小升初英语知识点大全三.doc

小升初孩子必会英语语法集锦【下】 小升初必会语法(11)-规则动词的过去式及发音小升初必会语法(12)-反意疑问句练习小升初必会语法(13)-动词like的常见用法小升初必会语法(14)-英语动词后加Ving形式小升初必会语法(15)-have的用法小升初必会语法(16)-in，put on，wear，dress, have on, pull on 用法辨析小升初必会语法(17)-服饰常用英语单词(11)-规则动词的过去式及发音规则动词的过去式词尾变化有几种：1一般情况下加ed，如watched, planted, watered, pulled, climbed, picked。2以不发音字母e结尾的加d，如liked, moved, tasted。3以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加ed，如studystudied。4以1个元音字母加1个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字母再加ed，如stopstopped。词尾读音有3种：a在浊辅音和元音后读d，如lived, watered, listened, played。b在清辅音后读t，如liked, helped, watched。c在t,d音后读Id，如planted, wanted, handed(上交)。不规则动词的过去式变化则没有什么规律，请大家背熟记牢：sit sat throw threw am, is wasdrink drank draw drew are weresing sang fly flew do didbegin began grow grew have, has hadswim swam put put may mightgive gave cut cut can couldring rang let let shall shouldrun ran read read will wouldride rode catch caught go wentwrite wrote teach taught eat atedrive drove think thought hear heardkeep kept buy bought see sawsleep slept fight fought find foundsweep swept hold held wear worefeel felt tell told meet metcome came get got mean meantbecome became make made speak spoketake took say said1）is, am -was are-were2) begin-began ring-rang drink-drank swim-swam give-gavesing-sang sit-sat run-ran have-had make-madecome-came eat-ate3) write-wrote ride-rode speak-spoke drive-drove stand-stoodtell-told win-won get-got take-took4) sleep-slept sweep-swept feel-felt keep-keptspell-spelt spend-spent bend-bentmeet-met go-went5) know-knew fly-flew blow-blew grow-grewthrow-threw draw-drew (glow-glowed)6) teach-taught catch-caught buy-boughtfight-fought think-thought7) find-found hear-heard say-said lie-laysee-saw learn-learnt mean-meant8) put-put read-read cut-cut let-let小升初必会语法(17)-服饰常用英语单词clothes:衣服garments：外衣wardrobe：衣柜double-breasted suit：双排扣外衣clothing：(总称)衣服ready-made clothes：成衣suit：套装ready- to-wear：现成服装dress：女装mens wear:：男装everyday clothes：便服womens wear：女装three-piece suit：三件套underwear：内衣uniform：制服overalls：(美)工装裤cuff：袖口formal dress：礼服buttonhole：纽扣孔tailcoat, 燕尾服，morning coat：大礼服shirt：衬衫blouse：女衬衫evening dress：晚礼服T-shirt：T懈衫Dress coat：燕尾服Vest：背心Nightshirt：衬衫式长睡衣Sweater：毛衣，(厚)运动衫Polo shirt：马球衫Dinner jacket(tuxedo)：【美】(男士无尾半正式)晚礼服;餐服Short-sleeved sweater：短袖运动衫Full dress uniform：【军】全装; 正式的晚礼服Round-neck sweater：圆领运动衫Roll-neck sweater：高翻领运动衫Grown,robe：长袍。长外衣Overcoat：男式大衣Fur coat：皮大衣Twinset：两件套，运动衫裤Dust coat：风衣Kimono：和服Mantle;cloak：斗篷Cardigan：开襟羊毛衫Sheepshin jacket：羊皮夹克Mackintosh;raincoat：雨衣Hood：风帽，头巾Trousers：裤子Scarf;muffler：围巾Jeans：牛仔裤Shawl：披肩Braces：裤子背带Bathrobe：浴衣Breeches：马裤Nightgown;nightdress：女睡衣Belt：裤带Pyjamas：睡衣裤Skirt：裙子Pocket：衣袋Divided skirt;split skirt：裙裤Lapel：上衣翻领Underwear;underclothes：内衣裤Sleeve：袖子Underpants,pants：内裤Briefs：短内裤，三角裤Glove：手套Panties：女短内裤Tie(necktie)：领带Brassiere;bra：乳罩Bow tie：蝶型领带Corselet：紧身胸衣Cap：便帽Waistcoat:背心Hat：带沿的帽子Slip;petticoat：衬裙Bowler hat：圆顶硬礼帽Top hat：高顶礼帽Panama hat：巴拿马草帽Beret：贝雷帽Broad-brimmed straw hat：宽边草帽Girdle：腰带Stoacking：长袜silk stockings 丝袜Tights：紧身衣裤Bathing trunks:游泳裤Bathing costume;swimsuit：游泳衣Bikini：比基尼泳衣Apron：围裙Shoe：鞋Sole：鞋底Heel：鞋后跟Lace：鞋带Moccasin：鹿皮鞋Boot：靴子Slippers：便鞋Sandal：凉鞋Clog：木拖鞋Galosh,overshoe：套鞋Headdress：头饰Turban：头巾Natural fabric：天然纤维Cotton：棉Silk：丝Wool：毛料Linen：麻Synthetic fabric：混合纤维Nylon：尼龙Cashmere：羊毛,开司米Patterns：花样Tartan plaid：格子花Dot:圆点花Strip：条纹Veil：面纱小升初必会语法(12)-反意疑问句练习 1、Youre in Grade two now, _ ? 2、Your father is a worker,_ ? 3、Mary is going to study Chinese,_? 4、Were going to have a meeting this week,_ ? 5、Jack is playing in the garden,_ ? 6、They all look fine,_? 7、You like English,_ ? 8、Kate swims the best in her class, _ ? 9、Mike watches TV every day,_? 