梁所丰-大学英语教案-语法与写作课件u.ppt

1 Warm upQuestions 2 Listen Retell Discuss 3 ThomasJefferson BeforeReading Main BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading ABriefIntroductiontoThomasJefferson Jefferson sChronology TheDeclarationofIndependence JeffersonandtheFrenchRevolution BeforeReading 1 1 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading Warm upQuestions 1 Doyouadmireanygreatpoliticalfiguresorstatesmenbothathomeandabroad Whoarethey Andwhy BeforeReading 1 1 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading ZhouEnlaiwasoneofthemajorleadersoftheChineseCommunistmovement HewasthefirstpremierofthePeople sRepublicofChina aposthehelduntilhisdeathin1976 HewaseducatedinJapanandEuropeandachievedhighrankintheCommunistmovementatanearlyage Hewaswellknownasaskilledinternationalnegotiator BeforeReading 1 2 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading TheChineserevolutionaryleaderSunYat senhadatremendousimpactonthedevelopmentofmodernChina SunwasthecatalystintheoverthrowofManchurule BeforeReading 1 2 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading AsprimeministerofBritainduringWorldWarII ChurchillrousedtheBritishtostandagainstNaziGermany ThesightofChurchill withhiscigarandtwofingersraisedina Vforvictory salute inspiredBritonstorisetowhathecalled theirfinesthour BeforeReading 2 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading NapoleonBonapartewasthegreatestmilitarygeniusofthe19thcentury HeconqueredmostofWesternEuropeandEgyptforFrance whileinstitutingreformsinthesenewterritoriesaimedatguaranteeingcivillibertiesandimprovingthequalityoflife HecrownedhimselfemperorofFrancein1804andintroducedreformsintendedtounifytherevolution fracturednation ManyofNapoleon sreformsarestillineffecttoday BeforeReading 3 1 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading 2 OftheAmericanpresidents howmanydoyouknow Canyourecognizethepeopleinthefollowingpicturesandsaysomethingaboutthem BeforeReading 3 1 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading GeorgeWashington 1732 1799 Commander in ChiefoftheContinentalArmyduringtheAmericanRevolution statesmanandfirstPresidentoftheUnitedStates borninWestmorelandCounty VirginiaonFebruary22 1732 BeforeReading 3 11 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading AbrahamLincoln 1809 1865 the16thPresidentoftheUnitedStates bornonFebruary12 1809inabackwoodscabinthreemilessouthofHodgenville Kentucky preservedtheUnionduringtheCivilWarandbroughtabouttheemancipationoftheslaves BeforeReading 3 12 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading FranklinD Roosevelt 1882 1945 the32ndPresidentoftheUnitedStates electedfourtimes institutedNewDealtocounterthegreatdepressionandledcountryduringWorldWarII BeforeReading 3 13 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading BillClinton 1946 the42ndPresidentoftheUnitedStates 1993 1996 andthefirstpresidentbornafterWorldWarII electedtoasecondtermin1996 DirtyFarmer WhileservingasAmerica svicepresident ThomasJefferson dressedindirtyworkingclothes enteredBaltimore sfinesthoteloneeveningandaskedforaroom Theowner acertainMr Boyden turnedhimaway SoonthereafterBoyden informedoftheidentityofhisdistinguishedvisitor promptlydispatchedseveralservantstofindhimandofferasmanyroomsashisheartdesired Jefferson havingfoundaroominanotherhotel sentBoyden srepresentativeawaywiththefollowingmessage TellBoydenthatIvaluehisgoodintentionshighly butifhehasnoroomforadirtyfarmer heshallhavenoneforthevicepresident BeforeReading 3 14 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading Listen Retell Discuss Directions HowmuchdoyouknowaboutThomasJefferson