiscal budget结售汇制度 the system of exchange, settlement and sales经常项目顺差 favorable balance of current account, surplus of current account开办人民币业务 engage in Renminbi (RMB) business出口退税制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported goods保证金台帐制度 Deposit account system for processing trade分期付款 pay by installment保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings抵押贷款 collateralised loans住房抵押贷款 residential mortgage loan货币主义者 monetarist计划经济 planned eco