10、They like spring best,_? 11、They wont have a good time,_? 12、He will go to see a film,_? 13、She isnt going to buy a book,_ ? 14、Tom and Mike are watching TV,_ ? 15、You are doing some washing,_? 16、Mrs White is cleaning the room,_ ? 17、I bad a rest a moment ago,_? 18、He was a teacher a year ago,_? 19、They wrote letters last Sunday, _? 20、Mr Smith made a table last year,_ ? 21、Dont open the door,_? 22、Lets go to school,_? 23、Listen to me,_? 24、Theres little water in the rive,_ ? 25、The little girl can hardly read,_ ? 26、He has never been to Japan,_? 27、The students borrowed few English books from the library,_ ? 28、Kate made few mistakes in the exam,_ ? 参考答案 1、arent you 2、isnt he 3、isnt she 4、arent we 5、isnt he 6、dont they 7、dont you 8、doesnt she 9、does he 10、dont they 11、will they 12、wont he 13、is she 14、arent they 15、arent you 16、isnt she 17、didnt I 18、wasnt he 19、didnt they 20、didnt he 21、will you 22、shall we 23、will you 24、is there 25、can she 26、has he 27、did they 28、did she小升初必会语法(13)-动词like的常见用法 like是一个使用频率较高的词，它既可作动词，又能作介词，弄不清楚的同学经常混淆用法。下面就已经学过的用法归纳如下：一、作及物动词，意为“喜欢”，后接名词或代词，表示对某一事物的兴趣或爱好。例如： I like fish and vegetables very much. Jack doesnt like his work.二、常与would,should连用，表示“想要、愿意、希望”，语气较为客气委婉。例如： Would you like something to drink?你想要喝点什么吗? I would like a bottle of orange and two cakes, please.我想要一瓶桔子汁和两块蛋糕。 三、like后接动词不定式作宾语，表示喜欢某项特定的或具体的活动。例如： Do you like to play basketball? No. I like to paly table tennis. His mother doesnt like to see a film.四、 like后也可跟动词的ing形式作宾语，强调喜欢和爱好的是一般性的行为或事实。例如： Do they like playing games? No. They like watching TV. The girl doesnt like doing housework.五、 How do you like?句型主要用以询问对方对某个地方或某件事物等的看法，意为“你觉得怎么样?”例如：How do you like the city?你觉得这座城市怎么样? How do you like the film?你认为这部电影怎样?How do you like?和What do you think of ?意义相近，它们在口语中常用How about ?或What about?代替。还要注意别和What do you like?相混，该句型主要用以询问对方的兴趣爱好，意为“你喜欢什么?”例如：What do you like? I like swimming.六、like作介词，意为“像”、“和一样”。例如： She looks like her mother.The boy jumps like a monkey.It looks like rain.We dont need a man like小升初必会语法(14)-英语动词后加Ving形式 (1)be动词(is.am.are).介词后面加ing形式。还有固定的词组搭配要记住某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, delay, practise, resist, suggest, depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, worry about, burst out, insist on, cant stand, be used to, get used to, devoteto, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to等。如：They went on walking and never stopped talking. 他们继续走，说个不停。I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 在海滩上走真是乐事。(2)作介词的宾语We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我们休息呢还是开始干活?(3)作形容词的宾语The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这种曲子很值得多听几遍。We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet. 我们正为马上到来的运动会忙着做准备。(4)、作表语动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就是擦窗户。(Cleaning the windows is your task.)What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。 (Being laughed at is what I hate most.)(5)、作定语动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如：a walking stick =a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walkinga washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washinga reading room=a room for reading=a room which is used for readinga measuring tape=a tape for measuring=a tape which is used for measuringsleeping pills=pills for sleeping=pills which is used for sleeping小升初必会语法(15)-have的用法havev.(动词)hadh2d hav.ing,hash2zv.tr.(及物动词)To be in possession of:拥有：already had a car.已经有一辆车To possess as a characteristic, quality, or function:气质：有的特征、性质或功能：has a beard; had a great deal of energy.蓄着胡子;精力充沛To possess or contain as a constituent part:包含：作为某物的组成部分而含有或包含：a car that has an automatic transmission.