spersonality Nowlistentoashortstoryabouthimandthenretellanddiscussitinsmallgroups BeforeReading 3 15 ABriefIntroductiontoThomasJefferson BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading ThomasJefferson 1743 1826 isbestrememberedasagreatPresidentandastheauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependence Healsowonlastingfameasadiplomat apoliticalthinker andafounderoftheDemocraticParty Jefferson sinterestsandtalentscoveredanamazingrange HebecameoneoftheleadingAmericanarchitectsofhistimeanddesignedtheVirginiaCapitol theUniversityofVirginia andhisownhome Monticello HegreatlyappreciatedartandmusicandtriedtoencouragetheiradvancementintheUnitedStates Jeffersoninventedadecodingdevice alapdesk andanimprovedtypeofmoldboardplow Hiscollectionofmorethan6400booksbecameamajorpartoftheLibraryofCongress JeffersonrevisedVirginia slawsandfoundeditsstateuniversity HedevelopedthedecimalsystemofcoinagethatallowsAmericanstokeepaccountsindollarsandcents BeforeReading 3 15 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading Jeffersondidnotconsiderhimselfaprofessionalpolitician Instead heregardedhimselfasapublic spiritedcitizenandabroadminded practicalthinker Hepreferredhisfamily hisbooks andhisfarmstopubliclife Buthespentmostofhiscareerinpublicofficeandmadehisgreatestcontributiontohiscountryinthefieldofpolitics BeforeReading 3 16 Jefferson sChronology BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading Date Event April13 1743 BornatShadwell GoochlandCounty nowAlbemarleCounty Virginia 1762 AttendedtheCollegeofWilliamandMary wherehestudiedlaw BeforeReading 3 17 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading Date Event 1769 JoinedtheVirginiacoloniallegislature 1770 Begantobuildamansionhomehedesigned calledMonticello 1772 Marriedawell to dowidow MarthaWaylesSkelton Theyhadsixchildren Onlytwodaughterslivedtobeadults BeforeReading 3 18 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading Date Event 1776 AskedbytheContinentalCongressinPhiladelphiatodrafttheDeclarationofIndependence 1776 1779 RepresentedthestateofVirginiaattheContinentalCongress 1779 1781 ChosenasthegovernorofVirginia 1782 HiswifeMarthadied 1785 1789 ActedasAmericanministertoFrance BeforeReading 3 19 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading Servedasthenation sfirstsecretaryofstateunderPresidentGeorgeWashington Date Event 1789 1793 ServedasvicePresidentunderJohnAdams 1797 1801 Event Event Event BeforeReading 3 10 1 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading BecamethePresidentoftheUnitedStates Date Event 1801 1809 FoundedtheUniversityofVirginia 1819 Date BeforeReading 3 10 2 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading Diedonthe50thanniversaryoftheDeclarationofIndependence Date Event July4 1826 BeforeReading 3 10 3 TheDeclarationofIndependence BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading InApril1775 colonistsinMassachusettstookuparmsagainstBritishtroops TheAmericanRevolutionhadbegun Thefollowingyear theContinentalCongressinPhiladelphiaaskedJeffersontowriteadocumentdeclaringAmerica sindependencefromBritain TheContinentalCongressapprovedJefferson sworkwithfewchanges TheDeclarationofIndependencewasadoptedonJuly4 1776 ThebondsthattiedthecoloniestoBritainwerebroken JeffersonwantedthereasonsforAmerica sindependencestatedclearlysotheworldwouldunderstand Hewrote allmenarecreatedequal withrightsto life liberty andthepursuitofhappiness Governmentsarecreatedtosecurepeople srights Thepeoplecouldchangeagovernmentthatnolongerprotectedtheirrights BeforeReading 3 10 3 JeffersonandtheFrenchRevolution BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading JeffersonservedasministertoFrancefrom1785to1789whenrevolutionwasimminentinFrance Hesympathizedwiththerevolution feelingitwassimilarinpurposetotheAmericanRevolution ThankstohispoliticalwritingsandhislegalreformsinVirginia FrenchreformersregardedJeffersonasachampionofliberty MarquisdeLafayette whohadfoughtforAmerica sIndependence andotheradvocatesofdemocraticprinciplesoftensoughthisadvice GlobeReading main 1 PartDivisionoftheText 2 QuestionsandAnswers 3 FurtherUnderstandingforParts2 3 BackgroundInformationforSomeKeyWords TableCompletion BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading GlobeReading 1 PartDivisionoftheText MainIdeas Lines Parts 1 1 3 2 4 43 3 44 62 AbriefintroductiontoThomasJefferson SomeideasandprinciplesgivenbyThomasJefferson HistalentsinmanyfieldsandhiscontributiontoUSA BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading GlobeReading 2 part1 1 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading QuestionsandAnswers 1 WhyisThomasJeffersonlessfamousthanGeorgeWashingtonandAbrahamLincoln Washingtoniswell knownforhisleadershipintheAmericanIndependenceWar Lincolniswell knownforhisroleinabolishingslaveryintheUnitedStates 2 WhydoweassociatethenameofThomasJeffersonwiththeDeclarationofIndependence HewasthewriteroftheDeclarationofIndependence 3 WhywasJeffersonchosentowritetheDeclarationofIndependence Hewasagoodandtirelesswriterwhosecompleteworksfillmorethanfiftyvolumes GlobeReading 2 part1 2 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading 4 WhatwasJefferson sattitudetowards peopleofhumbleorigins Inadaywhenfewnoblepersonseverspoketothoseofhumbleoriginsexcepttogiveanorder hewentoutofhiswaytotalkwithgardeners servants andwaiters lookedintotheircookingpotsandatetheirbread 5 Whydidheinsistuponhavingafreepress Afreepresscouldtellthetruth 6 WhatwasthephilosophyunderlyingJefferson sdeterminationnevertoanswerhiscritics Thereweretwosidestoeveryquestion Ifonetookonesidewithdecisionandactedonitwitheffect thosewhotooktheothersidewouldofcourseresenthisactions Sohebelievedinconflictratherthanunquestioningagreement 7 WhydoestheauthorsaythatAmericaneducationowesagreatdebttoThomasJefferson BecauseJeffersonbelievedthatonlyanationofeducatedpeoplecouldremainfree GlobeReading 2 part2 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading BackgroundInformationforSomeKeyWords TheJamesRiverisariver about547km 340m long risingincentralVirginiaandflowingeastwardintotheChesapeakeBay TheriverisnavigabletoRichmondforlargecraft ItwasnamedafterJamesI KingofEnglandfrom1603to1625 GlobeReading 2 part3 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading Canoe Acanoeisarelativelysmallboat typicallyhuman powered butalsocommonlysailed Canoesarepointedatbothendsandusuallyopenontop GlobeReading 2 part2 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading MarquisdeLafayette MarquisdeLafayette 1757 1834 wasaFrenchgeneralandstatesman Borntoawealthynoblefamily hewasayoungmanwhenhesailedtoAmericatohelpintheAmericanRevolution HealsocommandedtheNationalGuard 国民自卫军 andplayedanimportantroleintheFrenchRevolution GlobeReading 2 part2 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading Philadelphia PhiladelphiaisthelargestcityofPennsylvania Foundedin1682 PhiladelphiaisknownastheBirthplaceoftheNationbecauseofitsroleinAmerica sstruggleforindependencefromBritain BoththeDeclarationofIndependenceandtheConstitutionoftheUnitedStatesweredraftedinthe cityandsignedinPhiladelphia shistoricIndependenceHall ThenamePhiladelphiawasderivedfromtheGreekwordsmeaning cityofbrotherlylove ModernPhiladelphiahasworkedhardtobecomeoneofthegreatcommercial