有自动传动系统的汽车To occupy a particular relation to:有特殊关系：had a great many disciples.有很多信徒To possess knowledge of or facility in:具有某方面的知识或才能：has very little Spanish.懂很少一点西班牙语To hold in the mind; entertain:保持在脑中;怀抱：had doubts about their loyalty.对他们的忠诚怀有疑虑To use or exhibit in action:发挥：通过行动来运用或显示：have compassion.发挥同情心To come into possession of; acquire:占有;获得：Not one copy of the book was to be had in the entire town.整个城镇都没有这本书To receive; get:收到;得到：I had a letter from my cousin.我收到堂弟寄来的信To accept; take:接受;收纳：Ill have the green peas instead of the spinach.我想要份青豆而不是菠菜To suffer from:经受，遭受：have defective vision.视力不好To be subject to the experience of:经历，经验：had a difficult time last winter.去年冬天日子不好过To cause to, as by persuasion or compulsion:促使：通过劝说或强迫导致：had my assistant run the errand.让我的助手跑腿To cause to be:使成为：had everyone fascinated.把每个人都吸引住了To permit; allow:允许;许可：I wont have that kind of behavior in my house.在我家中我可不允许做那种事To carry on, perform, or execute:执行，做，实行：have an argument.进行争吵To place at a disadvantage:把置于不利状态：Your opponent in the debate had you on every issue.你的对手在争论中使你在每个问题上都处于下风Informal To get the better of, especially by trickery or deception:【非正式用语】 利用：尤指通过诡计或欺骗利用：They realized too late that theyd been had by a swindler.他们发现被一个骗子耍了，但为时已晚Informal To influence by dishonest means; bribe:【非正式用语】 贿赂：通过不正当手段影响;贿赂：an incorruptible official who could not be had.一位不为贿赂所动的廉洁官员To procreate (offspring):繁殖(后代)：wanted to have a child.想要一个孩子To give birth to; bear:生;生育：Shes going to have a baby.她就要生孩子了To partake of:吃喝：have lunch.吃中饭To be obliged to; must:被迫;必须：We simply have to get there on time.我们不得不准时赶到那里To engage in sexual intercourse with.性交：与产生性关系v.aux.(助动词)Used with a past participle to form the present perfect, past perfect, and future perfect tenses indicating completed action:与过去分词连用构成现在完成时、过去完成时或将来完成时以表示结束的行为：The troublemaker has gone for good. I regretted that I had lost my temper. They will have finished by the time we arrive.那捣蛋鬼已走上了正路。我对我曾大发脾气感到后悔。他们会在我们到那里的时候完成的n.(名词)One enjoying especially material wealth:富人：尤指享受物质财富的人：“Almost overnight, there was a new and widespread hostility on the part of the haves toward the have-nots”(Thomas P. ONeill, Jr.)“几乎是一夜之间，富人们就对穷人们滋生出一种新的和的仇恨”(小托马斯P.奥涅尔)havev.aux.1. (加过去分词,构成完成时态)已经;曾经They havent finished the job yet.他们尚未完成该项工作。2. (用于虚拟语气,表示与过去事实相反的假设)(假如那时).的话She might have come if she hadnt been so busy.当时若不是那么忙,她是可能来的。vt.1. 有,拥有WThis coat has no pockets.这件衣服没有口袋。2. 怀有,持有WMany people have doubts about the new project.许多人对这项新工程有怀疑。3. 体验;经验;患WWe had a wonderful time on the beach.我们在海滩上玩得好极了。4. 拿;得到,取得WWe gave him a present, but he wouldnt have it.我们给他一件礼物,但他不肯接受。5. 进行,从事(某事)The manager is having a meeting.经理正在开会。6. 吃;喝;吸(烟)They had their lunch in a cafeteria.他们在一家自助餐厅吃了午饭。Have a cup of coffee, please.请喝杯咖啡。7. 邀请(某人),招待OWe had some guests for dinner last night.我们昨晚请了几位客人吃饭。8. (用于否定句中)容忍;允许O4I wont have anyone smoking in here.我不容许任何人在这里抽烟。9. 生得,生育My wife is going to have a baby.我妻子快要生孩子了。10. 使,让;招致O7O8Pas had his hands burned.爸的手给烫伤了。Ive had the stove lighted.我已经让人把炉子点着了。11. 要;叫;使O3O4Ill be proud to have you read it.你肯读它我会感到骄傲的。12. 必须,不得不+to-vI have to go right now.我马上得走。13. 【俚】哄骗,欺骗HThey were had in that deal.他们在那笔生意上受了骗。14. 明白,懂得WI guess I have your ideas.我想我明白你的意思。15. 富人;富国the PThe gap between the haves and the have-nots is widening.贫富之间的差距在扩大。小升初必会语法(16)-in，put on，wear，dress, have on, pull on 用法辨析 in，put on，wear，dress, have on, pull on 用法辨析都含有“穿、戴”之意，但用法不同。in是介词，后接表示衣服或颜色的词，着重于服装的款式或颜色。它所构成的短语只能作表语或定语。例如：This is a picture of a young man in a black coat.这是一张穿着黑色外套的年轻人的照片。这里in a black coat是young