cultural andeducationalcentersintheUnitedStates 1 anexpertinagriculture archeologyandmedicine2 agoodandtirelesswriter3 amanwhomadegreatcontributiontoAmericaneducation GlobeReading 2 part2 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading TableCompletion Directions Inthesetwoparts thewritertellsussomethingaboutJefferson sprinciplesandhiscontributionstoUSA Completethefollowingtablewiththeinformationfromthetext hisattitudetoworking hisattitudetolearning hisopiniononjudgment hiswayofdoingthings hisattitudetothefutureandtheyoung Attachimportancetopersonalinvestigation Learnfromordinarypeople Dependonone sownjudgment Sticktoone sownway Beoptimisticaboutthefutureandtheyoung hiscontributionstoUSA Article BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading Jeffersondiedlongago butmanyofhisideasarestillofgreatinterest Article1 S BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading ThomasJefferson thethirdPresidentoftheUnitedStates maybelessfamousthanGeorgeWashingtonandAbrahamLincoln butmostpeoplerememberatleastonefactabouthim hewrotetheDeclarationofIndependence AlthoughJeffersonlivedmorethan200yearsago thereismuchthatwecanlearnfromhimtoday Manyofhisideasareespeciallyinterestingtomodernyouth Herearesomeofthethingshesaidandwrote LessonsfromJefferson BruceBliven Goandsee Jeffersonbelievedthatafreemanobtainsknowledgefrommanysourcesbesidesbooksandthatpersonalinvestigationisimportant Whenstillayoungman hewasappointedtoacommitteetofindoutwhethertheSouthBranchoftheJamesRiverwasdeepenoughtobeusedbylargeboats Whiletheothermembersofthecommitteesatinthestatecapitolandstudiedpapersonthesubject Jeffersongotintoacanoeandmadeon the spotobservations Article1 W BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading ThomasJefferson thethirdPresidentoftheUnitedStates maybelessfamousthanGeorgeWashingtonandAbrahamLincoln butmostpeoplerememberatleastonefactabouthim hewrotetheDeclarationofIndependence AlthoughJeffersonlivedmorethan200yearsago thereismuchthatwecanlearnfromhimtoday Manyofhisideasareespeciallyinterestingtomodernyouth Herearesomeofthethingshesaidandwrote LessonsfromJefferson BruceBliven Goandsee Jeffersonbelievedthatafreemanobtainsknowledgefrommanysourcesbesidesbooksandthatpersonalinvestigationisimportant Whenstillayoungman hewasappointedtoacommitteetofindoutwhethertheSouthBranchoftheJamesRiverwasdeepenoughtobeusedbylargeboats Whiletheothermembersofthecommitteesatinthestatecapitolandstudiedpapersonthesubject Jeffersongotintoacanoeandmadeon the spotobservations Article1 S BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading ThomasJefferson thethirdPresidentoftheUnitedStates maybelessfamousthanGeorgeWashingtonandAbrahamLincoln butmostpeoplerememberatleastonefactabouthim hewrotetheDeclarationofIndependence AlthoughJeffersonlivedmorethan200yearsago thereismuchthatwecanlearnfromhimtoday Manyofhisideasareespeciallyinterestingtomodernyouth Herearesomeofthethingshesaidandwrote LessonsfromJefferson Goandsee Jeffersonbelievedthatafreemanobtainsknowledgefrommanysourcesbesidesbooksandthatpersonalinvestigationisimportant Whenstillayoungman hewasappointedtoacommitteetofindoutwhethertheSouthBranchoftheJamesRiverwasdeepenoughtobeusedbylargeboats Whiletheothermembersofthecommitteesatinthestatecapitolandstudiedpapersonthesubject Jeffersongotintoacanoeandmadeon the spotobservations Whatdoesthissentenceimply Heisapersonofforesight Manyofhisideasarenotoutofdate BruceBliven Article1 S BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading ThomasJefferson thethirdPresidentoftheUnitedStates maybelessfamousthanGeorgeWashingtonandAbrahamLincoln butmostpeoplerememberatleastonefactabouthim hewrotetheDeclarationofIndependence AlthoughJeffersonlivedmorethan200yearsago thereismuchthatwecanlearnfromhimtoday Manyofhisideasareespeciallyinterestingtomodernyouth Herearesomeofthethingshesaidandwrote LessonsfromJefferson Goandsee Jeffersonbelievedthatafreemanobtainsknowledgefrommanysourcesbesidesbooksandthatpersonalinvestigationisimportant Whenstillayoungman hewasappointedtoacommitteetofindoutwhethertheSouthBranchoftheJamesRiverwasdeepenoughtobeusedbylargeboats Whiletheothermembersofthecommitteesatinthestatecapitolandstudiedpapersonthesubject Jeffersongotintoacanoeandmadeon the spotobservations 1 Explainthegrammaticalstructureofthesentence 1 主句Jeffersonbelieved为一般过去时 而后面从句却用了一般现在时 说明叙述的内容为人们普遍接受的客观道理 2 谓语动词的believed引导两个由that引导的宾语从句 在非正式文体中 引导第一个宾语从句的that一般可省略 第二个则不能省略 以免引起歧义 Theboyslearnedyesterdaythattheplanetsarecirclingaboutthesun Iunderstand that youhavestudiedChinese andthatyouhavewrittenChinesepoetry Shedenied that shehadseenthemanandthatshehadbeenintouchwithhim 2 TranslatethesentenceintoChinese 杰斐逊认为 一个自由的人除了从书本中获取知识外 还可以从许多别的来源获得知识 他认为 亲自作调查是很重要的 BruceBliven AnExample MoreExamples Article1 S BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading ThomasJefferson thethirdPresidentoftheUnitedStates maybelessfamousthanGeorgeWashingtonandAbrahamLincoln butmostpeoplerememberatleastonefactabouthim hewrotetheDeclarationofIndependence AlthoughJeffersonlivedmorethan200yearsago thereismuchthatwecanlearnfromhimtoday Manyofhisideasareespeciallyinterestingtomodernyouth Herearesomeofthethingshesaidandwrote LessonsfromJefferson Goandsee Jeffersonbelievedthatafreemanobtainsknowledgefrommanysourcesbesidesbooksandthatpersonalinvestigationisimportant Whenstillayoungman hewasappointedtoacommitteetofindoutwhethertheSouthBranchoftheJamesRiverwasdeepenoughtobeusedbylargeboats Whiletheothermembersofthecommitteesatinthestatecapitolandstudiedpapersonthesubject Jeffersongotintoacanoeandmadeon the spotobservations What sthefunctionof while inthissentence Here while means whereas introducingsth different JanewasdressedinbrownwhileMarywasdressedinblue Youlikesports whileI dratherread BruceBliven MoreExamples ThomasJefferson thethirdPresidentoftheUnitedStates maybelessfamousthanGeorgeWashingtonandAbrahamLincoln butmostpeoplerememberatleastonefactabouthim hewrotetheDeclarationofIndependence AlthoughJeffersonlivedmorethan200yearsago thereismuchthatwecanlearnfromhimtoday Manyofhisideasareespeciallyinterestingtomodernyouth Herearesomeofthethingshesaidandwrote LessonsfromJefferson Goandsee Jeffersonbelievedthatafreemanobtainsknowledgefrommanysourcesbesidesbooksandthatpersonalinvestigationisimportant Whenstillayoungman hewasappointedtoacommitteetofindoutwhethertheSouthBranchoftheJamesRiverwasdeepenoughtobeusedbylargeboats Whiletheothermembersofthecommitteesatinthestatecapitolandstudiedpapersonthesubject Jeffersongotintoacanoeandmadeon the spotobservations Article1 W obtain1 BeforeReading GlobalReading DetailedReading AfterReading obtain vt getthrougheffort Informationaboutvisasandpassportscanbeobtainedfromyourlocallibrary CF get obtain achieve acquire这些动词均有 得到 获得 取得 的意思 Iobtainedthisrecordforyouwithdifficulty 你可以从当地图书馆得到有关签证和护照的信息 get是最常用 最口语化的词 可以指以任何方式得到某物 积极主动或消极被动 并不强调通过预先的或主观的努力 与具体名词和抽象名词均可搭配 obtain为正式用语 指经过长时间的努力或有计划的行动而得到所希望得到的东西或达到预定的目标 achieve表示克服困难之后取得成功或实现预期目标 acquire指经过一定努力或一定过程 使原有的东西获得更多 并成为永久所有 也指一点点地慢慢地通过长期不懈的努力而获得诸如知识 才干 良好习惯等 常与抽象名词搭配 BruceBliven ThomasJefferson thethirdPresidentoftheUnitedStates maybelessfamousthanGeorgeWashingtonandAbrahamLincoln butmostpeoplerememberatleastonefactabouthim hewrotetheDeclarationofIndependence